EXERCISE 1. Rewrite these sentences

1. Fewer people came to the party than he anticipated. There weren’t.......................................................

2. Sheila usually behaves dreadfully, but she didn’t this time. Sheila didn’t.................................................

3. I see less of her than I used to.                                              I don’t see.........................................................

4. We enjoyed the evening more than the children.              The children................................................

5. Is this the best price you can offer?                                Can’t you.................................................

6. This is the best party I’ve ever been to. I’ve...........................................................

7. I thought this meal would cost more than it did.                  This meal.................................................   

8. If you walk slowly, it takes longer to get there.                     The more..................................................

9. This is the most delicious cake I’ve ever tasted.                  ⇒ I’ve...............................................   

10. I’ve never met any more dependable person than George. ⇒ George is........................................

11. There isn’t anybody as kind-hearted as your mother.         ⇒ Your mother is.........................................

12. There is no better teacher in this school than Mr John.        ⇒ Mr John is................................................ 

13. Have you got any bigger than that one?                            ⇒ Is this...............................................?

Exercise  1:  Inversion form

1. If it stopped raining, we could go out and go home.
……………………..raining, we could go out and go home.
2.If dad had been hungry, he would have eaten something.
…………………….hungry, he would have eaten something.
3. If we had had a camera, we might have taken some photos of the wedding.
……………………….a camera, we might have taken some photos of the wedding.
4.If they buy expensive clothes, they will spend all the money.
………………………..expensive clothes, they will spend all the money.
5.If she comes late again, she may lose her job.
………………late again, she may lose her job.
6. If She knew a little English, she could start that job.
………………………..a little English, she could start that job.
7. If I had known the truth, I would have told you.
……………………………….the truth, I would have told you.
8. If we go by taxi, we won't be late.
………………………………..by taxi, we won't be late.
9. If Tom had studied harder, he could have passed the exam.
…………………………………….harder, he could have passed the exam.
10. If she were at home, she would answer the phone.
………………………………………….at home, she would answer the phone.

I. Rewrite these sentences using reduced form

1. It was the first car that I ever drove 

2. He was the first man who said so rude words to me. 

3. She was the first woman who was elected to paliament. 

4. Harry isn’t the kind of person who gets on with everyone.

5. In the whole book there was only one chapter which interested me

6. There is only one Greek island which I haven’t visited

7. It’s the long winters here that really depress most people.

8. Do you like the person who sits next to you in class? 

9. The letter that arrive this morning contained bad news. 

10. There is no one who I would prefer to you as a co-driver.

11. This is the school which I used to go to 1

12. The policeman who arrested her had recognised her car. 

13. That’s the shop from which I got my shoes. 

14. Can you move the chair on which you are sitting? 

15. I don’t believe the story that she told us.

16. The person who finishes first will be the winner. 

17. The last guests who were late didn’t have enough to eate

18. The man who was arrested yesterday escaped again.

19. I lent you the book which was written by a friend of mine.

20. The book which was published last year became a best seller. 

I. Rewrite these sentences using reduced form

1. It was the first car that I ever drove

…………………………………………………………………

2. He was the first man who said so rude words to me.

…………………………………………………………………

3. She was the first woman who was elected to paliament.

…………………………………………………………………

4. Harry isn’t the kind of person who gets on with everyone.

……………………………………………………………………

5. In the whole book there was only one chapter which interested me

…………………………………………………………………….

6. There is only one Greek island which I haven’t visited

…………………………………………………………………….

7. It’s the long winters here that really depress most people.

……………………………………………………………………

8. Do you like the person who sits next to you in class?

……………………………………………………………………

9. The letter that arrive this morning contained bad news.

……………………………………………………………………

10. There is no one  who I would prefer to you as a co-driver.

……………………………………………………………………

11. This is the school which I used to go to

…………………………………………………………………….

12. The policeman who arrested her had recognised her car.

……………………………………………………………………

13. That’s the shop from which I got my shoes.

……………………………………………………………………

14. Can you move the chair on which you are sitting?

……………………………………………………………………

15. I don’t believe the story that she told us.

……………………………………………………………………

16. The person who finishes first will be the winner.

……………………………………………………………………

17. The last guests who were late didn’t have enough to eate.

……………………………………………………………………

18. The man who was arrested yesterday escaped again.

……………………………………………………………………

19. I lent you the book which was written by a friend of mine.

……………………………………………………………………

20. The book which was published last year became a best seller.

……………………………………………………………………

Exercise 1: Using Present participle phrase to combine each pair of sentences into one.

