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Coral reefs are structures of hard rock (26) ... can be found in warm shallow sea water. They are formed by corals, small plant-like animals that live in large groups. Coral reefs are home to an amazing variety of plants and fish. Indeed, coral reefs are so rich in color and variety that they have been (27) ... the “tropical forests of the sea”. Sadly, just like rainforests, coral reefs are under threat from human activities. Climate change, overfishing and ocean pollution are causing damage to coral reefs all over the world. Already, scientists estimate that 10% of the world’s coral reefs no long exist and an incredible 60% are endangered. The problem (28) ... in the fact that coral reefs are very sensitive to
changes in water temperature. Climate change, which is expected to significantly raise water temperatures in the next few decades, could cause serious (29) ... to the world’s coral reefs. There are a (30) ... of things you can do to help protect coral reefs. They are among the most beautiful ecosystems in the world and it’s up to us to save them!
26.A. who          B. that      C. where      D. whose
27.A. called       B. described      C. identified       D. recognized
28.A. stays        B. occurs           C. lies                D. deals
29.A. harm        B. hurt                C. injury            D. wound
30.A. figure       B. total               C. amount         D. number

Chọn từ trái nghĩa:

22.Everyone in my class admires Jane for her exceptional (intelligence).
A. awareness    B. stupidity    C. perception    D. wisdom
23.I’m sorry. I didn’t mean to make too much noise in the room. I must have (forgotten my manners).
A. reminded my manners         B. remembered what I said
C. talked too little                     D. behaved politely

Chọn trọng âm khác:

3. A. precise             B. helpless        C. exact                 D. intact
4. A. instrument        B. employer       C. discussion        D. apprentice

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5. Sally got an A on her English test last week, _____?
A. wasn’t she    B. did she    C. didn’t she    D. does she
6. The boy _____ to the hospital immediately after the accident.
A. was taken    B. took    C. was taking    D. takes
7. Her work contributed substantially _____ our knowledge of the disease and how to treat it.
A. from        B. in       C. to      D. about
8. The story is becoming _____.
A. interesting and interesting     B. more and more interesting
C. more and less interesting       D. most and most interesting
9. Laura recently went to a flea market where she found a _____ table.
A. round wooden small           B. round small wooden
C. wooden round small           D. small round wooden
10.While Matthew _____ the window, he fell off the ladder.
A. is fixing     B. was fixing    C. fixed    D. fixes
11.People gather at the Rockefeller Center _____ take part in the winter tradition of ice skating.
A. for         B. so that           C. in order to        D. because
12._____ to the party, nearly everyone had left.
A. When we get                      B. By the time we got
C. As soon as we will get        D. Before we had got
13._____ for three sports teams, Barry didn’t have enough time to study.
A. Having signed up           B. Signed up
C. To sign up                      D. Being signed up
14.Jim found the library staff friendly and _____.
A. informant    B. informative    C. information    D. informatively
15.Being a primary teacher _____ a great deal of patience.
A. calls for     B. draws up     C. counts on     D. falls out
16.The Government has _____ great emphasis on social distancing as an effective measure against coronavirus spread.
A. tried      B. delivered       C. put      D. changed
17.As the managing director of a large company, she gets a large _____.
A. salary     B. income       C. interest      D. investment
18.Mark is the nicest man. He would give you the _____ off his back if you needed help.
A. top        B. pack        C. bone       D. shirt
19.James worked too hard last month. It looks as if his holiday has done him a _____ of good.
A. plenty       B. power       C. planet      D. strength

Chọn từ đồng nghĩa:

20.He was very (sociable), and enjoyed eating, drinking and dancing.
A. caring        B. mischievous       C. outgoing       D. formal
21.India is one of the most (densely) populated areas in the world.
A. thickly        B. wastefully           C. scarcely        D. sparely

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Charles Lutwidge Dodgson is perhaps not a name that is universally recognized, but Dodgson did achieve enormous success under the (pseudonym) Lewis Carroll. He created this pseudonym from the Latinization, Carolus Ludovicus, of his real given name. It was under the name Lewis Carroll that Dodgson
published the children’s books Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland (1865) and its sequel Through the Looking Glass (1872). Though Dodgson achieved this success in children’s literature, he was not an author of children’s books by training or profession. His education and chosen field of pursuit were far
removed from the field of children’s literature and were instead focused on theoretical mathematics.

