Read the passage and mark the letter A , B , C or D to answer the questions from 1 - 7
PANDEMIC DISEASES
Diseases are a natural part of life on earth . If there were no diseases , the population would grow too quickly , and there would not be enough food or other resources , so in a way , diseases are natural ways of keeping the Earth in balance . But sometimes they spread very quickly and kill large numbers of people . For example , in 1918 , an outbreak of the flu spread across the world , killing over 25 million people in only six months . Such terrible outbreaks of a diseases are called pandemics
Pandemics happen when a disease changes in a way that our bodies are not prepared to fight . In 1918 , a new type of flu virus appeared . Our bodies had no way to fight this new flu virus , and so it spread very quickly and killed large numbers of people . While there have been many different pandemic diseases throughout history , all of them have a new thing in common . First , all pandemic diseases spread from one person to another very easily .
Second , while they may kill many people , they generally do not kill people very quickly . A good example of this would be the Marburg virus . The Marburg virus is an extremely infectious disease . In addition , it is deadly . About 70 - 80 % of all people who get the Marburg virus died from the disease . However , the Marburg virus has not become a pandemic because most people die within three days of getting the disease . This means that the virus does not have enough time to spread a large number of people . The flu virus of 1918 , on the other hand , generally took about a week to ten days to kill its victims , so it had more time to spread .
While we may never be able to completely stop pandemics , we can make them less common . Doctors carefully monitor new diseases that they fear could become pandemics . For example , in 2002 , and 2003 , doctors carefully watched SARS . Their health warnings may have prevented SARS from becoming a pandemic .
Question 1 : According to paragraph 1 , how are diseases a natural part of life on Earth ?
A. They prevent pandemics B. They help control the population
C. They led the world grow quickly D. They kill too many people
Question 2 : Based on the information in the passage the term " pandemics " can be explained as .............................................
A. diseases with no cure
B. a deadly kind of flu
C. diseases that spread quickly and kill large numbers of people
D. new disease like SARS or the Marburg virus
Question 3 : According to the passage , all of the following are true of the 1918 flu pandemic EXCEPT that ...............................................
A. it involved a new kind of flu virus B. it killed over 25 million people
C. it was the last pandemic in history D. it took a little over a week to kill ít victims
Question 4 : The word " it " in the passage refers to .......................
A. disease B. flu virus C. pandemics D. bodies
Question 5 : Which of the following is mentioned as a common feature of all pandemic diseases ?
A. They spread from people to people very quickly
B. It kill many people very quickly
C. They do not kill people very quickly
D. They kill all the victims
Question 6 : The word " monitor " in the passage is closest is meaning to ........................
A. fight B. prevent C. watch D. avoid
Question 7 : The author mentions SARS in order to .............................
A. give an example of a highly dangerous disease
B. suggest that SARS will never become a pandemic
C. give an example of the successful prevention of a pandemic
D. suggest that there may be a new pandemic soon .
Carlos and Alice have given up their stressful full-time jobs in IT and telecom sales in San Francisco in California and have moved to a small town in the Pacific Northwest in Washington state. They have opened a small chocolate company there. They now make their own chocolates and sell them in their own café and shop. The business is doing well and has just served its 30,000th customer. Most of their customers are tourists, but they have also started to sell their chocolates online. The unusual thing about their chocolates is that they don't add any sugar because it is sweet enough without it.
Ikbal and Rose haven't moved to the country but they have started a small business in New York. They make bread in their kitchen at home and they sell it to the neighbors. Each week the neighbors ring the doorbell and pick up some bread. Ikbal and Rose have made lots of new friends and they have gotten to know a lot of people in their neighborhood. They have also learned a new skill. They have learned how to make bread. From this small beginning, their business has grown into a successful company.
1.Carlos and Alice ..... a chocolate company in the Pacific Northwest.
2.They have just served their......... thousandth customer.
3.There is one ingredient that they don't use in their chocolates. That is .
4.Ikbal and Rose have started baking bread....... in New York.
5.They sell their bread to...... .
6.People can order and buy the bread ...........
