Khối lượng dung dịch tăng = m hỗn hợp kim loại - m khí H2 thoát ra
\(\Rightarrow\Delta m=m_{hh\left(kl\right)}-m_{H2}\)
\(\Rightarrow10,2=m_{hh\left(kl\right)}-m_{H2}\rightarrow m_{hh\left(kl\right)}=10,2+m_{H2}\)
Bảo toàn mol H \(\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=2n_{H2}\)
Áp dụng BTKL:
\(m_{hh\left(kl\right)}+36,5.n_{HCl}=39,4+2.n_{H2}\)
\(\Rightarrow10,2+m_{H2}+36,5.2.n_{H2}=39,4+2.n_{H2}\)
\(\Rightarrow10,2+2.n_{H2}+36,5.2.n_{H2}=39,4+2.n_{H2}\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{H2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H2}=0,4.2=0,8\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{hh\left(kl\right)}=10,2+0,8=11\left(g\right)\)
Gọi số mol Al, Fe lần lượt là x;y
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
Ta có HPT:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27x+56y=11\\1,5x+y=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\left(mol\right)\\y=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Al}=\frac{5,4}{11}.100\%=49,1\%\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Fe}=100\%-49,1\%=50,9\%\)
