Give the correct form of the words in brackets.
1. I have little.....of going abroad this year. (EXPECT)
1. expectation
2. swimming
3. writing
4. odorous
5. service
6.attentively
7. troublesome
8. noticeable
9. fixings
10. unforgiveable
11. argument
12. appearance
15. inconvenience
III. Give the correct form of the words in brackets.
1. I have little of going abroad this year. (EXPECT)
2. Almost everybody is interested in . (SWIM)
3. Don’t make mistakes in your next . (WRITE)
4. Water in an liquid. (ODOUR)
5. The banks in this city are very efficient and give a speedy . (SERVE)
6. She always listens to what she is told. (ATTENTION)
7. In his family, he is a child. (TROUBLE)
8. There has been a improvement in her writing. (NOTICE)
9. The price of the house includes many existing and fittings. (FIX)
10. It was of me to mislead you like that. (FORGIVE)
11. They were arguing with each other. They had a strong . (AGREEMENT)
12. No one knew what had happened to the film star. Her sudden remains a mystery. (APPEAR)
13. We had not been properly informed. What we have is some . (INFORMATION)
14. Was the decision of the judge fair? If not, it was an obvious . (JUSTICE)
15. I don’t want to bother you by causing you any unnecessary . (CONVENIENCE)
1. The mountain is the highest mountain in Great Britain. It is called Ben Nevis.
2. I sent you a postcard. It was written on the summit of Ben Nevis.
3. I need to meet the boy. The boy is my friend’s son.
4. The house belongs to me. Its roof is very old.
5. I live in a city. I study in this city.
6. The bar in Barcelona is still there. I met my wife in that bar.
7. I remembered the man. I had seen him at the concert.
8. We visited the town. We were born there.
9. She was greatly influenced by her father. She adored h im.
10. I met a man. He had just lost his job.
11. You need something. I will give you that.
12. We got into a train. I was crowded.
13. The officer has informed the police. His car was stolen.
14. The man betrayed me. I trusted him.
15. The boy was very happy. He won a prize.
16. Give me the book. The book is on the table.
17. The boys came late. They were punished.
18. They caught the man. He was a thief.
19. The roof of the house was damaged. The house has now been repaired.
20. The book is about a lawyer. He is accused of murder.
21. We heard the song. It shocked many people.
I met a friend last week. Her daughter is an astrologist
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The perception of today’s youngsters as media-savvy cynics could hardly be further from the truth. Instead, this
generation of keen consumers may turn witty advertising into an endangered species. Julia Day reports
The youth of today are cynical, media-savvy, seen it all, done it all, wouldn’t-be-seen-dead-in-the-T-shirt types
who appreciate only the most achingly trendy adverts, TV shows and magazines, right? Wrong: that was so last generation.
Today’s youngsters don’t “get” clever ads, are not in the least suspicious of commercials ercials, don’t know the difference between newspapers’ political stances, or TV channels, and they don’t mind admitting it. In short, they are not half as media, marketing and advertising literate as we might have thought, according to new research
commissioned by five media groups – Guardian Newspapers, Channel 4, Carlton Screen Advertising, media buying
agency OMD, and Emap Advertising.
As a result media companies and advertisers are going back to basics to arouse the interest of 15- to 24-year-olds with instant impact messages, plain product pictures, bigger posters, annoying jingles, celebrity endorsements and repetitive ads. Today’s youth are a far cry from today’s thirtysomethings who grew up as commercially-naive kids weaned on the cold war, no national commercial radio, three national TV stations, grant-funded higher education, sponsorship-free Glastonbury festivals and regular strikes and student protests.
Now a lifetime of MTV, the internet, dawn-till-dusk advertising and PlayStation gaming has created a generation
so used to being bombarded with fast-turnover information, they filter it instantly without paying much attention to its meaning. This is a generation of “thoroughbred consumers” says Stuart Armon, managing director of 2cv: research, the company that conducted the so-called Roar research into the media habits of the nation’s youth. “Previous generations were suspicious of advertising, they might have liked ads, but they wouldn’t necessarily buy the product. But this generation has been consuming since they were born. They don’t see any reason to be suspicious,” says Armon.
