Fill in the blanK: living in a modern World may have its advantages but it(1)............. has its disadvantages that one disadvantages of the modern way of life which stands(2)............. from the rest is the negative influence cars have(3)............. The environment. Today, all developed societies face a(4)........... range of problems Caused by cars and(5).........vehicles. These include air and noise pollution,(6)...........traffic and the ever growing numbers in f roads in our cities. Major cities around the world face considerable environmental damage (7)............ of this and are in need of serious measures to reverse this trend.
How did we end (8)..........with such a problem? There are no simple answers(9)............. this question and no serious effort has been made to find either.it is about (10)...........,however, that our generation got serious (11)...........this issue. People must be willing to stand (12).......... environmental groups and make any effort necessary to change the situation. Many Environmentalists Believe that we could help by using our(13)......sense. Car poolling for instance could be a solution to the problem.this simple program calls for people to share their cars with fellow workers to and from work got a lot of interest has been shown (14).......car poolling and other more ambitious programmes are plan for the future
Read the passage below then answer the questions.
"Bun bo Hue" or "bun bo" is a popular Vietnamese soup containing rice vermicelli and beef . Hue is a city in central Vietnam associated with the cooking style of the former royal court . The dish is greatly admired for its balance of spicy , sour , salty and sweet flavors and the predominant flavor is that of lemongrass .
" Bun Bo Hue " originated from Hue , a former capital of Vietnam. Outside the city of Hue and some parts of Centrsl Vietnam , it is called " bun bo hue " to denote its origin. Within Hue and surrounding cities, it is known simply as bún bò. The broth is prepared by simmering beef bones and beef shank with lemongrass and then seasoned with fermented shrimp sauce and sugar for taste. Very spicy chili oil is added later during the cooking process.
Bun bo usually includes thin slices of marinated and boiled beef shank, chunks of oxtail, and pig's knuckles. It can also include cubes of congealed pig blood, which has a color between dark brown and maroon, and a texture resembling firm tofu.
1. What does " Bun bo Hue " contain ?
2. Where did it originate from ?
3. How is the broth prepared ?
4. Is spicy chili oil added before the cooking process ?
Read the passage below then answer the questions.
"Bun bo Hue" or "bun bo" is a popular Vietnamese soup containing rice vermicelli and beef . Hue is a city in central Vietnam associated with the cooking style of the former royal court . The dish is greatly admired for its balance of spicy , sour , salty and sweet flavors and the predominant flavor is that of lemongrass .
" Bun Bo Hue " originated from Hue , a former capital of Vietnam. Outside the city of Hue and some parts of Centrsl Vietnam , it is called " bun bo hue " to denote its origin. Within Hue and surrounding cities, it is known simply as bún bò. The broth is prepared by simmering beef bones and beef shank with lemongrass and then seasoned with fermented shrimp sauce and sugar for taste. Very spicy chili oil is added later during the cooking process.
Bun bo usually includes thin slices of marinated and boiled beef shank, chunks of oxtail, and pig's knuckles. It can also include cubes of congealed pig blood, which has a color between dark brown and maroon, and a texture resembling firm tofu.
1. What does " Bun bo Hue " contain ?
2. Where did it originate from ?
3. How is the broth prepared ?
4. Is spicy chili oil added before the cooking process ?
I. Put one suitable word in each gap in the following text.
Enjoyment is what drinking wine is all about. However, the more you know, …………… (1) easier it becomes to select the right wines for you or your guests. Wine is basically grape juice to …………… (2) yeast has been added causing it to ferment and produce alcohol. Alcohol is flavourless, so there must be something more …………… (3) wine than this. Many of the secrets of wine lie within the grape. Its pulp is a sugar solution which contains the things that give a wine its fruity flavour. In a dry wine, most of a grape’s sugar has been converted …………… (4) alcohol. In a sweet one, more sugar is left. This can be felt on the …………… (5) of the tongue. The pulp also contains acidity which gives the wine ‘’crispness’’ that makes the mouth water. Too much …………… (6) it can make you wince, too little and the wine could taste dull. The skin contains flavour and tannin. Tannin produces a tingling sensation in the gums and gives a wine firmness. White grapes have their skins removed before fermentation so tannin is only really found in red wines. The pulp of black and white grapes is …………… (7) same pale colour. The fact that the skins of black grapes are left on …………… (8) the wine is fermented gives red wine its colour. The wines which are often considered to be the best are …………… (9) where all the elements balance one another. There are many grape varieties grown in many climates which influence the emphasis given to these features and this is …………… (10) wines can be so wonderfully different.
Every drop of water in the ocean, even in the deepest parts, responds to the forces that create the tides. No other force that affects the sea is so strong. Compared with the tides, the waves created by the wind are surface movements feltno more than a hundred fathoms below the surface. The currents also seldom involve more than the upper several hundred fathoms despite their impressive sweep.
The tides are a response of the waters of the ocean to the pull of the Moon and the more distant Sun. In theory, there is a gravitational attraction between the water and even the outermost star of the universe. In reality, however, the pull of remote stars is so slight as to be obliterated by the control of the Moon and, to a lesser extent, the Sun. Just as the Moon rises later each day by fifty minutes, on the average, so, in most places, the time of high tide iscorrespondingly later each day. And as the Moon waxes and wanes in its monthly cycle, so the height of the tide varies. The tidal movements are strongest when the Moon is a sliver in the sky, and when it is full. These are the highest flood tides and the lowest ebb tides of the lunar month and are called the spring tides. At these times, the Sun, Moon, and Earth are nearly in line and the pull of the two heavenly bodies is added together to bring the water high on the beaches, to send its surf upward against the sea cliffs, and to draw a high tide into the harbors. Twice each month, at the quarters of the Moon, when the Sun, Moon, and Earth lie at the apexes of a triangular configuration and the pull of the Sun and Moon are opposed, the moderate tidal movements called neap tides occur. Then the difference between high and low water is less than at any other time during the month.
