a)\(S=1+3+...+3^{11}\)
\(=\left(1+3+3^2\right)+...+\left(3^9+3^{10}+3^{11}\right)\)
\(=1\cdot\left(1+3+3^2\right)+...+3^9\left(1+3+3^2\right)\)
\(=1\cdot13+...+3^9\cdot13\)
\(=13\cdot\left(1+...+3^9\right)⋮13\)
b)\(S=1+3+...+3^{11}\)
\(=\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)+...+\left(3^8+3^9+3^{10}+3^{11}\right)\)
\(=1\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)+...+3^8\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)\)
\(=1\cdot40+...+3^8\cdot40\)
\(=40\cdot\left(1+...+3^8\right)⋮40\)
c)\(S=1+3+...+3^{11}\)
\(3S=3\left(1+3+...+3^{11}\right)\)
\(3S=3+3^2+...+3^{12}\)
\(3S-S=\left(3+3^2+...+3^{12}\right)-\left(1+3+...+3^{11}\right)\)
\(2S=3^{12}-1\)
\(S=\frac{3^{12}-1}{2}\)
312 = (33)4 =274
=>274 có tận cùng là 1 hay 312 có tận cùng là 1
1-1=0:2=0
vậy => chữ số tận cùng là 0