One young panellist in the focus group research embodied this attitude: “If the advert is good, you think their
product will be good because the more they can spend on advertising, the more money they are obviously getting for
their product.” Armon says the trend has become more pronounced over the seven years that the continuous tracking
study has been running, but has reached a peak in the latest round of interviews with 600 youngsters.
“Advertising is accepted and expected. Young people don’t see anything wrong in being sold to and think that if a product is in a TV ad, it must be good. It’s a myth that they are interested in clever ads – they are not willing to decipher complicated mmessages, they want simple ones.” Many panellists dramatically illustrated this point by revealing they thought Budweiser’s “Real American Heroes” ad, ironically celebrating “Mr foot-long hot dog inventor”, was an ad for hot dogs rather than beer, even though the ad might not be aimed at them.
However, many loved Heineken’s ironic ad featuring Paul Daniels singing Close to You, purely because it made
them laugh. “They are looking for an instant message. If it’s not there, they don’t take any notice. And they literally,
and naively, believe celebrities in ads really use the products they are advertising,” says Armon. A girl panellist from Birmingham commented: “In some of the Nike ads they’ve got all these well-known footballers. You think, ‘Oh my God, they’ve got everybody famous there.’ You think it must be good if they want it.”
The youngsters only read newspapers for the celebrity gossip and sport, rather than news, and couldn’t distinguish between papers’ political stances. They also failed to distinguish between TV channels – they access TV through programmes, not channels, for example watching Sky because The Simpsons is on, not because it’s Sky.
The results of the research deeply worry Sid McGrath, planner at the ad agency that made the infamous “You’ve
been Tango’ed” ads, HHCL and Partners. But they do not surprise him. “My worry is that the youth of today are not
being called upon to flex their intellectual muscles enough,” he says.
“There is instant gratification everywhere – in food it’s Pot Noodles or vending machines, even their pop icons are one-dimensional figures delivered on a plate. Young people are living vicariously through other people’s lives and are not asking for much at the moment. A lot of stimulation is ‘lean back’ – it doesn’t require as much involvement as it used to.”
He says advertising is changing as a result: “Lots of the most popular ads at the moment are happy, clappy, fun.
Easy to digest. They’ve got notice or inclination to decode ads.” One reason behind the shift, McGrath believes, is that young people want relief from the traumas of real life: “Advertising is becoming the opium of the masses rather
than the educator.”
