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Các phiên bản khácUNIT 6- GENDER EQUALITY
Bình đẳng giới
I. Phonetics
Stress in two-syllable words: 'gender, 'equal, 'female, de'gree, en'roll, ...
1. Động từ có 2 âm tiết -> trọng âm thường rơi vào âm tiết thứ hai
Ví dụ: be'gin, for'give, in'vite, a'gree, …
Một số trường hợp ngoại lệ: 'answer, 'enter, 'happen, 'offer, 'open, 'visit…
2. Danh từ có 2 âm tiết -> trọng âm thường rơi vào âm tiết thứ nhất
Ví dụ: 'father, 'table, 'sister, 'office, '‘moutain…
Một số trường hợp ngoại lệ: ad'vice, ma'chine, mis'take, ho'tel.
* Chú ý: Một số từ 2 âm tiết sẽ có trọng âm khác nhau tùy thuộc vào từ loại.
Ví dụ: record, desert nếu là danh từ sẽ có trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ nhất nếu là danh từ: 'record; 'desert, rơi vào âm tiết thứ 2 khi là động từ: re'cord; de'sert…
3.Tính từ có 2 âm tiết -> trọng âm thường rơi vào âm tiết thứ nhất
Ví dụ: 'happy, 'busy, 'careful, 'lucky, 'healthy,…
Một số trường hợp ngoại lệ: a'lone, a'’mazed,…
4. Động từ ghép -> trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ hai
Ví dụ: be'come, under'stand, over'flow,…
5. Danh từ ghép: trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ nhất.
Ví dụ: 'doorman, 'greenhouse,…
6.Trọng âm rơi vào chính các âm tiết sau: sist, cur, vert, test, tain, tract, vent, self
Ví dụ: e'vent, con'tract, pro'test, per'sist, main'tain, her'self, o'cur…
7. Các từ kết thúc bằng các đuôi : how, what, where,…. thì trọng âm chính nhấn vào âm tiết 1:
Ví dụ:'anywhere,'somehow, 'somewhere ….
8. Các từ 2 âm tiết bắt đầu bằng A thì trọng âm nhấn vào âm tiết thứ 2 :
Ví dụ: a'bout, a'bove, a'gain, a'lone, a'like, a'go…
II. Grammar
The Passive voice with modals
can/could/ must/ may/might/ will/ would/ shall/should/ have to/ ought to + be + past participle |
Ex1: People will build a new hospital next week.
à A new hospital will be built next week.
Ex2: Nobody can solve the mystery.
à The mystery can’t be solved.
III. Vocabulary
Words and phrases related to gender equality:
1. address /əˈdres/v) = deal with: giải quyết
2. affect /əˈfekt/ (v) = influence: ảnh hưởng
3. caretaker /ˈkeəteɪkə(r)/ (n):người trông nom nhà
4. challenge /ˈtʃælɪndʒ/(n):thách thức
5. discrimination/dɪˌskrɪmɪˈneɪʃn/ (n): phân biệt đối xử
6. effective /ɪˈfektɪv/ (adj):có hiệu quả
7. eliminate /ɪˈlɪmɪneɪt/(v) = get rid of, remove: xóa bỏ
8. encourage /ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒ/ (v):động viên, khuyến khích ≠ discourage: làm chán nản
9. enrol /ɪnˈrəʊl/(v):đăng ký nhập học à enrolment /ɪnˈrəʊlmənt/(n): sự đăng ký nhập học
10. equal /ˈiːkwəl/ (adj):ngang bằng à equality /iˈkwɒləti/(n):ngang bằng, bình đẳng
≠ inequality /ˌɪnɪˈkwɒləti/(n): không bình đẳng
11. force /fɔːs/(v): bắt buộc, ép buộc
12. gender /ˈdʒendə(r)/ = sex (n): giới, giới tính
13. government/ˈɡʌvənmənt/(n): chính phủ
14. income /ˈɪnkʌm/(n):thu thập
15. limitation/ˌlɪmɪˈteɪʃn/ (n):hạn chế, giới hạn
16. loneliness /ˈləʊnlinəs/ (n):sự cô đơn
17. opportunity/ˌɒpəˈtjuːnəti/ = chance (n):cơ hội
18. personal /ˈpɜːsənl/(adj):cá nhân
19. progress /ˈprəʊɡres/ = advancement, improvement (n): tiến bộ
20. property /ˈprɒpəti/(n): tài sản
21. pursue/pəˈsjuː/ (v) = take up: theo đuổi
22. qualified /ˈkwɒlɪfaɪd/(adj): đủ khả năng/ năng lực
23. remarkable /rɪˈmɑːkəbl/ (adj):đáng chú ý, khác thường ≠ ordinary: thông thường
25. right /raɪt/ (n):quyền lợi
26. sue /suː/ (v): kiện
27. treatment/ˈtriːtmənt/(n): sự đối xử
28. violent /ˈvaɪələnt/ (adj): có tính bạo lực, hung dữ à violence/ˈvaɪələns/(n): bạo lực; dữ dội
29. wage/weɪdʒ/ (n) = salary, earnings: tiền lương
30. workforce /ˈwɜːkfɔːs/ (n): lực lượng lao động
IV. Exercises
Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others.
