1) a)\(n_{FeSO_4}=\dfrac{9,12}{152}=0,06\left(mol\right)\); \(n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{13,68}{342}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{100.9,8\%}{98}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{38,8}{40}=0,97\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(H_2SO_4+2NaOH\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\)
0,1------->0,2
\(FeSO_4+2NaOH\rightarrow Fe\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow+Na_2SO_4\)
0,06----->0,12-------->0,06
\(Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+6NaOH\rightarrow3Na_2SO_4+2Al\left(OH\right)_3\downarrow\)
0,04------->0,24---------------------->0,08
\(NaOH+Al\left(OH\right)_3\rightarrow NaAlO_2+2H_2O\)
0,08<------0,08-------->0,08
Kết tủa là Fe(OH)2: 0,06 (mol)
PTHH: \(4Fe\left(OH\right)_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe_2O_3+4H_2O\)
0,06------------->0,03
=> \(m_{Fe_2O_3}=0,03.160=4,8\left(g\right)\)
b) C có chứa Na2SO4 và \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}NaOH:0,33\left(mol\right)\\NaAlO_2:0,08\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{2,55}{102}=0,025\left(mol\right)\)
\(2Al\left(OH\right)_3\underrightarrow{t^o}Al_2O_3+3H_2O\)
0,05<----0,025
TH1: Nếu kết tủa không bị hòa tan
PTHH: \(NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)
0,33---->0,33
\(NaAlO_2+HCl+H_2O\rightarrow NaCl+Al\left(OH\right)_3\downarrow\)
0,05<---------------------0,05
=> nHCl = 0,33 + 0,05 = 0,38 (mol)
=> \(V_{dd.HCl}=\dfrac{0,38}{2}=0,19\left(l\right)=190\left(ml\right)\)
TH2: Nếu kết tủa bị hòa tan 1 phần
PTHH: \(NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)
0,33--->0,33
\(NaAlO_2+HCl+H_2O\rightarrow NaCl+Al\left(OH\right)_3\)
0,08----->0,08------------------------>0,08
\(Al\left(OH\right)_3+3HCl\rightarrow AlCl_3+3H_2O\)
0,03--->0,09
=> nHCl = 0,33 + 0,08 + 0,09 = 0,5 (mol)
=> \(V_{dd.HCl}=\dfrac{0,5}{2}=0,25\left(l\right)=250\left(ml\right)\)