The little chefs Hilary Rose travels to Dorset, in the south of England, to investigate a cookery course for children. There must be something in the air in Dorset, because the last place you’d expect to fi nd children during the summer holidays is in the kitchen. Yet in a farmhouse, deep in the English countryside, that’s exactly where they are – on a cookery course designed especially for children. It’s all the idea of Anna Wilson, who wants to educate young children about cooking and eating in a healthy way. ‘I’m very keen to plant the idea in their heads that food doesn’t grow on supermarket shelves,’ she explains. ‘The course is all about making food fun and enjoyable.’ She thinks that eight is the perfect age to start teaching children to cook, because at that age they are always hungry. 9() These children are certainly all smiles as they arrive at the country farmhouse. Three girls and four boys aged from ten to thirteen make up the group. They are immediately given a tour of what will be ‘home’ for the next 48 hours. 10 But one thing is quite clear – they all have a genuine interest in food and learning how to cook. Anna has worked as a chef in all sorts of situations and has even cooked for the crew of a racing yacht, in limited space and diffi cult weather conditions. 11 ‘Kids are easy to teach,’ she insists, ‘because they’re naturally curious and if you treat them like adults they listen to you.’ Back in the kitchen, Anna is giving the introductory talk, including advice on keeping hands clean, and being careful around hot ovens. 12 Judging by the eager looks on their young faces as they watch Anna’s demonstration, they are just keen to start cooking. The children learn the simplest way, by watching and then doing it themselves. They gather round as Anna chops an onion for the fi rst evening meal. Then the boys compete with each other to chop their onions as fast as possible, while the girls work carefully, concentrating on being neat. 13 When they learn to make bread, the girls knead the dough with their hands competently, while the boys punch it into the board, cheerfully hitting the table with their fi sts. The following morning, four boys with dark shadows under their eyes stumble into the kitchen at 8.30 a.m. to learn how to make breakfast (sausages and eggs, and fruit drinks made with yoghurt and honey). We learn later that they didn’t stop talking until 4.30 a.m. 14 Ignoring this, Anna brightly continues trying to persuade everyone that fruit drinks are just as interesting as sausages and eggs. Anna has great plans for the courses and is reluctant to lower her standards in any way, even though her students are so young. 15 ‘And I like to keep the course fees down,’ Anna adds, ‘because if the children enjoy it and go on to teach their own children to cook, I feel it’s worth it.’ If this course doesn’t inspire them to cook, nothing will.
A This is followed by a session on ‘knife skills’, which will be important later on.
B She always uses top- quality ingredients, such as the best cuts of meat and the fi nest cheeses, so there’s clearly no profi t motive in this operation.
C As they wander round, they argue lightheartedly about who has had the most experience in the kitchen.
D In the garden, they learn about the herbs that they will use in their cooking.
E Their obvious tiredness may explain why one of them goes about the task so carelessly that the ingredients end up on the fl oor.
F This is particularly true of young boys, who are happy to do anything that will end in a meal.
G As a result, she has a very relaxed attitude to cooking, constantly encouraging the children and never talking down to them.
H This contrast will become something of a theme during the course.
Read the passage carefully, then choose the correct answer
The first system of communication of animals is natural. Many kinds of animals have ways of communicating with each other. And one of the most interesting examples is that of bees. These insects communicate with each other by dancing. The most important kind of dance that they do is concerned with food. They get their food from flowers, of course, from plants and trees. When a bee has found some food, it returns to the other bees and can give them three basic kinds of information about the food: which direction it is in, whether it is nearby or a long way away, and whether it is good to eat or poisonous.
The other kind of system of communication of animals is artificial. It means animals learn it; in this case, they learn from man. Several famous experiments have been carried out with chimpanzees, trying to teach them human language.
One of these experiments was done with a chimpanzee called Sarah. Sarah was taught to understand a system of symbols which represented words. The symbols were cut out of coloured plastic, and each different shape stood for a different word. For example, a red square stood for “banana”, Sarah’s favorite fruit. Soon Sarah could not only understand words, but even sentences. She could obey orders: if her human friends put down the symbols for “apple in cup”, she would put the apple in the cup. Later, she began giving the scientists orders – she was writing her own sentences, and she got upset if the scientists did not obey her. We do not yet know whether chimpanzees will ever learn to use language to communicate as freely as human beings do, but the results so far suggest that this is at least a possibility.
41) According to the passage, bees ____________________________________.
A. learn to communicate B. are born to be able to communicate
C. are the most interesting animals D. communicate with each other by flying
42) From the passage, we can conclude that bees are _____________________.
A. so selfish as to let other bees share the bad food
B. so selfish as to look for food for themselves
C. so hardworking that they dance all the time
D. so smart that they know where the food is
43) The experiment done with Sarah is an example of ____________________.
