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By the mid-nineteenth century, the term icebox had entered the American language, but ice was still only beginning to affect the diet of ordinary citizens in the United States. The ice trade grew with the growth of cities. Ice was used in hotels, taverns, and hospitals, and by some forward- looking city dealers in fresh meat, fresh fish, and butter. After the Civil War(1861-1865), as ice was used to refrigerate freight cars, it also came into household use. Even before 1880, half the ice sold in...
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By the mid-nineteenth century, the term "icebox" had entered the American language, but ice was still only beginning to affect the diet of ordinary citizens in the United States. The ice trade grew with the growth of cities. Ice was used in hotels, taverns, and hospitals, and by some forward- looking city dealers in fresh meat, fresh fish, and butter. After the Civil War(1861-1865), as ice was used to refrigerate freight cars, it also came into household use. Even before 1880, half the ice sold in New York, Philadelphia, and Baltimore, and one-third of that sold in Boston and Chicago, went to families for their own use. This had become possible because a new household convenience, the
icebox, a precursor of the modern refrigerator, had been invented. Making an efficient ice box was not as easy as we might now suppose. In the early nineteenth century, the knowledge of the physics of heat, which was essential to a science of refrigeration, was rudimentary. The commonsense notion that the best icebox was one that prevented the ice from melting was of course mistaken, for it was the melting of the ice that performed the cooling. Nevertheless, early efforts to economize ice included wrapping the ice in blankets, which kept the ice from doing its job. Not until near the end of the nineteenth century did inventors achieve the delicate balance of insulation and circulation needed for an efficient icebox.
But as early as 1803, an ingenious Maryland farmer, Thomas Moore, had been on the right track. He owned a farm about twenty miles outside the city of Washington, forwhich the village of Georgetown was the market center. When he used an icebox of his own design to transport his butter to market, he found that customers would pass up the rapidly melting stuff in the tubs of his competitors to pay a premium price for his butter, still fresh and hard in neat, one-pound bricks. One advantage of his icebox, Moore explained, was that farmers would no longer have to travel to market at night in order to keep their produce cool.
1. The phrase "forward-looking" in line 3 is closest in meaning to .
A. progressive B. popular C. thrifty D. well-established
2.The author mentions fish in line 5 because .
A. many fish dealers also sold ice
B. fish was shipped in refrigerated freight cars
C. fish dealers were among the early commercial users of ice
D. fish was not part of the ordinary person's diet before the invention of the icebox
3. The word "it" in line 5 refers to .
A. fresh meat
B. the Civil War
C. ice
D. a refrigerator
4. The word "rudimentary" in line 10 is closest in meaning to .
A. growing B. undeveloped C. necessary D. uninteresting
5. The author describes Thomas Moore as having been "on the right track" to indicate that
A. the road to the market passed close to Moore's farm
B. Moore was an honest merchant
C. Moore was a prosperous farmer
D. Moore's design was fairly successful
6. According to the passage, Moore's icebox allowed him to .
A. charge more for his butter B. travel to market at night
C. manufacture butter more quickly D. produce ice all year round
7. According to the information in the second paragraph, an ideal icebox would ...................... .
A. completely prevent ice from melting B. stop air from circulating
C. allow ice to melt slowly D. use blankets to conserve ice
MỌI NGƯỜI LÀM VÀ TRÍCH TẠI SAO NHƯ THẾ NHÉ
EM XIN CẢM ƠN
By the mid-nineteenth century, the term icebox had entered the American language, but ice was still only beginning to affect the diet of ordinary citizens in the United States. The ice trade grew with the growth of cities. Ice was used in hotels, taverns, and hospitals, and by some forward- looking city dealers in fresh meat, fresh fish, and butter. After the Civil War(1861-1865), as ice was used to refrigerate freight cars, it also came into household use. Even before 1880, half the ice sold in...
