a)
2Na + 2H2O --> 2NaOH + H2
Ba + 2H2O --> Ba(OH)2 + H2
NaOH + HNO3 --> NaNO3 + H2O
Ba(OH)2 + 2HNO3 --> Ba(NO3)2 + 2H2O
b)
Gọi số mol Na, Ba là a, b (mol)
PTHH: 2Na + 2H2O --> 2NaOH + H2
a---------------->a---->0,5a
Ba + 2H2O --> Ba(OH)2 + H2
b----------------->b------->b
=> \(0,5a+b=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\) (1)
1/2 dd B chứa \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}NaOH:0,5a\left(mol\right)\\Ba\left(OH\right)_2:0,5b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH: NaOH + HNO3 --> NaNO3 + H2O
0,5a-->0,5a----->0,5a
Ba(OH)2 + 2HNO3 --> Ba(NO3)2 + 2H2O
0,5b----->b-------->0,5b
=> 42,5a + 130,5b = 21,55 (2)
(1)(2) => a = 0,2 (mol); b = 0,1 (mol)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Na}=0,2.23=4,6\left(g\right)\\m_{Ba}=0,1.137=13,7\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
nHNO3 = 0,5a + b = 0,2 (mol)
=> \(V_{dd.HNO_3}=\dfrac{0,2}{2}=0,1\left(l\right)\)
$a\big)$
$Na+H_2O\to NaOH+\frac{1}{2}H_2$
$Ba+2H_2O\to Ba(OH)_2+H_2$
$NaOH+HNO_3\to NaNO_3+H_2O$
$Ba(OH)_2+2HNO_3\to Ba(NO_3)_2+2H_2O$
$b\big)$
Đặt $n_{Na}=x(mol);n_{Ba}=y(mol)$
Theo PT: $\frac{1}{2}x+y=n_{H_2}=\frac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2(1)$
Vì trung hòa $\frac{1}{2}B$
$\to n_{NaOH(dùng)}=\frac{1}{2}x;n_{Ba(OH)_2(dùng)}=\frac{1}{2}y$
Theo PT: $n_{NaNO_3}=\frac{1}{2}x;n_{Ba(NO_3)_2}=\frac{1}{2}y$
$\to \frac{1}{2}x.85+\frac{1}{2}y.261=21,55(2)$
Từ $(1)(2)\to x=0,2(mol);y=0,1(mol)$
$\to m_{Na}=0,2.23=4,6(g);m_{Ba}=0,1.137=13,7(g)$
Theo PT: $\sum n_{HNO_3}=\frac{1}{2}x+y=0,2(mol)$
$\to V_{dd\,HNO_3}=\frac{0,2}{2}=0,1(l)=100(ml)$
