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PAPER RECYCLING
A Paper is different from other waste produce because it comes from a sustainable resource: trees. Unlike the minerals and oil used to make plastics and metals, trees are replaceable. Paper is also biodegradable, so it does not pose as much threat to the environment when it is discarded. While 45 out of every 100 tonnes of wood fibre used to make paper in Australia comes from waste paper, the rest comes directly from virgin fibre from forests and plantations. By world...
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PAPER RECYCLINGA Paper is different from other waste produce because it comes from a sustainable resource: trees. Unlike the minerals and oil used to make plastics and metals, trees are replaceable. Paper is also biodegradable, so it does not pose as much threat to the environment when it is discarded. While 45 out of every 100 tonnes of wood fibre used to make paper in Australia comes from waste paper, the rest comes directly from virgin fibre from forests and plantations. By world standards, this is a good performance since the worldwide average is 33 percent waste paper. Governments have encouraged waste paper collection and sorting schemes and at the same time, the paper industry has responded by developing new recycling technologies that have paved the way for even greater utilization of used fibre. As a result, industry’s use of recycled fibres is expected to increase at twice the rate of virgin fibre over the coming years.
B Already, waste paper constitutes 70% of paper used for packaging and advances in the technology required to remove ink from the paper have allowed a higher recycled content in newsprint and writing paper. To achieve the benefits of recycling, the community must also contribute. We need to accept a change in the quality of paper products; for example, stationery may be less white and of a rougher texture. There also needs to support from the community for waste paper collection programs. Not only do we need to make the paper available to collectors but it also needs to be separated into different types and sorted from contaminants such as staples, paperclips, string and other miscellaneous items.
C There are technical limitations to the amount of paper which can be recycled and some paper products cannot be collected for re-use. These include paper in the form of books and permanent records, photographic paper and paper which is badly contaminated. The four most common sources of paper for recycling are factories and retail stores which gather large amounts of packaging material in which goods are delivered, also offices which have unwanted business documents and computer output, paper converters and printers and lastly households which discard newspapers and packaging material. The paper manufacturer pays a price for the paper and may also incur the collection cost.
D Once collected, the paper has to be sorted by hand by people trained to recognise various types of paper. This is necessary because some types of paper can only be made from particular kinds of recycled fibre. The sorted paper then has to be repulped or mixed with water and broken down into its individual fibres. This mixture is called stock and may contain a wide variety of contaminating materials, particularly if it is made from mixed waste paper which has had little sorting. Various machineries are used to remove other materials from the stock. After passing through the repulping process, the fibres from printed waste paper are grey in colour because the printing ink has soaked into the individual fibres. This recycled material can only be used in products where the grey colour does not matter, such as cardboard boxes but if the grey colour is not acceptable, the fibres must be de-inked. This involves adding chemicals such as caustic soda or other alkalis, soaps and detergents, water-hardening agents such as calcium chloride, frothing agents and bleaching agents. Before the recycled fibres can be made into paper they must be refined or treated in such a way that they bond together.
E Most paper products must contain some virgin fibre as well as recycled fibres and unlike glass, paper cannot be recycled indefinitely. Most paper is down-cycled which means that a product made from recycled paper is of an inferior quality to the original paper. Recycling paper is beneficial in that it saves some of the energy, labour and capital that go into producing virgin pulp. However, recycling requires the use of fossil fuel, a non-renewable energy source, to collect the waste paper from the community and to process it to produce new paper. And the recycling process still creates emissions which require treatment before they can be disposed of safely. Nevertheless, paper recycling is an important economical and environmental practice but one which must be carried out in a rational and viable manner for it to be useful to both industry and the community.
i. Process of paper recycling
ii. Less threat of waste paper to the environment
iii. Collection of paper for recycling
iv. Sources of paper for recycling
v. Bad sides of paper recycling
vi. Contribution of community to recycling paper
Your answer:
1. Paragraph A .......................
2. Paragraph B .......................
3. Paragraph C .......................
4. Paragraph D .......................
5. Paragraph E .......................
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PAPER RECYCLING
A Paper is different from other waste produce because it comes from a sustainable resource: trees. Unlike the minerals and oil used to make plastics and metals, trees are replaceable. Paper is also biodegradable, so it does not pose as much threat to the environment when it is discarded. While 45 out of every 100 tonnes of wood fibre used to make paper in Australia comes from waste paper, the rest comes directly from virgin fibre from forests and plantations...
