a) \(4x^2-5x+1=4x^2-x-4x+1\)
\(=x\left(4x-1\right)-\left(4x-1\right)=\left(4x-1\right)\left(x-1\right)\)
b) \(7x-3x^2-2=-3x^2+7x-2\)
\(=-3x^2+x+6x-2=-x\left(3x-1\right)+2\left(3x-1\right)\)
\(=\left(3x-1\right)\left(-x+2\right)\)
c) \(x^2-6x+8=x^2-2x-4x+8\)
\(=x\left(x-2\right)-4\left(x-2\right)=\left(x-2\right)\left(x-4\right)\)
d) \(4x^2-4x+3=4x^2-2x-6x+3\)
\(=2x\left(2x-1\right)-3\left(2x-1\right)=\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x-3\right)\)
e) \(3x^2-8x+4=3x^2-6x-2x+4\)
\(=3x\left(x-2\right)-2\left(x-2\right)=\left(x-2\right)\left(3x-2\right)\)
f) \(x^2-21x+38=x^2-2x-19x+38\)
\(=x\left(x-2\right)-19\left(x-2\right)=\left(x-19\right)\left(x-2\right)\)