a) PTHH: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
b) \(n_{Al}=\frac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{Al}:n_{HCl}=2:6=\frac{1}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=n_{Al}.3=0,2.3=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,6.36,5=21,9\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{HCl}=\frac{21,9}{400}.100\%=5,475\%\)
c) Theo PTHH: \(n_{Al}:n_{H_2}=2:3\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=n_{Al}.\frac{3}{2}=0,2.\frac{3}{2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2}=0,3.2=0,6\left(g\right)\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{Al}:n_{AlCl_3}=2:2=1\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{AlCl_3}=0,2.133,5=26,7\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{AlCl_3}=\frac{26.7}{404,8}.100\%\approx6,6\%\)
Ta có: mdd sau pứ = mdd trước pứ + mct - mbay hơi, kết tủa
\(\Rightarrow\) mdd sau pứ = 400 + 5,4 - 0,6 = 404,8 (g)