Exercise 1:Read the following passage and choose the correct answer to each question
In addition to the established energy sources such as gas,coal,oil and nuclear,there are a number of other sources that we ought to consider.Two of these are hydro-electric and tidal power.These two sources are similar in that they are both renewable.However,hydro-electric power(HEP) is more widely used than tidal.
In fact,a substantial amount of electricity is already produced in HEP stations worldwide,whereas tidal stations are still in the very early stages of development.As far as geographical location is concerned,HEP schemes are to be found on lakes and rivers,while tidal schemes are constructed in estuaries where tidal variation is great.
Unfortunately,there are few in number.At present HEP stations are found mainly in Norway,Canada,Sweden and Brazil,whereas tidal plants are in operation in France,the CIS and China.As regards captial outlay,both require very high investment.On the other hand,generating costs are quite low in both cases.
In fact,a large-scale HEP plant is capable of producing power more cheaply than conventional sources,such as coal,oil and nuclear plants.Tidal power also compares favourably with nuclear and oil,in terms of production costs.Like HEP stations,tidal barrages have a long life-expectancy.It is estimated that they can operate for over 100 years.
1.Hydro-electric power stations are used more widely than tidal-power stations because they are ______.
A.less expensive C.abundant and renewable
B.geographically less limited D.in the early stages of development
2.Which of the following statements is NOT true,according to the passage?
A.Hydro-electric power(HEP) is more widely used than tidal
B.Generating costs of hydro-electric and tidal power plants are low
C.Producing hydro-electric power is cheaper than conventional sources
D.HEP stations are not likely to operate for over a hundred years
3.When tidal plants are constructed,_______.
A.the initial money investment is high C.generating costs are increased
B.the location is not quite important D.agricultural lands are occupied
4.All of the following are advantages of tidal-power stations EXPECT that ________.
A.they produce electricity cheaply C.they use renewable resources
B.they can be located anywhere D.they have a long-life expectancy
5.The bold word "they"in the last line refers to ______.
A.nuclear and oil C.HEP stations
B.production costs D.tidal barrages
Exercise 2:Choose the best option A,B,C or D for each gap to complete the sentences
Japan Railways' latest maglev bullet train just broke its own record as the fastest train in the world.The bullet train (1)_____ at 603 kph(374 mph),blowing through last week's top speed of 590 kph(366 mph).At its fastest,the train covered a mile in 10 seconds,which is insanely fast.This particular maglev train will be able to carry just over 900 (2)______ per trip as it levitates above the tracks using electromagnets to create a nearly frictionless ride.
Take a look the aerodynamic nose on the train.The bullet trains you can ride on these days have pointed noses, (3)______ this slanted nose is almost as long as an entire train car.
Right now,the train is still only a trial design,as Japan Railways is still (4)_______ this model.They will have to wait until 2030 for it to be put (5)______ commercial transport.That's when Japan Railways plans to use the train between Tokyo anf Nagoya,which has the world's largest train station in terms of floor area.
1.A.travelled B.journeyed C.came D.toured
2.A.goers B.riders C.customers D.passengers
3.A.or B.but C.however D.nevertheless
4.A.checking B.examining C.testing D.trying
5.A.forward B.into C.on D.for
Exercise 3:Rewrite each of sentences so that its meaning stays the same,using the word in CAPITALS.Do not change the given word.
1.It will be impossible to avoid pollution if we don't find other fuels. (CANNOT)
→____________________________________________________________________________
2.People say that nuclear energy may cause lots of problems. (SUPPOSED)
→_____________________________________________________________________________
3.Tom is more careful driver than his brother. (DRIVE)
→___________________________________________________________________________
4.They have an ordinary three-storey house in the suburb of the town. (THEIRS)
→___________________________________________________________________________
5.A traditional street is much more friendly to live in than a tower back. (NOTHING)
→______________________________________________________________________________
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Exercise 3:Rewrite each of sentences so that its meaning stays the same,using the word in CAPITALS.Do not change the given word.
1.It will be impossible to avoid pollution if we don't find other fuels. (CANNOT)
→_____We can not advoid pollution if we don't find other fuels
2.People say that nuclear energy may cause lots of problems. (SUPPOSED)
→____Nuclear energy is supposed to have caused lots of proplem
3.Tom is more careful driver than his brother. (DRIVE)
→_____Tom drives more carefully than his brother
4.They have an ordinary three-storey house in the suburb of the town. (THEIRS)
→______ An ordinary three-story house on the suburb of town is theirs
5.A traditional street is much more friendly to live in than a tower back. (NOTHING)
→______ Nothing is friendlier than a traditional street to live __
