* ta có : \(A=2^1+2^2+2^3+...+2^{99}+2^{100}\) có \(100\) số hạng
và \(100⋮2;4;5\) và \(100⋮̸3\)
ta có : \(A=2^1+2^2+2^3+...+2^{99}+2^{100}\)
\(=\left(2^1+2^2\right)+\left(2^3+2^4\right)+...+\left(2^{99}+2^{100}\right)\) (vì \(100⋮2\) )
\(=2\left(1+2\right)+2^3\left(1+2\right)+...+2^{99}\left(1+2\right)\)
\(=2.3+2^3.3+...+2^{99}.3=3.\left(2+2^3+...+2^{99}\right)⋮3\)
vậy \(A\) chia hết cho \(3\) (1)
* ta có : \(A=2^1+2^2+2^3+...+2^{99}+2^{100}\)
\(=\left(2^1+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)+\left(2^5+2^6+2^7+2^8\right)+...+\left(+2^{97}+2^{98}+2^{99}+2^{100}\right)\) (vì \(100⋮4\) )
\(=2\left(1+2+2^2+2^3\right)+2^5\left(1+2+2^2+2^3\right)+...+2^{97}\left(1+2+2^2+2^3\right)\)
\(=2\left(1+2+4+8\right)+2^5\left(1+2+4+8\right)+...+2^{97}\left(1+2+4+8\right)\)
\(=2.15+2^5.15+...+2^{97}.15=15.\left(2+2^5+...+2^{97}\right)⋮15\)
vậy \(A\) chia hết cho \(15\) (2)
* ta có : \(A=2^1+2^2+2^3+...+2^{99}+2^{100}\)
\(=\left(2^1+2^2+2^3+2^4+2^5\right)+\left(2^6+2^7+2^8+2^9+2^{10}\right)+...+\left(2^{96}+2^{97}+2^{98}+2^{99}+2^{100}\right)\) (vì \(100⋮5\) )
\(=2\left(1+2+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)+2^6\left(1+2+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)+...+2^{96}\left(1+2+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)\)
\(=2.\left(1+2+4+8+16\right)+2^6\left(1+2+4+8+16\right)+...+2^{96}\left(1+2+4+8+16\right)\)
\(=2.31+2^6.31+...+2^{96}.31=31.\left(2+2^6+...+2^{96}\right)⋮31\)
vậy \(A\) chia hết cho \(31\) (3)
* ta có : \(A=2^1+2^2+2^3+...+2^{99}+2^{100}\)
\(=2^1+\left(2^2+2^3+2^4\right)+...+\left(2^{98}+2^{99}+2^{100}\right)\) (vì \(100⋮̸3\) )
\(=2+2^2\left(1+2+2^2\right)+...+2^{98}\left(1+2+2^2\right)\)
\(=2+2^2\left(1+2+4\right)+...+2^{98}\left(1+2+4\right)\)
\(=2+2^2.7+...+2^{98}.7=2+7\left(2^2+...+2^{98}\right)\)
ta có : \(7\left(2^2+...+2^{98}\right)⋮7\) nhưng \(2⋮̸7\)
vậy \(A\) không chia hết cho \(7\) và số \(2< 7\)
nên số 2 là số dư khi \(A\) chia cho \(7\) (4)
từ (1);(2);(3) và (4) \(\Rightarrow\) (ĐPCM)
