a)Khóa K mở:
CTM: \(\left(R_1//R_2\right)ntR_3\)
\(\dfrac{1}{R_{12}}=\dfrac{1}{R_1}+\dfrac{1}{R_2}=\dfrac{1}{20}+\dfrac{1}{30}=\dfrac{1}{12}\Rightarrow R_{12}=12\Omega\)
\(R_{tđ}=R_{12}+R_3=12+6=18\Omega\)
\(U_{MN}=R_{tđ}\cdot I=18\cdot1,5=27V\)
b)Khóa K đóng:
CTM: \(\left(R_1//R_2\right)nt\left(R_3//R_4\right)\)
\(R_{34}=\dfrac{R_3\cdot R_4}{R_3+R_4}=\dfrac{6\cdot6}{6+6}=3\Omega\)
\(R_{tđ}=R_{12}+R_{34}=12+3=15\Omega\)
\(I_{12}=I_{34}=I_{MN}=1,5A\)
\(U_{12}=R_{12}\cdot I_{12}=12\cdot1,5=18V\Rightarrow U_1=U_2=18V\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}I_1=\dfrac{U_1}{R_1}=\dfrac{18}{20}=0,9A\\I_2=\dfrac{U_2}{R_2}=\dfrac{18}{30}=0,6A\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(U_{34}=U_3=U_4\Rightarrow I_3=I_4=\dfrac{U_3}{R_3}=\dfrac{U_{MN}-U_{12}}{R_3}=\dfrac{27-18}{6}=1,5A\)