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Giúp mình đc ko mng
PAPER RECYCLING
A Paper is different from other waste produce because it comes from a sustainable resource: trees. Unlike the minerals and oil used to make plastics and metals, trees are replaceable. Paper is also biodegradable, so it does not pose as much threat to the environment when it is discarded. While 45 out of every 100 tonnes of wood fibre used to make paper in Australia comes from waste paper, the rest comes directly from virgin fibre from forests and plantations. By world standards, this is a good performance since the worldwide average is 33 percent waste paper. Governments have encouraged waste paper collection and sorting schemes and at the same time, the paper industry has responded by developing new recycling technologies that have paved the way for even greater utilization of used fibre. As a result, industry’s use of recycled fibres is expected to increase at twice the rate of virgin fibre over the coming years.
B Already, waste paper constitutes 70% of paper used for packaging and advances in the technology required to remove ink from the paper have allowed a higher recycled content in newsprint and writing paper. To achieve the benefits of recycling, the community must also contribute. We need to accept a change in the quality of paper products; for example, stationery may be less white and of a rougher texture. There also needs to support from the community for waste paper collection programs. Not only do we need to make the paper available to collectors but it also needs to be separated into different types and sorted from contaminants such as staples, paperclips, string and other miscellaneous items.
C There are technical limitations to the amount of paper which can be recycled and some paper products cannot be collected for re-use. These include paper in the form of books and permanent records, photographic paper and paper which is badly contaminated. The four most common sources of paper for recycling are factories and retail stores which gather large amounts of packaging material in which goods are delivered, also offices which have unwanted business documents and computer output, paper converters and printers and lastly households which discard newspapers and packaging material. The paper manufacturer pays a price for the paper and may also incur the collection cost.
D Once collected, the paper has to be sorted by hand by people trained to recognise various types of paper. This is necessary because some types of paper can only be made from particular kinds of recycled fibre. The sorted paper then has to be repulped or mixed with water and broken down into its individual fibres. This mixture is called stock and may contain a wide variety of contaminating materials, particularly if it is made from mixed waste paper which has had little sorting. Various machineries are used to remove other materials from the stock. After passing through the repulping process, the fibres from printed waste paper are grey in colour because the printing ink has soaked into the individual fibres. This recycled material can only be used in products where the grey colour does not matter, such as cardboard boxes but if the grey colour is not acceptable, the fibres must be de-inked. This involves adding chemicals such as caustic soda or other alkalis, soaps and detergents, water-hardening agents such as calcium chloride, frothing agents and bleaching agents. Before the recycled fibres can be made into paper they must be refined or treated in such a way that they bond together.
E Most paper products must contain some virgin fibre as well as recycled fibres and unlike glass, paper cannot be recycled indefinitely. Most paper is down-cycled which means that a product made from recycled paper is of an inferior quality to the original paper. Recycling paper is beneficial in that it saves some of the energy, labour and capital that go into producing virgin pulp. However, recycling requires the use of fossil fuel, a non-renewable energy source, to collect the waste paper from the community and to process it to produce new paper. And the recycling process still creates emissions which require treatment before they can be disposed of safely. Nevertheless, paper recycling is an important economical and environmental practice but one which must be carried out in a rational and viable manner for it to be useful to both industry and the community.
i. Preocess of paper recycling
ii. Less threat of waste paper to the environment
iii. Collection of paper for recycling
iv. Sources of paper for recycling
v. Bad sides of paper recycling
vi. Contribution of community to recycling paper
Your answer:
1. Paragraph A .......................
2. Paragraph B .......................
3. Paragraph C .......................
4. Paragraph D .......................
5. Paragraph E .......................
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Choose the word or phrase ( A, B , C or D) that best fits each space in the following passage. Write A, B , C or D in the space.
