a, Ta có phương trình cân bằng nhiệt
\(Q_{toả_1}=Q_{thu_1}\\ m_2c\Delta t=mc\Delta t\\ 4\left(60-t_{cb_1}\right)=2.\left(t_{cb_1}-20\right)\\ 240-4t_{cb_1}=mt_{cb_1}-40\\ mt_{cb_1}+4t_{cb_1}=240+20\\ \Rightarrow t_{cb_1}=\dfrac{240+20}{m+4}\left(1\right)\\ Q_{toả_2}=Q_{thu_2}\)
\(mc\left(t_{cb_1}-21,95\right)=\left(2-m\right).c.1,95\\
mt_{cb_1}-m21,95=3,9-1,95m\\
mt_{cb_1}=3,9+20m\\
t_{cb_1}=\dfrac{3,9+20m}{m}\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) Ta đc
\(\dfrac{240+20m}{m+4}=\dfrac{3,9+20m}{m}\\
240+20m^2=3,9m+20m^2+15,96+80m\\
\Rightarrow m\approx0,1\\
\Rightarrow t_{cb}=\dfrac{3,9+20.0,1}{0,1}=59^o\)
b,
\(Q_{toả}=Q_{thu}\\
4c\left(59-t_{cb}\right)=0,1c\left(t_{cb}-21,95\right)\\
\Rightarrow t_{cb}\approx58,1\)