   Dodson graduated with honors from Christ Church, Oxford, in 1854 and then embarked on a career in the world of academia. He worked as a lecturer in mathematics at Oxford and, later in his career, published a number of theoretical works on mathematics under his own name rather than under the pseudonym that he used for his children’s stories. He produced a number of texts for students, such as A Syllabus of Plane Algebraical Geometry (1860), Formulae of Plane Trigonometry (1861), which was notable for the creativity of the symbols that he used to express trigonometric functions such as sine and cosine, and A Guide for the Mathematical Student (1866). In a number of more esoteric works, he championed the principles of Euclid; in Euclid and his Modern Rivals (1879), he presented his ideas on the superiority of Euclid over rival mathematicians in a highly imaginative fashion, by devising a courtroom trial of anti-Euclid mathematicians that he named “Euclid-wreakers” and ultimately finding
the defendants guilty as charged. Curiosa Mathematica(1888-1893) made a further defense of Euclid’s work, focusing on Euclid’s definition of parallel lines. These academic works never had the universal impact of Dogson’s works for children using the name Lewis Carroll, but (they) demonstrate a solid body
of well-regarded academic material.

Question 43: The word “pseudonym” in paragraph 1 is closet in meaning to ___________.
A. real name    B. family name    C. pen pal    D. pen name
Question 44: The word “they” in paragraph 2 refers to____________.
A. Dodgson’s works for children         B. children
C. these academic works                    D. parallel lines
Question 45: Which best serves as the title for the passage?
A. The works of Lewis Carroll
B. Dodgson and Carroll: Mathematics and Children’s Stories
C. Charles Dodgson and Euclid
D. The Story of Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland
Question 46: According to the passage, Dodgson__________.
A. used the same name on all his published works
B. used a pseudonym for the work about courtroom trial
C. did not use his given name on his stories for children
D. used the name Carroll on his mathematic works
Question 47: Which of the following is NOT TRUE, according to the passage?
A. Dodgson was an outstanding student.
B. Dodgson attended Christ Church, Oxford.
C. Dodgson was a published author of academic works.
D. Dodgson studied children’s literature.

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As education pioneer born into rural poverty in Nepal has opened 30 schools in a bid to boost prospects for his country’s children.
  The World Bank ranks Nepal as the globe’s 31st poorest country, with almost 10 million people living on daily incomes between £1.48 and £2.50. Many rural villages remain unreached by government schooling and adult literacy stood at just 60 percent in 2011.
   Surya Karki and his charity United World Schools Nepal (UWS) are (tackling) high illiteracy and poverty rates by funding and improving education.

   The first school opened in 2015. Since then 92 percent of children have completed primary education, which finishes at age eight, and continued into secondary education with UWS schools, in comparison to 39 percent of students continuing education who attended government schools.
    Mr Karki was born into poverty in rural Nepal. Speaking to the Telegraph he said: “School is the only solution to the poverty cycle that we live in. I was raised by a single mother in a male- dominated society. The school that I went to was approximately two hours walk away. My house was on top of a hill and my mother had to drag me across rivers. We used to walk 10 miles a day. The schooling was really bad.” Karki’s mother was a firm believer in education, and at age eight Karki secured a scholarship to study in the capital,Kathmandu. From (there) he won scholarships and completed Master’s degrees in China and the United States. He returned to Nepal in 2015 and decided to stay and develop the education system. Karki said: “Inequalities in a country can only be decreased if there is access to knowledge.”
    The devastating earthquake in 2015 damaged 9,300 schools, (displacing) hundreds of thousands of families and pushing 700,000 people into poverty. As of January 2018, only 2,891 schools had been rebuilt. Karki said: “We came at a crucial time, where we could redo or undo what had been done badly. Education was really bad in terms of infrastructure, quality of teachers and training. It was an opportunity for us to really make things better.”
   UWS Nepal has so far built 30 schools and has seven more in construction. The schools run between 10 am and 3:30 am and have an 86 percent average attendance rate, which Karki says is almost double the attendance rate for government schools in the vicinity. Sexual health classes are taught to the children