Enjoy some great computer facts and interesting information about these(1) devices which play such an important role in our modern day lives. Learn about parts of the computer such as the RAM, ROM and CPU as well as fun info about how we use computers to make our lives (2) and more enjoyable.
Early electronic computers, developed ar...
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Làm ơn giúp e với ạ, e cảm ơn !!
Choose the word or phrase ( A, B , C or D) that best fits each space in the following passage. Write A, B , C or D in the space.
Enjoy some great computer facts and interesting information about these(1) devices which play such an important role in our modern day lives. Learn about parts of the computer such as the RAM, ROM and CPU as well as fun info about how we use computers to make our lives (2) and more enjoyable.
Early electronic computers, developed around the 1940’s, were the size of a large room and consumed huge amounts of (3). They were vastly different to the modern computers we use today, especially when compared to small and portable laptop computers. Computers (4) to carry out instructions. These instructions are usually very simple and require adding numbers together, moving data from one place (5) another etc. A computer program can include as little as a few instructions to upwards of millions of instructions depending on the complexity of the program. Modern (6) such as word processors, web browsers and graphic editors take large teams of programmers a long time to complete.
A computer’s memory stores numbers in huge amounts of cells that are addressed and can be quickly (7) by the CPU to perform calculations. There are two main types of computer memory, ROM (read only memory) and RAM (random access memory). ROM contains pre-written software and data that the CPU can only read, while RAM can be accessed and written to at any time. Computers interact (8) a number of different I/O (input/output) devices to exchange information. These peripheral devices include the keyboard, mouse, display, hard drive, printer and more.
Computers are used to help link the world in the form of networks. Networked computers allow users to share and exchange data that is stored in different locations. You may have heard of a local area network (LAN) or wide area network (WAN) (9) connects areas of various sizes. The Internet is a vast network of computers spanning the globe (10) allows users to access email, the World Wide Web and other applications. Although we normally think of computers as the ones we use in our everyday lives to surf the web, write documents etc, small computers are also embedded into other things such as mobile phones, toys, microwaves and MP3 players. We use computers all the time, often without even knowing it!
1.A. amazed B. amazing C. amazingly D. amaze
2.A. easier B. more easier C. much easy D. a lot easy
3.A. elect B. electrical C. electrically D. electricity
4.A. progammed B. are programmed C. program D. are programming
5.A. on B. for C. to D. about
6.A. applications B. application C. apply D. applied
7.A. acceses B. accessed C. accessing D. accessory
8.A. on B. for C. to D. with
9.A. whose B. who C. which D. whom
10.A. whose B. who C. that D. whom
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word or phrase that is CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined part in each of the following questions.
Câu 22: As a brilliant and mature student with a rare gift of concentration, Marie harbored the dream of a scientific career which was impossible for a woman at that time.
A. full-grown B. tall C. well-known D. old
Câu 23: But I like English best because its an impo...
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Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word or phrase that is CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined part in each of the following questions.
Câu 22: As a brilliant and mature student with a rare gift of concentration, Marie harbored the dream of a scientific career which was impossible for a woman at that time.
A. full-grown B. tall C. well-known D. old
Câu 23: But I like English best because it's an important means of international communication.
A. need B. want C. wish D. enjoy
1. The club has member fro many diferrent cultural.......
A. nations B. features C. maners D. backgrounds
2. Get off the bus.......it stops.
A. so quick as B. so fast as C. so soon as D. as soon as
3. Todays top sports people receive a lot.......money in the past.
A. much B. many C. more D. most
4. People arent working because it is a holiday. The children..........go to school either.
A. dont have to B. mustnt C. dont...
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1. The club has member fro many diferrent cultural.......