16. Research shows that, compared with the previous generation, young people today are _____.
A. less perceptive B. more sensitive C. more worldly-wise D. better informed
17. In paragraph 3, the word ‘stances’ is closest in meaning to which of the following?
A. attitudes B. situations C. functions D. places
18. According to new research by five media groups, today’s youngsters are _____.
A. able to understand the language of advertising
B. unable to ‘read’ the messages in the many forms of advertising
C. bright enough to do some research before buying something
D. a bit wary of adverts
19. Advertisements aimed at the present young generation _____.
A. are using a variety of new techniques B. are technologically sophisticated
C. are making use of old techniques D. are becoming more subtle
20. It can be inferred that celebrity endorsements are advertisements _____.
A. that show viewers how to become famous
B. that famous people like watching
C. where famous people say they use and like certain products
D. where viewers are invited to take part in a phone-in progra e
21. Young people seem to believe that costly advertising _____.
A. makes no difference to the popularity of the product B. is the mark of a good quality product
C. means the product is probably overpriced D. does not inspire customer confidence
22. According to Stuart Armon, youngsters today pay more attention to an advert _____.
A. if its message is i ediately obvious B. if it is on their favorite TV channel
C. if it gives them something to think about D. if it has a witty element
23. Sid McGrath is concerned that young people these days _____.
A. are encouraged to eat too much B. are given too many choices
C. are not required to drink D. do not get enough exercise
24. The author uses the phrase ‘living vicariously’ in the penultimate paragraph to mean that young people _____.
A. want to become more sophisticated than other people
B. do not imitate people around the
C. do not rely on their own feeling or senses to understand the world around the
D. want to be independent of other people
25. According to McGrath, many advertisements today are adapting to satisfy youngsters’ desire to _____.
A. understand their problems B. see the funny side of their problems
C. forget their problems D. find solutions to their problems
BÀI 2:
There was nothing unusual about Wellington Street, or so I thought as I was growing up. The cobbled street, one
of four identical streets next to each other, was calm, apart from the occasional sound of raised voices from the pub on the corner. Everybody said hello to each other, although rarely much more than that. It was the kind of street that in the past had covered the whole of the north-west of England, affordable housing for the workers, the kind of street that used to be the heart of a community. Now it was a relic, unchanged while the modern world went on around it.
The first time I got a sense that my childhood world was not going to remain the same forever was when a letter
arrived from the local council saying that a meeting was being held locally to discuss the development of the area. I
remember wondering why areas had to be developed and I asked my father. He said that people just liked changing
things for the sake of it but my mum interrupted him and explained that the houses needed modernizing. Even then I
could see this as another move in their ongoing argument about money and location. Mum, with her keen sense of
social position and always very aware of what the neighbours thought, wanted to move into a better house, which Dad took to mean a more expensive house.
The evening of the meeting came around and my dad and I went along. It had already started when we got there
and one of the councilors was trying to explain the plans, although the general reaction from the audience was far from positive. I don’t remember the details, but I remember some shouting, until finally one of our neighbours stood up and said that he wasn’t giving his permission for any of it. I remember the councilor saying then, ‘We don’t need permission. We’re telling you, not asking you.’
The mood when we got home was tense. Although she tried to hide it, I think Mum was secretly quite pleased.
Dad sat and frowned at the TV for a while, before Mum brought him a cup of tea. I was surprised when it was he who broke the silence after a minute or two and said, ‘There are one or two nice places up around Ladybride.’ Mum said nothing. She just sipped her tea and looked at me and smiled.
46. The writer describes the street as a place where _____.
A. people felt they were part of a co unity B. people resisted the fast pace of motion life
C. everyone quietly got on with their own life D. everyone could afford their own house
47. Streets of this kind had been built in the past because they were _____.
A. comfortable B. long-lasting C. traditional D. cheap
48. What did the writer NOT understand when the letter arrived?
A. why things had to change B. why his parents were arguing
C. who had organised the meeting D. where they were going to live next
49. Why didn’t the writer’s father want to move house?
A. He knew why the area had to be developed.
B. He didn’t understand why they wanted to change things.
C. He didn’t want to live in a modern house.
D. It would cost them more.
50. Why did the mother’s mother want to move house?
A. She liked to impress other people. B. She didn’t like the neighbours.
C. She knew it would annoy the writer’s father. D. She thought the local council would help.
51. During the meeting, most people were _____.
A. shocked by what they learned B. unhappy about the proposals
C. sympathetic to the councilor D. confused by the explanation
52. Why was the writer surprised by what his father said?
A. He knew that his father was watching television.
B. He thought that it would upset his mother.
C. He knew that what his father said was wrong.
D. He thought his mother would have made the suggestion.
53. According to the passage, who would make a final decision on the development of the area?
A. People in the area B. The councilors C. Home owners D. The writer’s father
54. What would be the most suitable title for this extract?
A. An unhappy childhood B. A difficult marriage C. The wrong decision D. Changing times
55. It can be inferred from the passage that _____.
A. people at the meeting supported the plan to develop the area
B. everybody in the area wanted to modernize their house
C. the writer said that he didn’t give permission for the development
D. the writer’s father finally agreed to move the house
II. Read the following passage anf fill in the blanks with suitable words.
Language is a (1) .......of communication so each nation has its own (2).......However some nation have the same language. According (3)......the speakers' use of language, it is called the first, second or (4).......language. Among the languages used by most people in the (5)......is English. This doesn't mean that English is (6).....by greater number of speakers (7)........any other languages, for it is easily outnumberes by Chinese in this respect. However it is (8)........most international of languae because it provides ready access to the world scholarship and world trade. That is the (9)........why millions (10)....men and women try to master it.
