ta có:
khi hai ca nô gặp nhau:
(V+v)t1+(V-v)t1=9
\(\Leftrightarrow2Vt_1=9\)
\(\Rightarrow t_1=\dfrac{9}{2V}\)
do thời gian di chuyển của hai ca nô cách nhau 1,5 giờ nên:
t2-t3=1,5
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(V+v\right)t_1}{V-v}-\dfrac{\left(V-v\right)t_1}{V+v}=1,5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{9\left(v+V\right)}{2V\left(V-v\right)}-\dfrac{9\left(V-v\right)}{2V\left(V+v\right)}=1,5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(V+v\right)^2-\left(V-v\right)^2}{\left(V-v\right)\left(V+v\right)}=\dfrac{V}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{V^2+2Vv+v^2-\left(v^2-2Vv+V^2\right)}{\left(V-v\right)\left(V+v\right)}=\dfrac{V}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{4v}{V^2-v^2}=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow12v=V^2-v^2\)
\(\Rightarrow V^2=12v+v^2\)
nếu đi với vận tốc là 2V:
(2V+v)t1+(2V-v)t1=9
\(\Leftrightarrow t_1=\dfrac{9}{4V}\)
do thời gian về của hai ca nô cách nhau 18' nên:
\(\dfrac{\left(2V+v\right)t_1}{2V-v}-\dfrac{\left(2V-v\right)t_1}{2V+v}=0,3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{8Vv}{4V^2-v^2}=\dfrac{2V}{15}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow60v=4V^2-v^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4V^2=60v+v^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4\left(12v+v^2\right)=60v+v^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3v^2-12v=0\)
\(\Rightarrow v=4\) km/h
\(\Rightarrow V=8\) km/h