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công thức giúp mình với

Mệnh đề quan hệ (mệnh đề tính từ) dùng để bổ nghĩa cho danh từ đứng trước. Mệnh đề quan hệ được bắt đầu bằng các quan hệ từ:

a) Đại từ quan hệ (relative pronouns): Who, Whom, Which, Whose, That

1. WHO:

+ làm chủ từ (S) trong mệnh đề quan hệ

+ thay thế cho danh từ / đại từ chỉ người

Example:    

Mary is a girl. She is wearing a red hat.

            " Mary is the girl who is wearing a red hat.

 

2. WHICH:

  + làm chủ từ (S) hoặc túc từ (O) trong MĐQH

             + thay thế cho danh từ / đại từ chỉ vật

Example

a. The bike is very nice. I bought it last week.

 " The bike which I bought last week is very nice.

b. The book is mine. The book is on the table.

" The book which is on the table is mine.

 

3. WHOM:

+ làm túc từ (O) trong MĐQH

            + thay thế cho danh từ/đại từ chỉ người

  Example:                        

 Do you know the woman? I saw the woman on TV last night.

" Do you know the woman whom I saw on TV last night.

 

4. WHOSE:

+ chỉ sở hữu, dùng cho người hoặc vật

Example:   The man is very kind. I borrowed his pen.

                    " The man whose pen I borrowed is very kind.

          + thay thế cho: - sở hữu tính từ (my, your, our, their, his, her, its)

                                       - sở hữu cách (N's)

                                       - cấu trúc: of + N

            + sau WHOSE luôn luôn là danh từ (N)

 

5. THAT:

            + thay thế cho WHO, WHOM, WHICH

            + bắt buộc dùng THAT khi trước đó có 1 số từ: a few, a little, the only, the first, the last, cụm từ vừa có người lẫn vật (the man and the animals), so sánh nhất …

b) Trạng từ quan hệ (relative adverbs): When, Where, Why

1. WHEN:      + đứng sau danh từ chỉ thời gian: time, holiday, …

                        + Dùng “when” thì bỏ cụm trạng từ chỉ thời gian (at that time, then…)

Example:    Do you remember the time? We met each other at that time.

                        " Do you remember the time when we met each other?

 

2. WHERE:    + đứng sau danh từ chỉ nơi chốn: place, house, city, country …

                        + Dùng “where” thì bỏ cụm trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn (in that place, in that city, there…)

Example:    The house is very old. He was born and gew up in that house.

                   " The house where was born and gew up is very old.

 

3. WHY:         + đứng sau danh từ chỉ lý do: reason, cause …

                        + Dùng “why” thì bỏ cụm trạng từ chỉ lý do: for that reason           

II. Combine each pair of sentences into one, using relative pronouns / adverbs

 

25. I’ll show you the stadium. It was built two years ago.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

26. The English writer is Charles Dickens. I like to read his novels.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

27. Where are the students? The teacher is correcting their exercises.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

28. The street is very wide. It leads to my school.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

29. They ask about the athletes. We are looking at the pictures of the athletes.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

30. Swimming makes people strong. Swimming is a good sport.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

31. The car is very modern. Mr. Lam is driving the car.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

32. The girl is the secretary. You saw the girl at the desk.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

33. William is my uncle. I went fishing with William last Sunday.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

34. The girl is very beautiful. Her dress is red.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

35. The field is very fertile. They plant potatoes in the field.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

 

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II. Combine each pair of sentences into one, using relative pronouns / adverbs

11. My sister wants to speak to you. You met my sister yesterday.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

13. Shakespeare was born in a small cottage. Shakespeare is the world’s great dramatist.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

14. The man is a doctor. My parents bought the man’s house.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

15. The girl is Miss Van. She is carrying the red umbrella.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

18. The girl is my sweetheart. I understand her best.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

19. Lam Truong is a famous singer. I like his songs best.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

20. I don’t know the girl. You went with her yesterday.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

21. April Fool’s Day is the day. People play tricks on friends on that day.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

22. They are repainting the house. They bought it in June.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

23. My sister is trying to get a job. Her children are at school all day.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

24. Do you know the woman? We are sharing the flat with her son.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

25. I’ll show you the stadium. It was built two years ago.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

26. The English writer is Charles Dickens. I like to read his novels.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

27. Where are the students? The teacher is correcting their exercises.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

28. The street is very wide. It leads to my school.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

29. They ask about the athletes. We are looking at the pictures of the athletes.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

30. Swimming makes people strong. Swimming is a good sport.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

31. The car is very modern. Mr. Lam is driving the car.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

32. The girl is the secretary. You saw the girl at the desk.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

33. William is my uncle. I went fishing with William last Sunday.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

34. The girl is very beautiful. Her dress is red.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

35. The field is very fertile. They plant potatoes in the field.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………