III. Read the passage below and write T next to the true sentence; write F next to the false one
A LANGUAGE EVERYONE KNOWS
There is one language we all speak, no matter what country we live in; the language of numbers.
The language of numbers is called MATHEMATICS. You are learning it in school now. The simplest kind is called ARITHMATIC. In high school and college you will learnnother kind of mathematics. To help all of us with mathematics, machine have been invented. They let us do problems faster and with fewer mistake. We know that the abacus or countingboard was first of these machines. It was invented many thousands of years ago, but it is still being used in China, Japan and other countries. Today, computers are used all over the world. These computers seem to think. Of courae, they reallydon't. They do only what people tell them to do. But they do it much better and faster than a person. Inside m acomputer may look very confusing to you. But the people who run it know just what to do. They can make a computer store up facts and give them to other people. They can make it slove hard problems and help us to live better. Like people all over theo world, these machines speak the same language : NUMBERS
1. ....... The simplest kind of mathemaitcs is Arithmetics
2. ....... In high school and college you will learn arithmetic.
3. .......Machines do problems faster than men.
4. .......The counting board is no longer being used in the world.
5. .......Computers were invented a thousand years ago.
Choose the best option to complete each of the following sentences :
1. Passover is celebrated in Israel by all _________ people.
A. English B. Vietnamese
C. Japanese D. Jewish
2. He has now been formally _________ as presidential candidate.
A. Pointed B. Regarded
C. Received D. Nominated
3. Last night, we came to the show late _________the traffic was terrible.
A. Although B. Despite
C. And D. Because
4. The people _______ live in Greece speak Greek.
A. Whose B. Who
B. Whom D. When
5. ________ he likes chocolate, he tries not to eat it.
A. As B. Although
C. Since D. Despite
6. Easter is a joyful festival ________ is celebrated in many countries.
A. Who B. Which
C. When D. Whose
7. Peter, ________ can compose many pieces of music, sings very well.
A. Which B. Whom
C. Who D. Whose
8. We are so proud _______ her for telling the truth.
A. In B. With
C. Of C. At
9. Ha is not satisfied _________ her preparations for Tet.
A. With B. Of
C. To D. At
10. Let me congratulate you________ your nomination.
A. To B. At
C. With D. On
11. It is nice _______ you to say do.
A. In B. On
C. If D. At
12. What _______ you go if you had a car ?
A. Would B. Have
C. Will D. Did
13. He is the most ________ activist in the town.
A. Affect B. Effective
D. Effectiviely D. Effectiveness
14. I am the boy _______ is wearing a white T-shirt.
A. Which B. Who
C. Whom D. Whose
Give the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
1. I suggest ________ a taxi ( take )
2. If the Earth gets warmer, the sea _________ warmerb ( get )
3. What will you do if you ________ the final examination ? ( pass )
4. What about _________ to work by bus. ( go )
5. Tuan has been _________ as the most effective activist in the town. ( nominate )
6. Tell me the reason for ________ the Father's Day. ( celebrate )
7. I want ________ my English. ( improve )
8. Passover ________ by all Jewish people. ( celebrate )
Give the correct preposition to each gap
1. Tet is a festival which occurs _______ late January or early February.
2. Family members who live apart try to be together ________ Tet.
3. I congratulate Susan _______ passing her exam.
4. I'm always proud _______ my father and love father and love him so much.
5. The school has taken part _________ the festival since 1997.
6. If you're not satisfied _______ your essay, I suggest you rewrite it.
7. Auld Lang Syne is sung _________ New Year's Eve.
Give the correct form of the words in brackets.