Question 36: What is the main idea of the passage?
A. The disastrous earthquake in 2015 deteriorated the schooling system in Nepal.
B. A man born into poverty in Nepal inspired thousands of children to finish school.
C. It was not easy to be educated by a single mother in a male- dominated society.
D. Nepal successfully got rid of illiteracy thanks to the financial aid from the World Bank.
Question 37: The word “tackling” in the passage is closest in meaning to _________.
A. discussing       B. planning      C. addressing      D. suffering
Question 38: The word “there” in the passage refers to ______.
A. Karki’s house in Nepal
B. the school in China where Karki studied his Master’s degree
C. the school in Kathmandu where Karki studied
D. the school in the United States Karki studied his Master’s degree
Question 39: The word “displacing” in the passage mostly means _____.
A. causing people to panic                   B. bringing people safety
C. making people lose directions         D. making people homeless
Question 40: What can learn about Nepal from the passage?
A. Governmental schooling could reach even the most remote rural villages.
B. In 2011, just more than 50% of its population were able to read and write.
C. It currently has the population of just under 10 million people.
D. It used to have higher literacy rates than 31 other countries in the world.
Question 41: All of the following is TRUE about Surya Karki EXCEPT ________.
A. he used to travel a long way in order to get to school.
B. he obtained his first academic achievement at a very young age.
C. he was not raised by his father, which was a disadvantage in a male- dominated society.
D. he and his charity UWS started building their first school in 2011.
Question 42: Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
A. Karki and his organization have generally outperformed Nepal governmental schools in inspiring children to continue their schooling.
B. The obstacles faced by schools in Nepal were made more serious due to the harsh weather and the disastrous earthquake in 2015.
C. The schooling offered to Karki had been of higher quality than that offered to current students in Nepal.
D. School children in Nepal are bored with attending governmental schools and opting for attending UWS schools at higher levels.

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The transition of digital photography from the privilege of rich people to an ordinary home appliance has caused some problems. That is the reason a modern man has a set of questions concerning digital cameras. The basic problem in choosing a digital camera is the (guarantee) that the device you are purchasing will “grow old” in a couple of months due to constant improvements and developments of technology. The only factor that may delay this process of “growing old” is purchasing a device with the price twice or three times higher than the average market price for a digital camera at the moment. If a person chooses a digital camera, there are several criteria of a great priority he needs to keep in mind: the price and the image resolution of the camera, the capacity of the memory card, the presence of an LCD display, the interface of the device and (its) weight and size.
    The price of digital camera (depends on) its quality factors. The resolution of a digital camera or the “size of a digital image, is measured in pixels which are photosensitive elements. It is common knowledge that the bigger the amount of pixels in the camera properties is, the better it is. Therefore, if a high- detailed photo is required, the usage of the zoom on a digital camera with low resolution will not give the desired result. In this case, a person choosing a digital camera needs to exactly know what it will be used for and to choose it according to its future destination. It is necessary to mention that the resolution of 640x 480 is the lowest resolution any customer should be orientated to. It is the minimal resolution with which the purchase of a digital camera still remains reasonable.
    The lens of the camera or the zoom properties allows saving a lot on the price of the device but hits the quality of the pictures. The memory card is a very important issue, too. It is much better to choose a good camera with a small memory capacity than an average digital camera with a larger memory capacity. The presence of an LCD display is no longer a wish. It is a requirement for any digital camera. It allows people to check the future image, to anticipate it and to delete bad images and therefore to save space.

