Question

cho dãy số (un) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u_1=\dfrac{1}{3}\\u_{n+1}=\dfrac{n+1}{3n}.u_n,n\ge1\end{matrix}\right.\)tính tổng S=\(\sum_{k=1}^{10}\)\(\dfrac{u_k}{k}\)?

Answer 1

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{u_{n+1}}{n+1}=\dfrac{1}{3}.\dfrac{u_n}{n}\)

Đặt \(\dfrac{u_n}{n}=v_n\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}v_1=\dfrac{1}{3}\\v_{n+1}=\dfrac{1}{3}v_n\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow v_n\) là CSN với công bội \(\dfrac{1}{3}\)

\(\Rightarrow v_n=\dfrac{1}{3}.\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^{n-1}=\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^n\)

\(S=\sum\limits^{10}_{k=1}\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^k=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{3}\left(1-\dfrac{1}{3^{10}}\right)}{1-\dfrac{1}{3}}=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(1-\dfrac{1}{3^{10}}\right)\)