It took hundreds of thousands of years for the world population to grow to 1 billion people . However, in just another two centuries, it grew sevenfold. You know, in 2011, the total population of the world reached 7 billion. And today, it's about 7.5 billion. Tokyo, with 37.8 million residents, continues to be the largest city in the world in terms of populationAdvances in modern medicine are the main cause of this drama growth in the world population. It helps the birth rates increase and the death rates decline. The second contributor is the improvement in living standards. This leads to the rise of global lifespan, from 64.8 years in the early 1990s to 70.0 years today. Last but not least, the number of women of reproductive age is increasing day by day.However, the rapid population growth can lead to the shortage in medical and educational facilities and services. The population grows fast so the demand for energy also increases.Therefore, energy shortages are also a big problem. In addition, air, water and land pollution caused by growing population in big cities has bad effects on people's health.
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Firstly, new inventions in medicine now enable us to cure the most deadly diseases and people seem to live longer. Secondly, people don't know how to control the population, especially in the countryside. They don't use any method of birth control and they don't know how to use it. Thirdly, thanks to the development of science and the help of technology, the birth rate is increasing. This is certainly a reason to be proud and happy but it is also a cause of overpopulation. Due to overpopulation, there is a high level of human activity like more travel, more vehicles, more release of sewage, etc. These issues will lead to pollution. People live in overcrowded blocks of flats with noise and the shortage of water. Every day, they have to wait a long line at the bus stops but it is not easy to get a seat on overcrowded buses. The next disadvantage is overcrowded schools which don't have enough playing grounds or study aids for students. Moreover, the larger the population is, the higher the demand for natural resources like water, land, and forests, etc. is. I think the best way to solve overpopulation is through birth control. Birth control may be the policies that limit couples to only one or two children and encourage family planning. Vietnamese government has tried to change the culture of valuing boys over girls which is especially believed by the elderly in the countryside. Therefore, couples don't need to have more children when they don't have a son. There are also family planning classes for couples to raise awareness of family planning
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