Question 36: What is the best title for this passage?
A. How to Choose a Digital Camera
B. The Transition of Digital Photography
C. Problems in Purchasing a Camera
D. Elements of a Digital Camera
Question 37: In the first paragraph, the word “guarantee” is closest in meaning to_______.
A. employee   B. guidance    C. chance    D. assurance
Question 38: What does the word “its” in paragraph 1 refers to_____.
A. the memory card   B. the camera   C. the display    D. the price
Question 39: In the second paragraph, the phrase “depends on” is closest in meaning to______.
A. is decided by    B. is created by    C. consists of    D. makes up
Question 40: According to paragraph 2, when we are talking about the resolution of a digital camera, all of the following are what we should be aware of EXCEPT_______.
A. the future destination of the camera
B. the lowest resolution any customer should be orientated to
C. the size and weight of the camera
D. The purpose the camera will be used for
Question 41: What can we infer from the passage?
A. The larger the capacity of the memory card is, the better the camera is.
B. It is not so necessary to pay attention to the presence of an LCD display.
C. The lens of the camera is useless.
D. The quality of the camera is much more important than the capacity of the memory card.
Question 42: According to the passage, which kind of cameras may a customer NOT TRUE?
A. A camera with a much higher price than the average market price.
B. A camera with minimal resolution but still sounds reasonable to purchase.
C. An average camera with a large memory capacity.
D. An excellent camera with a small memory capacity.

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Recently fans of top soaps, dramas and reality shows in the USA have started to get angry about the number and frequency of the adverts in the middle of the programmes. Sometimes it seems that the adverts are more important than the programmes themselves. For example, American dramas aren’t as long as they
were in the past. Nowadays in the US, an “hour- long” drama lasts about 40 minutes, whereas in the 1980s the programmes lasted 48 minutes. The rest is adverts.
    The ABC channel had slightly more adverts than other channels. But recently they’ve changed, which is even worse than before! Before, all their dramas had four sections. But now its producers separate each programmes into six sections. Usually the first section is approximately ten minutes long. Then they have the first break. When people have watched a programme for ten minutes, it’s much less probable that they will stop watching or change channels. But then, in the next 45 minutes, there are four more commercial breaks. Each break is about three and a half minutes long.
    All of this makes it much more difficult for dramas’ writers to write good stories. Quiet scenes make no impact because there are more and more adverts which are longer and longer. “It’s OK for game shows or more exciting adventure series” says American TV producer David Kelly. “But for programmes that don’t depend on violence or melodramatic scenes, it’s more difficult to make a story with six sections. The only thing you can do is be more aggressive, either with the music or the visual impact, just to attract people’s attention after the adverts”.

Question 31: Which could be the best title of the passage?
A. Adverts turn TV viewers off.
B. Commercial breaks increase productivity.
C. TV commercials are no longer in favour.
D. Modern advertising is an advantage.
Question 32: The phrase “the programmes” in paragraph 1 refers to ________.
A. reality shows  B. the ABC channels  C. American dramas   D. the adverts
Question 33: The word “probable” in paragraph 2 mostly means ______.
A. causing worry                          B. unable to believe
C. very difficult to deal with          D. likely to happen
Question 34: According to the passage, previously all of the ABC channel’s dramas________.
A. lasted 40 minutes          B. consisted of 4 parts
C. had six segments          D. were divided into 5 separate parts
Question 35: Which of the following is TRUE about game shows as stated in the passage?
A. Quiet scenes in game shows are important factors in attracting people’s attention.
B. It is possible to make them as six-part programmes.
C. They rely neither on violence nor melodramatic scenes.
D. They attract TV viewers by adverts lasting for three minutes.