1. A. labor B. remarkable C. participate D. wage
2. A. discrimination B. elimination C. television D. instruction
Choose the word which has a different stress pattern from that of the others
3. A. treatment B. perform C. become D. complete
4. A. affect B. address C. challenge D. enroll
5. A. enrol B. rural C. allow D. prefer
Choose the best option (A, B, C or D) to complete each of the following sentences.
6. Not many people are aware ________male preference in this company.
A. of B. on C. about D. for
7. I do not think there is a real ________ between men and women at home as well as in society.
A. attitude B. value C. measurement D. equality
8. I don't think mothers should be discouraged ________ outside the home.
A. to work B. from working C. to working D. Working
9. The least equal country in the world for women, ranking 145th, was
A. attend B. enroll C. go D. tend
10. – Ann: “I believe gender discrimination in education starts at home because parents treat boys and girls differently.”
– Mary: “________.”
A. All right B. I don’t agree all C. I couldn’t agree more D. Sorry to interrupt you
11. Poor women in disadvantaged areas should ____ more help by governments.
A. offer B. be offered C. be offering D. offered
12. In most American families, parents have less influence________their children than parents in other parts of the world.
A. in B. on C. to D. with
13. True gender equality ________ when both men and women reach a balance between work and family.
A. can achieve B. can be achieved C. should achieve D. should be achieve
14. A lot of things need to be done ________ gender equality in education, employment and healthcare.
A. promoting B. in promoting C. for promoting D. to promote
15. Gender discrimination must ________so as to create a better society.
A. eliminate B. be eliminated C. be eliminating D. eliminated
16.We all need to cooperate to fight________ racism and gender discrimination.
A. for B. against C. in D. about
17. The women in this company have been demanding equal pay________ equal work.
A. against B. on C. for D. with
18. The entire
A. see B. can see C. is seeing D. can be seen
19. More and more men are now working in jobs that used to be considered ________for women only.
A. suitably B. suitable C. suited D. suitability
20. Women’s salaries are getting more important ________ their household income.
A. at B. to C. in D. within
21. Gender ________ is not only a fundamental human right, but a necessary foundation for a peaceful, prosperous and sustainable world.
A. equity B. unity C. equality D. identity
22. Anna: “Which gender, do you think, works harder: male or female?
Betty: “________”
A. I think it depends on individuals rather than gender.
B. Males like high position jobs more than females.
C. Females prefer to have a stable job.
D. Both males and females are responsible for childcare.
23. In the past, some parents have a ________ for boys over girl.
A. equality B. importance C. enrolment D. preference
24. This company can ________ for wage discrimination among workers of different genders.
A. be sued B. be suing C. sue D. sued
25. Fathers tend to________ more household chores and responsibilities than ever before.
A. take up B. take in C. take off D. take on
Choose the word that is CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word in the following question:
26.We should encourage women to join more social activities.
A. prevent B. stimulate C. permit D. forbid
27. Our government has done a lot to eliminate gender inequality.
A. add B. allow C. cause D. remove
28. If women have to do too much housework, they cannot concentrate or work effectively.
A. learn B. distract C. focus D. ignore
Choose the word that is OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word in the following question:
29. The gender gap in primary education has been eliminated.
A. variety B. inconsistency C. difference D. similarity
30. The
A. insignificant B. impressive C. notable D. incredible
31. Men and women equally gain first class degrees.
A. acquire B. lose C. achieve D. obtain
Choose the underlined part that need correction in the following questions:
32. Gender discrimination should be eliminated to create equal opportunities in educational for
A B C
everyone.
