Bài 12. Tích phân

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datcoder

Tính các tích phân sau:

a) \(\int\limits^{2\pi}_0\left(2x+\cos x\right)dx;\)                   b) \(\int\limits^2_1\left(3^x-\dfrac{3}{x}\right)dx;\)                     c) \(\int\limits^{\dfrac{\pi}{3}}\left(\dfrac{1}{\cos^2x}-\dfrac{1}{\sin^2x}\right)_{\dfrac{\pi}{6}}dx\).

datcoder
27 tháng 10 lúc 17:38

a) \(\int\limits_0^{2\pi } {\left( {2x + \cos x} \right)dx}  = 2\int\limits_0^{2\pi } {xdx}  + \int\limits_0^{2\pi } {\cos xdx}  = 2.\frac{{{x^2}}}{2}\left| \begin{array}{l}2\pi \\0\end{array} \right. + \sin x\left| \begin{array}{l}2\pi \\0\end{array} \right.\)

\( = {\left( {2\pi } \right)^2} - 0 + \sin 2\pi  - \sin 0 = 4{\pi ^2}\)

b) \(\int\limits_1^2 {\left( {{3^x} - \frac{3}{x}} \right)dx}  = \int\limits_1^2 {{3^x}dx}  - 3\int\limits_1^2 {\frac{1}{x}dx}  = \frac{{{3^x}}}{{\ln 3}}\left| \begin{array}{l}2\\1\end{array} \right. - 3\ln \left| x \right|\left| \begin{array}{l}2\\1\end{array} \right. = \frac{1}{{\ln 3}}\left( {{3^2} - {3^1}} \right) - 3\ln 2 + 3\ln 1\)

\( = \frac{6}{{\ln 3}} - 3\ln 2\)

c) \(\int\limits_{\frac{\pi }{6}}^{\frac{\pi }{3}} {\left( {\frac{1}{{{{\cos }^2}x}} - \frac{1}{{{{\sin }^2}x}}} \right)dx}  = \int\limits_{\frac{\pi }{6}}^{\frac{\pi }{3}} {\frac{1}{{{{\cos }^2}x}}dx}  - \int\limits_{\frac{\pi }{6}}^{\frac{\pi }{3}} {\frac{1}{{{{\sin }^2}x}}dx = \tan x\left| \begin{array}{l}\frac{\pi }{3}\\\frac{\pi }{6}\end{array} \right. + \cot x\left| \begin{array}{l}\frac{\pi }{3}\\\frac{\pi }{6}\end{array} \right.} \)

\( = \tan \frac{\pi }{3} - \tan \frac{\pi }{6} + \cot \frac{\pi }{3} - \cot \frac{\pi }{6} = \sqrt 3  - \frac{{\sqrt 3 }}{3} + \frac{{\sqrt 3 }}{3} - \sqrt 3  = 0\)