Chọn trọng âm khác:

Question 3: A. capture         B. picture      C. ensure       D. pleasure
Question 4: A. enormous     B. annoying    C. similar      D. dependent

Chọn đáp án đúng:

Question 5: She’s finished the course, _______?
A. isn’t she    B. doesn’t she    C. didn’t she    D. hasn’t she
Question 6: My wedding ring _______ of yellow and white gold.
A. is made   B. is making    C. made    D. were made
Question 7: Jim is _______ London, looking after his aunt in the hospital.
A. on     B. onto    C. in    D. from
Question 8: ______ we walk, the sooner we will get there.
A. the more quick  B. the quicker  C. the most quickly  D. The more quickly
Question 9: They take their ______ children to the park every day.
A. lovely African small young       B. African small young lovely
C. lovely small young African       D. young lovely African small
Question 10: He was playing football when he _______.
A. fallen over    B. fell over    C. was falling    D. fall over
Question 11: She is fed up with sharing a house with others, _______, she is looking for her own flat.
A. moreover     B. therefore    C. however      D. although
Question 12: _______, we will leave.
A. As soon as it has stopped raining       B. Once it stopped raining
C. When it had stopped          D. While it was stopping raining
Question 13: _______ her homework, she watched her favorite movie.
A. Having finished    B. Finished    C. To finish    D. Being finished
Question 14: Nowadays there are many ________ forms of entertainment everywhere.
A. variety     B. vary     C. various     D. variously
Question 15: Please turn ______ the volume on the radio – it’s far too loud!
A. down        B. up       C. into      D. on
Question 16: Penny ______ a good impression on my parents. She is so polite.
A. did         B. made       C. built       D. caused
Question 17: In modern family, each member should give a hand to share the household___________.
A. chores       B. works      B. contributions      D. charges
Question 18: The commission estimates that at least seven companies took _______ of the program.
A. advantage      B. use       C. benefit      D. dominance
Question 19: She’s a very strict teacher. If any of her students step out of ______, she gets really angry.
A. place        B. order       C. line     D. position

Chọn từ trái nghĩa:

Question 22: She phoned me this afternoon at the office and we had a (brief) chat.
A. lengthy     B. friendly    C. short    D. private
Question 23: You should (take the bull by the horns) and go and see him now.
A. face directly  B. respond eagerly  C. avoid completely  D. change slightly

Một dao động điều hòa mà 3 thỏi điểm liên tiếp t₁, t₂, t₃ với t₃-t₁=3.(t₃-t₂) li độ có giá trị là -x₁=x₂=x₃=\(3\sqrt{3}\) cm. Thời điểm t₁ vật đi theo chiều dương. Tính biên độ của dao động

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It is hard to argue that the actual contribution to development amounts to a great deal directly. Whilst volunteer tourists can get involved in building homes or schools, they have usually paid a significant fee for the opportunity to be involved in this work: money that, if donated to a local community directly,
could potentially pay for a greater amount of labor than the individual volunteer could ever hope to provide. This is especially so in the case of gap years, in which the level of technical skill or professional experience required of volunteers is (negligible). Hence, it is unsurprising that many academic studies
allude to the moral issue of whether gap year volunteering is principally motivated by altruism – a desire to benefit the society visited – or whether young people aim to generate “cultural capital” which benefits them in their careers. However, the projects may play a role in developing people who will, in the course of their careers and lives, act ethically in favor of those less well-off.
   Volunteering may lead to greater international understanding; enhanced ability to solve conflicts; widespread and democratic participation in global affairs through global civic society organizations; and growth of international social networks among ordinary people. In this scenario, the whole is greater than
the sum of its parts, an outcome where benefits accrue to volunteers and host communities, and contribute to the global greater good. However, if volunteering is largely limited to individuals of means from wealthier areas of the world, it may give these privileged volunteers an international perspective, and a career boost, but it will do little for people and communities who currently lack access to international voluntary work. Those who volunteer will continue to reap its benefits, using host organizations and host communities as (a rung on the ladder) of personal advancement.