A. animals with natural system of communication
B. animals able to communicate with humans
C. animals possible to use language as humans
D. animals with a system of communication worked out by humans
44) The results of the experiment with chimpanzees show the possibility to teach animals _____.
A. how to use language freely
B. how to give orders
C. how to obey orders
D. how to understand words and sentences
45) The phrase “concerned with” is closest in meaning to ________________.
A. interested in B. responsible for C. related to D. joined to
ead the passage and choose the best option to complete each of the blanks
PROBLEMS OF WATCHING TELEVISION IN BRITAIN
British parents are always complaining that their children spend too much time gluing to the telly and not enough (37)____ other activities like sports and reading. A survey recently carried out on people's viewing habits (38)____ not disapprove it. It shows that young people in Britain spend on (39)___ twenty three hours a week in front of the television, (40)_______ works out at over three hours every day.
What is surprising, however, is the fact that the average adult watches even more: an incredible 28 hours a week. We seem to have become a nation of telly addicts. Just about (41)_______ household in the country has a television and over half have two or more.
According (42)___ the survey, people nowadays don't just watch television sitting in their living room, they watch it in the kitchen and in bed as well.
The Education Minister said a (43)___weeks ago that Britain's pupils should spend more time reading. Unfortunately, parents are not setting a good example: adults do (44)__ reading than young people. In fact, reading is (45)___ the bottom of their list of favorite pastimes. They would (46)____ listen to the radio, go to the cinema or hire a video to watch on their television at home.
Section II: Read the following passage and answer the questions
In many of our cities, the downtown areas are growing. Every year, more office buildings are built downtown. These office buildings house the head quarters of many different businesses. The building and their occupants make the downtown a business center.
For a while, downtown areas were losing businesses. In the 1960s and 1970s, some companies moved from cities to new industrial parts. The new buildings were in suburban towns instead of in cities. The companies that moved thought that improvements in communications and transportation made it unimportant to be near customers and other films.
More recently, companies have started to move back into downtown areas. They realize that businesses depend on people getting together in person. Salespersons need to meet with customers to show them merchandise. Those who manage businesses want to be able to meet with people from other companies. employees sometimes need the libraries, banks, and other services offered downtown.
Some companies have also found that moving downtown makes it easier to hire people. People enjoy being in a busy downtown where they can shop during lunch hour. They like being near museums, theatres, and restaurants to which they can go after work.
Most people who work downtown have what we call ‘white-collar’ jobs. Some are manage businesses; some are lawyers; others are programmers, or designers of World Wide Web pages; and some work in services that help other people.
1.In many cities, the downtown area has become .......................................
A. empty B. a business center C. too crowded D. a factory center
2.The word in paragraph 3 that means goods to be sold is .......................................
3.When a business moves downtown, it is close to .......................................
A. many factories. B. other businesses. C. apartment buildings.
4.On the whole, this story is about .......................................
A. downtown business centers. B. salespeople and the customers. C. why people live downtown.
5.Why are jobs downtown called ‘white-collar’ jobs? Because .......................................
A. There are more laundries downtown. B. White collars look nice on everybody
C. Men who worked in offices used to wear white shirts and neckties.
some hundred years ago, there was no equality between men and women because people then considered women tobe weaker sex. This prejudice against women(1) ....its origin in the dawn of mankind’s(2) .....when men lived in caves and went(3)......for food. The task of food gathering and hunting needed great (4)..of body. Therefore the best place for women was not in the forest , but at home where they could satisfactorily do thier jobs, namely feeding their children, and looking after them(5)...... have changed much since those early days. In the modern life of twentieth century, more brains are(6)........ , not more strength of muscle. As a consequence, women play an(7)........important role in the modern society. They have proved repeatedly that they are equal and often superior to men in(8)....every field
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TECHNOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION
Since about the end of the world war two,technology has advanced rapidly,These advances in agriculture ,transportation and industry have ______ our way of life.Unfortunately ,these advances have also ________our environment.
The most _______ example of a useful technological advance s,of course,the car.Cars have changed the ways we live nd added to our convenience and comport.They do,______,pollute the atmosphere . Measures are finaaly being taken to___ the pollutant produced by a car. Now lead is being_____from gasoline and catelytic converters are _______in modern cars to remove pollutant produced by the engines.
Another example pf a common product of modern technology that _______to environmental pollution is plastic.Plastic cause pollution when they are manufactured because a great deal deal of electrictity is needed in their production.They are also a problem to_______ because they vwill not biograde and they cannot ne ___in the soil.