Choose A, B, C, or D
1. The main point of the first paragraph is ...
A. The wave created by ocean currents are very large
B. Despite the strength of the wind, it only moves surface water
C. Deep ocean water is seldom affected by forces that move water
D. The tides are the most powerful force to affect the movement of ocean water
2. The word "In reality" in the third sentence of the second paragraph is closest in meaning to
A. Surprisingly
B. Actually
C. Characteristically
D. Similarly
3. According to the passage, the most vital factor in recognizing how much gravitational effect one object in space has on the tides is
A. Size
B. Distance
C. Temperature
D. Density
4. In the ninth sentence of the second paragraph, the word "configuration" is closest in meaning to
A. Unit
B. Center
C. Surface
D. Arrangement
5. Neap tides occur when
A. The sun counteracts the moon's gravitational attraction
B. The moon is full
C. The moon is farthest from the sun
D. Waves created by the wind combine with the moon's gravitational attraction
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There are many varieties of spider in the American Southwest, but none receives more respect than the western black widow, Latrodectus Hesperus. This poisonous spider, also called the “hour-glass” or “shoe-button” spider for the shape of the red markings on its abdomen, produces a venom 15 times more powerful than that of a rattlesnake. However, few deaths can be blamed on this insect because bites are rare and only a small amount of poison enters the body.
The female adult black widow may reach a length of 1 ¼ inches, while the smaller male averages ¼ inch long. The adult female has a shiny black bulb-shaped abdomen, which distinguishes it from the male of the species. The male is generally brown with red and white markings on its flat underside.
The female adult deposits its eggs in specially constructed sacs that hold from 50 to 250 eggs. The tiny pale spiderlings hatch within a few months and gradually develop into adults in one to two years. Some females live up to three years. The male does not fare so well, as it sometimes suffers the fate of being consumed by the female after the summer mating season.
1. What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. Varieties of spider in the southwestern U.S.
B. Characteristics of Latrodectus Hesperus
C. Poisonous animals of the American Southwest
D. the abdomens of black widow spiders
2. It can be inferred from the passage that rattlesnakes
A. cause more deaths than black widows
B. do not have markings on their bodies
C. are limited in geographical range
D. have more powerful venom than black widows
3. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as a difference between a male and female black widow?
A. Its body length B. The shape of its body
C. The potency of its venom D. Its life span
4. In line 7, the word “underside” refers to
A. the portion of the head closest to the ground
B. the legs C. the upper back D. the abdomen
5. According to the passage, the maturation of baby black widow spiders occurs
A. very rapidly B. over a couple of years
C. within several months D. during the summer mating season
Exercise 13
Read the following passage and choose the most appropriate answer from A,B,C or D to answer questions.
There are many varieties of spider in the American Southwest, but none receives more respect than the western black widow, Latrodectus Hesperus. This poisonous spider, also called the “hour-glass” or “shoe-button” spider for the shape of the red markings on its abdomen, produces a venom 15 times more powerful than that of a rattlesnake. However, few deaths can be blamed on this insect because bites are rare and only a small amount of poison enters the body.
The female adult black widow may reach a length of 1 ¼ inches, while the smaller male averages ¼ inch long. The adult female has a shiny black bulb-shaped abdomen, which distinguishes it from the male of the species. The male is generally brown with red and white markings on its flat underside.
The female adult deposits its eggs in specially constructed sacs that hold from 50 to 250 eggs. The tiny pale spiderlings hatch within a few months and gradually develop into adults in one to two years. Some females live up to three years. The male does not fare so well, as it sometimes suffers the fate of being consumed by the female after the summer mating season.
1. What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. Varieties of spider in the southwestern U.S.
B. Characteristics of Latrodectus Hesperus
C. Poisonous animals of the American Southwest
D. the abdomens of black widow spiders
2. It can be inferred from the passage that rattlesnakes
A. cause more deaths than black widows
B. do not have markings on their bodies
C. are limited in geographical range
D. have more powerful venom than black widows
3. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as a difference between a male and female black widow?
A. Its body length B. The shape of its body
C. The potency of its venom D. Its life span
4. In line 7, the word “underside” refers to
A. the portion of the head closest to the ground
B. the legs C. the upper back D. the abdomen
5. According to the passage, the maturation of baby black widow spiders occurs
A. very rapidly B. over a couple of years
C. within several months D. during the summer mating season
The weather is not beautiful all of the time. Perhaps you can remember a day when bad weather made you afraid. One kind of bad weather that scares many people is called a thunderstorm. This is what happens when there is a thunderstorm. First, you see a sudden flash of bright light. A few seconds later you hear a loud rumbling sound. This quick flash is called lightning and the loud sound is called thunder. Lightning is colorful , but it can cause serious problems. Lightning is electricity that is moving very rapidly. It may be moving between a cloud and the ground, between two clouds, or between two parts of the same cloud. The lightning heats the air around it. This hot air expands, or get bigger, and it causes the air to move in waves. The air waves pass you in a series, one after another. For this reason, you may hear many rumbles and not just one sound.
____ 29/ Lightning may move between a cloud and the ground.
____ 30/ Thunder is a very bright light in a thunderstorm.
____ 31/ When you hear thunder you may hear a series of loud sounds and not one
big sound. This is because the air waves pass one after another.
____ 32/ Lightning always moves rapidly.