Question 28: Which best serves as the title of the passage?
A. Voluntary work             B. Volunteer tourism
C. Volunteer issues          D. Voluntary potential
Question 29: What is money paid by tourists probably used to do?
A. build homes and schools        B. pay for the volunteer
C. to pay for the labor                  D. do the charity
Question 30: The word “negligible” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to_____?
A. important          B. significant
C. vast                  D. unimportant
Question 31: Which of the following is NOT the benefit volunteer tourism bring about?
A. Greater international understanding   B. Enhanced ability to solve conflicts
C. Reduction violence affairs                                                                               D. Growth of international social networks among ordinary people
Question 32: The phrase “a rung on the ladder” in paragraph 2 refers to_____________?
A. a stage    B. a match     C. a play    D. an advantage

Chọn đáp án đúng:

Study of the origins and distribution of human populations used to be based on archaeological and fossil evidence. A number of techniques developed since the 1950s, however, have placed the study of these subjects on a sounder and more objective footing. The best information on early population movements is
now being obtained from the “archaeology of the living body”, the clues to be found in genetic material.
   Recent work on the problem of when people first entered the Americas is an example of the value of these new techniques. North-east Asia and Siberia have long been accepted as the launching ground for the first human colonisers of the New World. But was there one major wave of migration across the Bering
Strait into the Americas, or several? And when did this event, or events, take place? In recent years, new clues have come from research into genetics, including the distribution of genetic markers in modern Native Americans.
     An important project, led by the biological anthropologist Robert Williams, focused on the variants (called GM allotypes) of one particular protein – immunoglobin G – found in the fluid portion of human blood. All proteins “drift”, or produce variants, over the generations, and members of an interbreeding
human population will share a set of such variants. Thus, by comparing the GM allotypes of two different populations (e.g. two Indian tribes), one can establish their genetic “distance”, which itself can be calibrated to give an indication of the length of time since these populations last interbred.
   Williams and his colleagues sampled the blood of over 5,000 American Indians in western North America during a twenty-year period. They found that their GM allotypes could be divided into two groups, one of which also corresponded to the genetic typing of Central and South American Indians. Other tests showed that the Eskimo and Aleut formed a third group. From this evidence it was deduced that there had been three major waves of migration across the Bering Strait. The first, Paleo Indian, was more than 15,000 years ago was ancestral to all Central and South American Indians. The second wave, about 14,000-12,000 years ago, brought Na-Dene hunters, ancestors of the Navajo and Apache who migrated south from Canada about 600 to 7000 years ago. The third wave, perhaps 10,000 or 9,000 years ago, saw the migration from
North-east Asia of groups ancestral to the modern Eskimo and Aleut.

Question 21: Which of the following best serves as the title of the passage?
A. When the migration in America happened.
B. The relationship between population movements and genetics.
C. Distribution of human population in America.
D. The evidences of genetics in America.
Question 22: Where did scientists find out the information on early population movements?
A. From human distribution
B. From archeological documents of living creatures.
C. From fossil evidence
D. From genetic material of the living body
Question 23: According to Robert Williams, Gm allotypes of immunoglobin G in human blood show one person belongs to an interbreeding human population_______?
A. Because of a similar set of variants.
B. Because the protein, immunoglobin G, produces variants.
C. When a population establishes genetic distance.
D. When the populations interbred.
Question 24: The word “indication” paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to_________?
A. discussion     B. statement      C. suggestion      D. idea
Question 25: When did Robert William start to do research on blood samples of American Indians?
A. 9,000 years ago  B. 600 years ago  C. 5,000 years ago  D. 20 years ago
Question 26: Which of the following is NOT mentioned in paragraph 4?
A. Williams had another research in Arizona.
B. Williams found out major waves of immigration.
C. Williams showed the milestones of each wave.
D. Williams studied the ancestors of Eskimo and Aleut.
Question 27: The word “their” paragraph 4 refers to________?
A. William and his colleagues       B. American Indians
C. Blood samples                          D. Two populations