1. There are many _______ throughout the year. ( celebrate )
2. He wants to ________ his room. ( decoration )
3. Tet is a ________ festival of Vietnamese people. ( joy )
4. Easter is a joyful festival which is ________ in many countries. ( celebrate )
5. I'm very ________ of my father. ( pride )
6. In many countries, people crowd the streets to watch ______ parade. ( color )
7. Air and water _________ can make people fall ill. ( pollute )
8. We often go to the town ________ house. ( culture )
Rewrite the following sentences as directed.
1. Tet is a festival. Tet occurs in late January or early February ( which )
--->Tet is a festival........................
2. The pupil gets the scholarship. He is very poor. ( who )
--->The pupil..........................
3. Auld Lang Syne is a song. Auld Lang Syne is sung on New Year's Eve. ( which )
--->Auld Lang Syne is a song..........
4. Have you ever spoken to the people ? They live next door. ( who )
--->Have you ever spoken to the people........
5. Is this the book ? You want me to read it ? ( which )
--->..................................
6. My friend Tom can compose songs. Tom sings Western folk songs very well. ( who )
--->My friend,..........................
7. He often tells lies. Many people believe him. ( Although )
---> Although...............................
8. He is very tired but he has to finish his home work. (event though )
---> ........................................
9. He took a lot of photographs event though the sky was dark.
--->Despite...................................
10. Although she doesn't earn much money, she spends like a millionaire.
--->In spite of..................................
Fill in each gap with a suitable word in the box
- is - clothes - most - as - joyful - who - at
-food-
Tet or Luna New Year holiday is the ______( 1 ) important festival in Vietnam. Tet is a _________( 2 ) festivalwhich occurs in late January or early February. It _________( 3 )
a time for famillies to clean and decorate their houses, wear new _________ ( 4 ) and enjoy special _________ ( 5 ) such ___________ ( 6 ) sticky rice cakes. Family members _________( 7 ) live apart try to be together __________ ( 8 ) Tet.
Clothes can tell a lot about a person. Some people like very colorful clothes because they want everyone to look at them and they want to be the center of things. Other people like to wear nice clothes, but their clothes are not colorful or fancy. They do not like people to look at them. Clothes today are very different from the clothes of the 1800s. One difference is the way they look. For example, in the 1800s all women wore dresses. The dresses all had long skirts. But today women do not always wear dresses with long skirts .Sometimes they wear short skirts. Sometimes they wear pants. Another difference between 1800s and today is the cloth. In the 1800s, clothes were made only from natural kinds of cloth. They were made from cotton, wool, silk, or linen. But today, there are many kinds of man-made cloth. A lot of clothes are now made from nylon, rayon, or polyester.
Answer the questions: 1. Why do some people like very colorful clothes ?
2. Were the clothes of the 1800s the same as clothes today ?
3. Who wore dresses with long skirts in the 1800s?
4. What is another difference between 1800s and today?
5. Are there many kinds of man -made cloth ?
PART D. WRITING (2,5ms) I/ Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first. (1,5m)
1. It's a pity I can't play the guitar well
. I wish.. ...
2. I have been doing homework for two hours.
I started.....
3. Study hard or you will fail the final exam.
-If you...
4. They will build a new market near my
- A new market......
5. "Are you going to my party tonight?"
She asked me...... She asked me ......2. She asked me if / whether I was going to her party that night.
6. "Why don't you come to class today?"
she asked me. She asked me. house
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Giup minh vs nha!!
One day in 1963, a dolphin named Elvar and a famous astronomer, Carl Sagan, were playing a little game. The astronomer was visiting an institute which was looking into the way dolphins communicate with each other. He was standing at the edge of one of tanks where several of these highly intelligent, friendly creatures were kept. Elvar had just swum up alongside him and had turned on his back. He wanted Sagan to scratch his stomach again, as the astronomer had done twice before. But this time Elvar was too deep in the water for Sagan to reach him. Elvar looked up at Sagan, waiting. Then, after a minute or so, the dolphin leapt up through the water into the air and made a sound just like the words "More!"