D
33. Some people think that girls shouldn’t be allowed to going to university.
A B C D
34. "Gender equality and women's empowerment are fundamental to the global mission of the
A B
United Nations to achieving equal rights and dignity for all." - Ban Ki-moon
C D
35. A new supermarket is going to build in my city next year.
A B C D
A. Today, more and more women are actively (36)____ in social activities both in urban and rural areas. Specifically, they have shined brightly in even many fields commonly regarded (37)____the man's areas such as business, scientific research and social management. In some areas, women even show more overwhelming power than men. The (38)____ of contemporary Vietnamese women with creativeness, dynamism, success has become popular in
36. A. enrolling B. pursuing C. working D. participating
37. A. like B. on C. as D. with
38. A. part B. image C. ability D. dream
39. A. narrowed B. widened C. broadened D. opened
40. A. succeed B. success C. successive D. successful
Read the following passage and choose the correct answer to each of the following questions
Women in Families
Role reversal has not really become popular. Couples who swap roles are still few and far between. Is that because women are better at rearing children? Or are men just afraid to resist tradition?
The isolation was the worst thing, said Andrew Timpson, who left teaching to take care of his home and children for two and a half years.
The idea of swapping roles - for the father to stay at home while mum goes out to work - is still a relatively new one. In the 70s it sounded like a great idea. Let the newly liberated women make progress with her career while the New Man stays at home and takes care of the house and children.
Now, 10 years or so later, it seems as if we were a little premature. A recent report by the Family Policy Studies Center concludes: "Despite important social changes, particularly greater female employment, it is still women in families who undertake the great bulk of house-work, cooking, child-care and taking care of elderly relatives - The much hyped New Man remains a rare species. Certainly some would argue that a man cannot replace a mother - that mum is the natural homemaker, while dad is the provider. Some men might give help with shopping and cooking, but most would do little more. Some men even believe that doing housework is an insult to their masculinity. Others, like Andrew, want to stay at home - but with reservations. Andrew, who is now about to return to work, says, "I don't know that I could have continued doing it for the rest of my life. I enjoyed it, but I do want to support my family and I do want to work. I thought I could handle being dependent on Maureen, but it proved to be tough for both of us." Maureen says, "I've got a job I really love. Continuing working has allowed me to fulfill my potential."
For many couples who swap roles, traditional attitudes are a major problem. Frank and Joan Roberts found that they were confronted with strong views when Frank left his job to look after Michael, five, while Joan continued with her career. Frank says, "It is not socially acceptable where we live. People here are reared to believe that the man goes out to work and woman stays at home."
41. According to the passage, couples who change roles has been________.
A. still rare B. very popular C. popular D. not happened
42. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Women should not go out to work because they are better rearing children.
B. Men don't want to change roles because they are traditionally weak.
C. Andrew Timpson left teaching to take care of his home and children for two and a half year.
D. Fathers have to stay at home to take care of their children because they are no longer the provider.
43. The Family Policy Studies Center concluded that________.
A. at present, women still do most of the housework
B. many women change their traditional roles, because there are many jobs created for them
C. the men stay at home to take care of the house and children
D. A and C are correct
44. In the last paragraph, Frank and Joan Roberts were confronted with strong views because________.
A. Frank went out to work and Joan Roberts looked after her child
B. both of them went out to work
C. Frank was unable to look after his child
D. Frank left his job to look after his child, while his wife went on with her career.
45. The word “ swap” in the passage most nearly means________.
A. improve B. make better C. share D. change
46. Choose the best expression to replace the phrase “fulfill my potential” in the passage.
A. fulfill myself B. improve myself C. improve my potential D. gain success
47. The word “major” in the passage most nearly means________.
A. big B. primary C. important D. best
48. Frank said that________.
A. his society encourages men to stay at home to look after children
B. men where he lives are brought up to do the housework
C. it is very common for women to go out to work where he lives
D. his society does not accept the fact that women go out to work while men stay at home
49. The word “resist” in the passage most nearly means________.
A. follow B. oppose C. eliminate D. realize
50. The topic of this paragraph might be________.
A. stay-at-home fathers B. stay-at-home mothers
C. taking care of children D. women's careers
Writing:
Rewrite the following sentences, using the cues provided:
51. You mustn’t use this machine after 5.30p.m.
à This machine ................................................................
52. People can exchange travellers’cheques at most banks.
à Travellers’cheques .......................................................
53. We should keep the flowers in a warm sunny place.
à The flowers ..................................................................
54. They can buy toothpaste at the drug store.
à Toothpaste ...................................................................
55. You should pay your bill before you leave the hotel.
à Your bill ......................................................................
--The end--
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