A. nations B. features C. maners D. backgrounds
2. Get off the bus.......it stops.
A. so quick as B. so fast as C. so soon as D. as soon as
3. Today's top sports people receive a lot.......money in the past.\
A. much B. many C. more D. most
4. People aren't working because it is a holiday. The children..........go to school either.
A. don't have to B. mustn't C. don't D. haven't to
5. Having been delayed by heavy traffic, ____
A. it was difficult for her to arrive on time
B. her being late was intolerable
C. it was impossible for her to arrive on time
D. she was unable to arrive on time
6. ____, methane can be used as a fuel
A. It is produced by the fermentation of organic matter
B. The fermentation of organic matter isproduce
C. The production by fermentation of organic matter
D. Produced by the fermentation of organic matter
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5. Having been delayed by heavy traffic, ____
A. it was difficult for her to arrive on time
B. her being late was intolerable
C. it was impossible for her to arrive on time
D. she was unable to arrive on time
6. ____, methane can be used as a fuel
A. It is produced by the fermentation of organic matter
B. The fermentation of organic matter isproduce
C. The production by fermentation of organic matter
D. Produced by the fermentation of organic matter
Ex.5. Rewrite the sentences so that they mean exactly the same as the sentences before them, using the words in the brackets.
1. Shes never been to a pottery museum before. (first time)
_________
2. The accident made it impossible for her to work. (since)
______
3. Its been two days since Alice saw Tom. (yet)
_______
•4. Im not hungry. I ate something on my way home. (already)
_______
5. Youve missed the bus. It left two minutes ago. (just)
_______
6. I remember coming to this restaurant last ye...
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Ex.5. Rewrite the sentences so that they mean exactly the same as the sentences before them, using the words in the brackets. 1. She's never been to a pottery museum before. (first time) _________ 2. The accident made it impossible for her to work. (since) ______ 3. It's been two days since Alice saw Tom. (yet) _______ •4. I'm not hungry. I ate something on my way home. (already) _______ 5. You've missed the bus. It left two minutes ago. (just) _______ 6. I remember coming to this restaurant last year. (before) _______ 7. Is this your first time at the opera? (ever) ______ 8. You're too late. The film began at half past nine. (already) ______ 9. The last time I had a cold was in October. (since) ______ 10. Carlos took up a new hobby two days ago. (recently) _______
I'd recommend you to buy the green blouse because it is almost ____ price as the other one you tried on, but ___ green actually suits you
A. far more - well
B. similar - as good
C. as much - the best
D. the same - better
Câu 40: By next June my elder brother will have been working as a programmer for two years.
A. My elder brother used to work as a programmer for two years.
B. My elder brother has been working as a programmer for two years.
C. My elder brother is working as a programmer at the moment.
D. My elder brother will be working as a programmer for another two years.
Câu 41: Although he was very tired, he agreed to help me with my homework.
A. Tired though he was, but he agreed to help me with my homewor...
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Câu 40: By next June my elder brother will have been working as a programmer for two years.
A. My elder brother used to work as a programmer for two years.
B. My elder brother has been working as a programmer for two years.
C. My elder brother is working as a programmer at the moment.
D. My elder brother will be working as a programmer for another two years.
Câu 41: Although he was very tired, he agreed to help me with my homework.
A. Tired though he was, but he agreed to help me with my homework.
B. Tired as he was, he agreed to help me with my homework.
C. As tired as was he, he agreed to help me with my homework.
D. Despite being very tired, but he agreed to help me with my homework.
Câu 42: No one in our club can speak English as fluently as Mai.
A. Mai speaks English as fluently as other people in our club.
B. Mai is the worst English speaker in our club.
C. Mai speaks English the most fluently in our club.
D. Mai speaks English more fluently than no one in our club.