+ \(\left(x^{2011}+y^{2011}\right)\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=x^{2012}+y^{2012}+xy\left(x^{2010}+y^{2010}\right)\)
\(=\left(x^{2011}+y^{2011}\right)+xy\left(x^{2011}+y^{2011}\right)\)
\(=\left(xy+1\right)\left(x^{2011}+y^{2011}\right)\)
+ Vì x, y dương nên \(x^{2011}+y^{2011}>0\)
=> x + y = xy + 1
=> x + y - xy - 1 = 0
=> ( y - 1 ) - x( y - 1 ) = 0
=> ( 1 - x ) ( y - 1 ) = 0
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
+ x = 1 => \(1+y^{2010}=1+y^{2011}=1+y^{2012}\)
\(\Rightarrow y^{2010}=y^{2011}\) \(\Rightarrow y^{2010}-y^{2011}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow y^{2010}\left(1-y\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow y=1\left(doy>0\right)\)
+ Tương tự nếu y = 1 ta cùng tìm được x = 1
Do đó : A = 2
Lời giải khác:
Ta có:
\(x^{2011}+y^{2011}=x^{2010}+y^{2010}\)
\(\Rightarrow x^{2011}-x^{2010}+y^{2011}-y^{2010}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^{2010}(x-1)+y^{2010}(y-1)=0(1)\)
Và: \(x^{2011}+y^{2011}=x^{2012}+y^{2012}\)
\(\Rightarrow x^{2012}-x^{2011}+y^{2012}-y^{2011}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^{2011}(x-1)+y^{2011}(y-1)=0(2)\)
Lấy (2)-(1) ta có:
\(x^{2011}(x-1)-x^{2010}(x-1)+y^{2011}(y-1)-y^{2010}(y-1)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^{2010}(x-1)^2+y^{2010}(y-1)^2=0\)
Dễ thấy \(x^{2010}(x-1)^2\geq 0; y^{2010}(y-1)^2\geq 0, \forall x,y>0\)
Do đó để tổng của chúng bằng $0$ thì \(x^{2010}(x-1)^2=y^{2010}(y-1)^2=0\)
Mà $x,y$ đều dương nên $x=y=1$
Khi đó ta dễ tính ra $A=2$
