a) \(\sqrt{25-x^2}-\sqrt{10-x^2}=3\) (*)
Đk: \(-\sqrt{10}\le x\le\sqrt{10}\)
(*) \(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{25-x^2}=3+\sqrt{10-x^2}\Leftrightarrow25-x^2=19-x^2+6\sqrt{10-x^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow6\sqrt{10-x^2}=6\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{10-x^2}=1\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\left(N\right)\\x=3\left(N\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Kl: x = +- 3
b) \(\sqrt{x^2-x-6}+x^2-x-18=0\) (*)
đk: \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x\le-2\\x\ge3\end{matrix}\right.\)
(*) \(\Leftrightarrow x^2-x-6+\sqrt{x^2-x-6}-12=0\)
Đặt \(t=\sqrt{x^2-x-6}\Rightarrow t^2=x^2-x-6\) (t >/ 0)
phương trình (*) trở thành : \(t^2+t-12=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=3\left(N\right)\\t=-4\left(L\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Với t=3. ta có: \(\sqrt{x^2-x-6}=3\Leftrightarrow x^2-x-15=0\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1\pm\sqrt{61}}{2}\left(N\right)\)
Kl: \(x=\dfrac{1\pm\sqrt{61}}{2}\)
c) \(\sqrt{x-2009}+\sqrt{y+2008}+\sqrt{z-2}=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x+y+z\right)\) (*)
Đk: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge2009\\y\ge-2008\\z\ge2\end{matrix}\right.\)
(*) \(\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{x-2009}+2\sqrt{y+2008}+2\sqrt{z-2}=x+y+z\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2009-2\sqrt{x-2009}+1\right)+\left(y+2008-2\sqrt{y+2008}+1\right)+\left(z-2-2\sqrt{z-2}+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x-2009}-1\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{y+2008}-1\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{z-2}-1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x-2009}=1\\\sqrt{y+2008}=1\\\sqrt{z-2}=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2010\left(N\right)\\y=-2007\left(N\right)\\z=3\left(N\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Kl: x= 2010, y= -2007, z=3