Đọc tiếp
By the mid-nineteenth century, the term "icebox" had entered the American language, but ice was still only beginning to affect the diet of ordinary citizens in the United States. The ice trade grew with the growth of cities. Ice was used in hotels, taverns, and hospitals, and by some forward- looking city dealers in fresh meat, fresh fish, and butter. After the Civil War(1861-1865), as ice was used to refrigerate freight cars, it also came into household use. Even before 1880, half the ice sold in New York, Philadelphia, and Baltimore, and one-third of that sold in Boston and Chicago, went to families for their own use. This had become possible because a new household convenience, the
icebox, a precursor of the modern refrigerator, had been invented. Making an efficient ice box was not as easy as we might now suppose. In the early nineteenth century, the knowledge of the physics of heat, which was essential to a science of refrigeration, was rudimentary. The commonsense notion that the best icebox was one that prevented the ice from melting was of course mistaken, for it was the melting of the ice that performed the cooling. Nevertheless, early efforts to economize ice included wrapping the ice in blankets, which kept the ice from doing its job. Not until near the end of the nineteenth century did inventors achieve the delicate balance of insulation and circulation needed for an efficient icebox.
But as early as 1803, an ingenious Maryland farmer, Thomas Moore, had been on the right track. He owned a farm about twenty miles outside the city of Washington, forwhich the village of Georgetown was the market center. When he used an icebox of his own design to transport his butter to market, he found that customers would pass up the rapidly melting stuff in the tubs of his competitors to pay a premium price for his butter, still fresh and hard in neat, one-pound bricks. One advantage of his icebox, Moore explained, was that farmers would no longer have to travel to market at night in order to keep their produce cool.
1. The phrase "forward-looking" in line 3 is closest in meaning to .
A. progressive B. popular C. thrifty D. well-established
2.The author mentions fish in line 5 because .
A. many fish dealers also sold ice
B. fish was shipped in refrigerated freight cars
C. fish dealers were among the early commercial users of ice
D. fish was not part of the ordinary person's diet before the invention of the icebox
3. The word "it" in line 5 refers to .
A. fresh meat
B. the Civil War
C. ice
D. a refrigerator
4. The word "rudimentary" in line 10 is closest in meaning to .
A. growing B. undeveloped C. necessary D. uninteresting
5. The author describes Thomas Moore as having been "on the right track" to indicate that
A. the road to the market passed close to Moore's farm
B. Moore was an honest merchant
C. Moore was a prosperous farmer
D. Moore's design was fairly successful
6. According to the passage, Moore's icebox allowed him to .
A. charge more for his butter B. travel to market at night
C. manufacture butter more quickly D. produce ice all year round
7. According to the information in the second paragraph, an ideal icebox would ...................... .
A. completely prevent ice from melting B. stop air from circulating
C. allow ice to melt slowly D. use blankets to conserve ice
MỌI NGƯỜI LÀM VÀ TRÍCH TẠI SAO NHƯ THẾ NHÉ
EM XIN CẢM ƠN
PART VII: (2.0 pts) Read the following passage and circle the answers A, B, C or D which is most accurate according to the information given in the passage.
In order to help solve the problem of pollution, people have to be aware of its causes, some of which are quite obvious in everyday life. In many cities people are forced to breathe in polluted air, commonly known as smog, which is a mixture of gases sent out by car exhausts and factory chimneys. What can be done to reduce air pollution is...
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PART VII: (2.0 pts) Read the following passage and circle the answers A, B, C or D which is most accurate according to the information given in the passage.
In order to help solve the problem of pollution, people have to be aware of its causes, some of which are quite obvious in everyday life. In many cities people are forced to breathe in polluted air, commonly known as smog, which is a mixture of gases sent out by car exhausts and factory chimneys. What can be done to reduce air pollution is to remove factories from cities and use lead-free petrol in cars.
The pollution of rivers, lakes and seas leads to the death of the creatures that live in them. Factories are largely responsible for the present situation, which is expected to worsen if governments do not make them to obey the law against pollution and punish industries which pollute water.
Finally, all over the world, especially in cities, we see huge amounts of rubbish in the streets, which we are responsible for. The rubbish collection system often does not work properly and people themselves add to the problem by dropping litter in the streets. There is so much we could do to help solve the problem. The point is how willing are we to do something about it?
1. In order to help solve the problem of pollution,
A people need to know what causes it.
B people don’t need to know what causes it.
C people have to do something immediately.
D people don’t need to do anything about it.
2. Smog is caused by
A cars only
B factories only.
C cars and factories.
D air
3. The pollution of rivers, lakes and seas is largely caused by
A car exhausts.
B lead-free petrol in cars.
C factories.
