1. x2 - 2xy + y2 - ( y + 1 )2 = ( x - y )2 - ( y + 1)2
= \(\left[\left(x-y\right)-\left(y+1\right)\right]\left[\left(x-y\right)+\left(y+1\right)\right]\)
= (x-2y-1) ( x +1 )
5. x6 - y6 = (x3)2 - (y3)2
= ( x3 - y3 ) ( x3 + y3 )
=\(\left[\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)\right]\left[\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)\right]\)