a) $Mg + 2HCl \to MgCl_2 + H_2$
$n_{MgCl_2} = \dfrac{4,75}{95} = 0,05(mol)$
$n_{HCl} = 2n_{MgCl_2} = 0,1(mol)$
$m_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{0,1.36,5}{14,6\%} = 25(gam)$
$\Rightarrow V_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{25}{1,12} = 22,32(ml)$
b) $n_{Mg} = n_{H_2} = n_{MgCl_2} = 0,05(mol)$
$\Rightarrow m_{dd\ sau\ pư} = 0,05.24 + 25 - 0,05.2 = 26,1(gam)$
$C\%_{HCl} = \dfrac{4,75}{26,1}.100\% = 18,2\%$