D creatures.
4. Which of the following is NOT true?
A People add to the problem of pollution by collecting rubbish.
B People add to the problem of pollution by dropping litter.
C Huge amounts of rubbish in the cities cause pollution.
D We are responsible for huge amounts of rubbish in the cities.
5. The opposite of the word properly in the passage is
A unproperly B disproperly
C improperly D inproperly
PART VII: (2.0 pts) Read the following passage and circle the answers A, B, C or D which is most accurate according to the information given in the passage.
In order to help solve the problem of pollution, people have to be aware of its causes, some of which are quite obvious in everyday life. In many cities people are forced to breathe in polluted air, commonly known as smog, which is a mixture of gases sent out by car exhausts and factory chimneys. What can be done to reduce air pollution is...
Đọc tiếp
PART VII: (2.0 pts) Read the following passage and circle the answers A, B, C or D which is most accurate according to the information given in the passage.
In order to help solve the problem of pollution, people have to be aware of its causes, some of which are quite obvious in everyday life. In many cities people are forced to breathe in polluted air, commonly known as smog, which is a mixture of gases sent out by car exhausts and factory chimneys. What can be done to reduce air pollution is to remove factories from cities and use lead-free petrol in cars.
The pollution of rivers, lakes and seas leads to the death of the creatures that live in them. Factories are largely responsible for the present situation, which is expected to worsen if governments do not make them to obey the law against pollution and punish industries which pollute water.
Finally, all over the world, especially in cities, we see huge amounts of rubbish in the streets, which we are responsible for. The rubbish collection system often does not work properly and people themselves add to the problem by dropping litter in the streets. There is so much we could do to help solve the problem. The point is how willing are we to do something about it?
1. In order to help solve the problem of pollution,
A people need to know what causes it.
B people don’t need to know what causes it.
C people have to do something immediately.
D people don’t need to do anything about it.
2. Smog is caused by
A cars only
B factories only.
C cars and factories.
D air
3. The pollution of rivers, lakes and seas is largely caused by
A car exhausts.
B lead-free petrol in cars.
C factories.
D creatures.
4. Which of the following is NOT true?
A People add to the problem of pollution by collecting rubbish.
B People add to the problem of pollution by dropping litter.
C Huge amounts of rubbish in the cities cause pollution.
D We are responsible for huge amounts of rubbish in the cities.
5. The opposite of the word properly in the passage is
A unproperly B disproperly
C improperly D inproperly
2 tháng 11 2018 lúc 20:04
Rivers are on of the world most important natural resources. Many cities are on the large rivers , and ........................ every country has a least one river that ................. an important part in the lives of its people . Besides transportation , rivers ......... water for crops , engineers sometimes build a dam ........ to irrigate fields but also to make electricity for homes and industries . ............... the water often becomes polluted when cities on river bank grow .............
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Rivers are on of the world most important natural resources. Many cities are on the large rivers , and ........................ every country has a least one river that ................. an important part in the lives of its people . Besides transportation , rivers ......... water for crops , engineers sometimes build a dam ........ to irrigate fields but also to make electricity for homes and industries . ............... the water often becomes polluted when cities on river bank grow .............. and the number of industries increases . We are learning that it is necessary to ......... rivers clean if we want to enjoy the benefits of the natural resources
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2. Fill in the missing word.
1. There is a lack…….clear information about GM food.
2. If we don’t find renewable sources of energy, we will end……with serious problems.
3. We are……danger of losing many wild flowers because of the use of chemical sprays.
4. If you have breathing problems, you must give….smoking.
5. Positive changes, however small, …….a difference to the environment.
6. Many children who live in polluted cities suffer………asthma.
7. The new factory will be built……..condition t...
Đọc tiếp
2. Fill in the missing word.
1. There is a lack…….clear information about GM food.
2. If we don’t find renewable sources of energy, we will end……with serious problems.
3. We are……danger of losing many wild flowers because of the use of chemical sprays.
4. If you have breathing problems, you must give….smoking.
5. Positive changes, however small, …….a difference to the environment.
6. Many children who live in polluted cities suffer………asthma.
7. The new factory will be built……..condition that it disposes of its waste responsibly.
8. By the end of May we will have………working on the project for two years.
9. We must take care of the earth now,……else future generations will suffer.
10. Try to cut................... on the amount of paper you use in the office.
III, Read the passage carefully then answer the questions below it:EARTHQUAKESOne of the worst things can happen on our earth is an earthquake. When earthquakes happen near large cities, man people may be killed and many buildings are knocked down. Fires may start and do more damage than the quake itself.Earthquakes come from a shaking of the rocks under the surface of the earth. Forces within the push against the rocks until they break. Sometimes, the earth above the break will split open.We ca...