The astonished astronomer went to the director of the institute and told him about the incident.
"Oh, yes. That´s one of the words he knows," the director said, showing no surprise at all.
Dolphins have bigger brains in proportion to their body size than humans have, and it has been known for a long time that they can make a number of sounds. What is more, these sounds seem to have different functions, such as warning each other of danger. Sound travels much faster and further in water than it does in air. That is why the parts of the brain that deal with sound are much better developed in dolphins than in humans. But can it be said that dolphins have a "language", in the real sense of the word? Scientist don´t agree on this.
1/ The dolphin leapt into the air because
A. Sagan was too near the water
B. it was part of the game they were playing.
C. he wanted Sagan to scratch him again
D. Sagan wanted to communicate with him
2/ "Dolphins" brains are particularly well developed to
A. help them to travle fast in water
B. arrange sounds in different structures
C. respond to different kinds of sound
D. communicate with humans through sound
Read the text on the tight about the invention of semaphore. Five sentences have been removed. Choose from sentences A-F the one which fits each gap (l-4).There is one extra sentence which you do not need. There is an example at the beginning (0).
A Using ropes, these could be moved to form 49 different shapes that could be recognized easily.
B The main problem was that it could not be used during the night or on foggy days.
C These messages could be sent very quickly.
D The new republic faced enemies on all sides in the form of the forces of Britain, Austria, Holland, Prussia and Spain.
E In August 1794, it carried its first message, the news of Napoleon's victory at Le Quenoy.
F A system was built between London and the south coast, and other countries followed.
War has been called 'the mother of invention', and this was certainly true in the French Revolutionary wars in 1792. 1 | D | What the Revolutionary Government urgently needed was a reliable system of communication.
Claude Chappe, who was a priest and an engineer, had developed a telegraph system, but had not been able to test it fully. However, his brother Ignace was a member of the government, and arranged for Claude's system to be tested. It turned out to be a great success and started a new form of high-speed communication.
The two brothers had a series of towers built 5 to 10 km apart. At the top of each tower was a tall wooden mast, and they attached one horizontal and two vertical wooden beams to this mast. Claude called this system 'semaphore', which comes from the Greek meaning 'bearing a sign'. 2 ( )
Operators in each tower watched neighbouring towers through a telescope and then passed the message on to the next one in the line. The first line stretched from Paris to Lille, a distance of 2.40 km. 3 ( ). At an average speed of three signals a minute, it was carried in 20 minutes, more than 90 times faster than messengers on horseback.
Once the value of Chappe's system was understood, it soon became the standard method of communication in Europe. 4 ( ). By the time the electric telegraph was developed, France had more than 550 semaphore towers stretching 4,800km.
Unfortunately, Chappe's system had some disadvantages. 5 ( ) The towers were also expensive to maintain and the cost of staff was high. In the end, Chappe was depressed by these criticisms of his inventions and by claims from other engineers that they had invented semaphore, and he committed suicide in 1805.
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b.
1. The two sides have signed an…………to end the fighting, and most independent observers………….that the deal is fair to everyone. AGREE
2. Have you ever been abroad and asked yourself “What does that word………….? Well, now you can find out with the help of the Electronic Translator, a small computer that lists the…………of over 20,000 common words in six European languages. MEAN
3. We went to the airport to collect Katie at 2.30. We checked the screens in the hall, but there was no news of the……………of her flight. Then we went to the information desk, and were told that there would be a long delay and in the end she didn’t…………..until 9.30. ARRIVE
4. My uncle………..stamps, and the other day he went to see an expert. He took his………….along, and he was told that it was worth thousands of prouds because he had a number of very rare and unusual stamps. COLLECT
