a)
\(n_{P_2O_5} = \dfrac{42,6}{142} = 0,3(mol)\\ \)
4P + 5O2 \(\xrightarrow{t^o}\) 2P2O5
0,6.............0,75.................0,3..........(mol)
mP = 0,6.31 = 18,6(gam)
b)
2KClO3 \(\xrightarrow{t^o}\) 2KCl + 3O2
0,5....................................0,75.....(mol)
\(m_{KClO_3} = 0,5.122,5 = 61,25(gam)\)
c)
\(3Fe + 2O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} Fe_3O_4\)
\(n_{Fe} = \dfrac{16,8}{56} = 0,3(mol)\\ \dfrac{n_{Fe}}{3} = 0,1 < \dfrac{n_{O_2}}{2} = 0,375\)
nên hiệu suất tính theo số mol Fe.
\(n_{Fe\ pư} = 0,3.90\% = 0,27(mol)\\ n_{Fe_3O_4} =\dfrac{1}{3}n_{Fe\ pư} = 0,09(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Fe_3O_4} = 0,09.232 = 20,88(gam)\)