II. Complete the sentences with these pairs of verbs. (Note that the verb pairs are not always in
sentence order.) Choose the most appropriate tense - present perfect or past simple.

9. Maria ...................................... to go swimming since she ...................................... in the river.

10. Since she ...................................... at the company she ...................................... a day off
through illness.
11. Since he ...................................... the girl from the frozen pond, he ...................................... on
TV almost every day.
12. A lot ...................................... since I last ...................................... to you.
13. Since I ...................................... to drive I ...................................... much more independent.
14. Robert’s reading ................................... enormously since he ...................................... at school.

I. Complete the sentences using the verbs in the box. Use the same verb in each pair of sentences. Use
the present simple, present continuous, past simple or past continuous.

1. a. I ...................................................... about taking a gap year before I go to university and going
travelling around South America
b. A: Why’s Terry having a party?
B: I ...................................................... it’s his birthday.

2. a. A: How did the cat get up into the tree?
B: I ...................................................... he was chasing a bird.
b. A: Let me know when the post arrives.
B: Why, .............................. you .................................... something important?

3. a. A: Did you enjoy your time at boarding school?
B: No, I ...................................................... every minute of it.
b. As the boat was thrown about by the huge waves, she looked across at Paul and wondered if he
...................................................... this, too.

4. a. This month’s special exhibition of South African art ...................................................... over 5000
visitors a day to the museum, whereas we normally only get about 2000.
b. As the home of William Shakespeare, Stratford ...................................................... tourists from
all over the world.

5. a. .............................. you ................................. that big house over there? It’s my uncle’s.
b. I split up with Alex when I found out that he ...................................................... someone else.

6. a. A: What happened to your wrist?
B: I ...................................................... the window for some new curtains when I fell off the
ladder and sprained it.
b. I was given this pedometer for my birthday. You just hook it on your belt and it ..............................
how far you walk during the day.

7. a. A: What on earth are you doing down there?
B: I ................................................... for one of my earrings - it fell off and rolled under the bed.
b. A: Which course are you going to apply to?
B: Well, this one on anthropology ...................................................... interesting.

8. a. Our neighbour’s cat .......................................... at our door every morning, demanding to be fed.
b. Chris is incredibly busy. At the moment he ...................................................... in Hamlet at the
Crescent Theatre.

II. Complete the sentences with appropriate verbs, using the same one for each sentence in the pair. Use the present perfect in one sentence and the present perfect continuous in the other. Use negative forms where appropriate.

1. a. Maria Harris ……………………………….…………... in a rented flat since returning to Liverpool.

b. We ……………………………….…………... at this hotel a couple of times before.

2. a. With their win yesterday, Italy ……………………………….…………... into second place in the table.

b. As house prices in the cities have risen, people ………………………….…………... into the countryside.

3. a. All day, the police ……………………………….…………... motorists to question them about the accident.

b. Good, the noise ……………………………….…………... I can start concentrating on my work again.

4. a. I ……………………………….…………... any of Dickens’ novels.

b. I ……………………………….…………... this book on astrophysics for hours and I’m still only on page 6.

IV. Complete this text with these verbs in the past perfect or past perfect continuous.

The telephone call from the police was a shock, but not a complete surprise. Molly (31) ……………………………….… constantly about the old house lying empty during the two months since her mother went into hospital. She (32) ……………………………….… to go round and check the empty place, but she (33) ……………………………….… extra busy at work recently. According to the police, a homeless man (34) ……………………………….… into the house. They (35) ……………………………….… him one morning as he was leaving the building with one of her mother’s large paintings. When Molly walked into the house, it was obvious that the man (36) ……………………………….… there for quite a while. He (37) ……………………………….… food from the cupboards and throwing empty tins and packages all over the floor. He (38) ……………………………….… quite a mess. He (39) ……………………………….… also …………………… several paintings from the walls. Molly decided not to tell her mother because she (40) ……………………………….… already …………………… enough pain in recent weeks and really didn’t need any more bad news.

I. Complete the sentences using the words given. Use two to five words.

68. Students must take part in this activity. (ESSENTIAL)

It

69. Even though he was ill, he went to school.

Despite

70. She made every effort to pass the exam. (BEST)

She tried

71. He allowed me to use his car whenever I likes. (DISPOSAL)

He placed

Complete the sentences using the words in bold. Use two to five words.

58.Are you likely to see him again? CHANCE

Is there ……………………………………………………………….. him again?