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III, Read the passage carefully then answer the questions below it:
EARTHQUAKES
One of the worst things can happen on our earth is an earthquake. When earthquakes happen near large cities, man people may be killed and many buildings are knocked down. Fires may start and do more damage than the quake itself.
Earthquakes come from a shaking of the rocks under the surface of the earth. Forces within the push against the rocks until they break. Sometimes, the earth above the break will split open.
We cannot tell when an earthquake is coming. But we do know the places on the earth where they happen most often. Much damage is stopped by building stronger buildings in these places.
As many as a million earthquakes may happen in a year. But most of them do no damage, for they happen under the sea.
❔Questions:
1. Where do earthquakes come from?
2. How can we minimize the damage done by earthquakes?
3. How many earthquakes may happen a year?
4. What makes the rocks break?
5. Why are most earthquakes harmless?
Exercise 2: Choose the word or phrase in each of the following sentences that needs correcting.
31. I asked (A) him how far was it (B) it was to the station if(C) I went there by taxi(D).
32. All of (A) my students wondered (B) how many(C) people lived in Tokyo? (D)
33. They asked me that (if/whether) (A) I could (B) do the(C) shopping for (D) them.
34. Her mother ordered (A) her do not go (not to go) (B) out with him(C) the night before (D).
35. The traffic warden (A) asked me (B)...
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Exercise 2: Choose the word or phrase in each of the following sentences that needs correcting. 31. I asked (A) him how far was it (B) it was to the station if(C) I went there by taxi(D). 32. All of (A) my students wondered (B) how many(C) people lived in Tokyo? (D) 33. They asked me that (if/whether) (A) I could (B) do the(C) shopping for (D) them. 34. Her mother ordered (A) her do not go (not to go) (B) out with him(C) the night before (D). 35. The traffic warden (A) asked me (B) why had I (I had) parked(C) my car there (D). 36. He said that(A) he will (would) pick(B) me up at(C) 8 am the following(D) day. 37. She said (A) that the books in(B) the library would be(C) available tomorrow(D).the following day 38. He advised (A) her thinking (to think) about (B) that example again(C) because it needed correcting (D). 39. The (A) receptionist said I must(B) (had to)fill out that form(C) before I attended(D) the interview. 40. Marty said a(A) good friendship is (was) (B) like a diamond(C) – valuable, beautiful and durable(D).
I. Fill in the blank with the correct form of the word
1. What is the correct .............. of this word (pronounce)
2. Last week we have an ........... summer holiday ( enjoy)
3. The ............ of the project made me tense ( important)
4. You had better do some........... for the final exam ( revise)
5. ....................., her illness was more serious than we thought ( fortunate)
II. Fill in each gap with a suitable word to complete th following passage
Rivers are one of the worlds...
Đọc tiếp
I. Fill in the blank with the correct form of the word
1. What is the correct .............. of this word (pronounce)
2. Last week we have an ........... summer holiday ( enjoy)
3. The ............ of the project made me tense ( important)
4. You had better do some........... for the final exam ( revise)
5. ....................., her illness was more serious than we thought ( fortunate)
II. Fill in each gap with a suitable word to complete th following passage
Rivers are one of the world's most important natural resources . Many cities are on the large rivers, and (1)......... every country has a least one river that (2)............. an important part in the lives of its people . Beside transportation, rivers (3).......... water for crops, water to drink , and re creation for people who live along their (4).............. And in (5)............ to get water for crops , engineers sometimes build a dam (6) a river and let water become a lake behind the dam . Then people can use their water not (7)........ irrigate fields but also to make eletricity for homes and industries. (8)........ the water often becomes polluted when cities river bank grow (9) ............ and the number of industries increases. We are learning that it is necessary to (10) ....... rivers clean if we want to enjoy the benefits of the natural resources.