59.He was late because there was an accident on the motorway. TO

He was ……………………………………………………………….. on the motorway.

60.He definitely won’t pass his driving test. HOPE

There’s ……………………………………………………………….. his driving test.

61.I left home early so as to be on time for work. WOULD

I left home early ……………………………………………………………….. on time for work.

62.I don’t know all the facts. AWARE

I ……………………………………………………………….. all the facts.

63.He crossed the street because he didn’t want to speak to her. SPEAKING

He crossed the street ……………………………………………………………….. to her.

64.His father doesn’t want him to drink wines. DISAPPROVES

His father ……………………………………………………………….. wines.

III. You are going to read an article about a national vote for people’s favourite tree. Six sentences have been removed from the article. Choose from the sentences A-G the one which fits each gap (16). There is one extra sentence which you do not need to use.

TREE OF THE YEAR

The aim of the national Tree of the Year competition is to promote and celebrate the most interesting trees around the country. Images and descriptions of a shortlist of 28 trees are put online and the public are asked to vote for their favourite.

The four trees that gain the most votes before 5 p.m. on 5th October will be given a grant of £1,000. In addition, all trees that receive 1,000 or more votes will get a grant of £500. The grants may be spent on a tree health check or advice from a tree expert, or an educational event, for example. (82) ………………. Among the 28 shortlisted trees there are a wide range of tree species, each with its own unique, fascinating story. For example, the ‘Ding Dong’ tree is a copper beech tree growing in a primary school playground. It was named the ‘Ding Dong’ tree because of a game pupils invented in which they race to touch its trunk, shouting ‘Ding Dong!’ The protective space underneath the 50-year-old tree is used as a magical outdoor classroom, while the indoor classroom displays pictures of the tree through each season of the year. (83) ……………….

Many of the other trees in the competition are remarkable for their age alone. The Craigends Yew, for example, is thought to be up to 700 years old, making it one of the oldest in Scotland. It is an amazing sight as many of its branches have layered. (84) ………………. As a result of these extra growths, the total size when measured around the tree’s crown (the main body of its leaves and branches) is a massive 100 metres.

Another very old tree, the Holm Oak in Kilbroney Park, Northern Ireland, is much loved by local people. It measures 3.6 metres around the trunk, and its beautiful bark looks like the skin of a snake. (85) ………………. The advantage of this lack of uprightness is that young children can climb safely and easily on it. Kilbroney Park is home to many remarkable trees, but this tree was chosen as the favourite by community members.

A 500-year-old veteran oak tree stands in the ancient woodland pasture at Carngafallt in Wales. One of the interesting things about this twisted, hollow tree is that it has several ‘air trees’ growing out of it. An ‘air tree’ is one growing without its roots touching the ground. (86) ………………. It extends its roots down inside the oak’s hollow trunk.

The original Bramley apple tree in Nottinghamshire is younger than many in this competition, but is the famous parent of all modern Bramley apple trees. (87) ………………. Many years later, Matthew Bramley, the new owner of the tree, was carrying some of his fruit when he met a gardener called Henry Merryweather. Henry asked if he could take some cuttings from Matthew's trees to grow his own trees. Mr Bramley agreed, provided they were named ‘Bramley's Seedling’.

A. This means that they are touching the ground and have taken root.

B. These roots have become enormous with age and have now emerged above the ground. Children love to jump over them like horses in a race.

C. But the most distinctive thing about this tree is that its main trunk is leaning towards the ground at an angle of 45 degrees. D. The best example of this on the big old tree is another species of tree called a rowan.

E. Alternatively, they could be used to hold a community event in honour of the tree. F. It was planted from a seed in 1809 by a woman called Ann Brailsford.

G. Children hang bird feeders from its branches and it is used as the focus of many of the educational activities going on around it.

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II. Rearrange to make sentence.

77.all / out / kisses / arrives / and hugs / house, / the people / at / in / my grandparents’ / the house / run / greet us / with / When my family to / .
78.same / this / My mom / tries / same / it / to cook / has / the / but / taste / never / dish, / .
79.get / it / managed / had / to / snowing / a great / Even though / people / to / the / been / end-of-term / all day, / concert / many / .
80.put out / If / would / there / been / a strong / hadn’t / wind, / to / it / not / have / so difficult / been / the fire / such.
81.years / This / is / students / suitable / up / of / material / eighteen / for / and / .