1.     Who saw the boy? He swam in the pool two hours ago.

……………………………………………………………………………………………..

2.     The man is a clown. He is trying to stand on a ball.

……………………………………………………………………………………………..

3.     The envelope has no stamp on it. It lies on the table.

……………………………………………………………………………………………..

4.     My grandmother is old and sick. She never goes out of the house.

…………………………………………………………………………………………..

5.     The street is very wide. It leads to the school.

……………………………………………………………………………………………..

6.     Mr. John is my friend. He teaches my son English.

……………………………………………………………………………………………..

7.     The students are sitting for the exam. They are from Singapore.

……………………………………………………………………………………………..

8.     The fence surrounds our house. It is made of wood.

……………………………………………………………………………………………..

9.     The man works in this hospital. He can speak three foreign languages.

……………………………………………………………………………………………..   

10. A bus goes to the airport. It runs every half an hour.

……………………………………………………………………………………………..

I. Put the verbs into the correct tenses.

1.- The fire ………………………… (already/reach) the roof by the time the firemen arrived.

2.-Joe Smith went to prison because he …..…………. (steal) a lot of money.

3.-Helen went to bed after she …………………… (watch) her favourite TV programme.

4.-My father bought the new car after he ……………….. (try) it a few times.

5.-By the time Sonia got to the party, everyone ……………………. (begin) dancing.

6.-Lorenzo …………………….. (eat) all the ice cream before I opened the fridge.

7.-There was a lot of snow outside because it ……………….. (snow) earlier in that day.

8.-Beatriz didn’t pass the test because she ………………….. (not study) at all.

9.-Look! Somebody …………………… (leave) the windows open.

10.-By the time the police arrived, the burglar ……………….. (break)into my neighbour’s house.

11.-The girl felt guilty because she …………………. (drink) all the milk.

12.-Our flat was robbed because we …………………. (not lock) the front door.

13.-My father couldn’t find the money because he …………….. (hide) it in a drawer.

14.-Leonard didn’t have money for the bus because he …………. (forget) to ask his mother.

15.- My cousin ………………… (never/visit) a mine until his father took him one day.

16.-Her bicycle wasn’t there because a friend ……………..… (take) it without asking her.

17.-Daniel was arrested after he …….…………… (escape) from prison.

18.-When Kathy met Jonathan, he ………………….. (join) the Navy.

19.- Before they arrived at the airport, they …………….. (pay) the taxi driver.

20.-His dog …………………. (die) two weeks ago. He was very sad.

II. Rewrite the sentences starting with the word(s) given:

    1. I've never had such a marvelous opportunity before.

         This is……………………………………………………….. 

   2. John last saw his parents ten years ago.

         John has ………………………………………………………..
   3. I've never read such an interesting book.

         This is………………………………………………………..    
   4. We haven't heard from them since 1st August.

         We last ………………………………………………………..

   5. You've never made a complaint about it before.

         This is the first time……………………………………………………….. 

   6. Our 25th anniversary is at the end of the year.

         By the end of the year we………………………………………………………....

   7. Do you have anything fixed for Saturday evening?

         What are ……………………………………………………….. 

   8. I haven't been to the cinema for two months.

         It's  ………………………………………………………..
   9. Do you have any experience driving this kind of car?

         Have you ………………………………………………………..   

 10. Jack left before I arrived at the office.

          When I ………………………………………………………..

11. I intended to call you yesterday but I forgot.         (going)

...............................................................................................................................................

12. Paul had the irritating habit of making trouble.   (always)

...............................................................................................................................................

13. Diane was not always as rude as that.  ( be)

...............................................................................................................................................

14. I felt happy about the improvement in Jean’s condition.   (better)

...............................................................................................................................................

15. What were you doing at the moment of the explosion?   (when)

...............................................................................................................................................

16. I had to go pass your house so I decided to drop in.    (passing)

...............................................................................................................................................

17. Eating Chiness food is new to me.    (before)

...............................................................................................................................................

18. When is the train due to arrive?         (get)

...............................................................................................................................................

19. I shouldn’t think Paul knows the answer.   ( doubt)

...............................................................................................................................................

20. Brenda had no idea of her next move.   (what)

...............................................................................................................................................

21. To get to work on time I have to get up at 6.00.   (means)

...............................................................................................................................................

22.  This matter is one of your business.  (concern)

...............................................................................................................................................

I. Use the right form of TO – INFINITIVE or GERUND/ PASSIVE INFINITIVE or GERUND:

1. We want (pay)_________ better wages.

2. Do you want (become)____________ an engineer?

3. These workers don’t enjoy (use)__________ as cheap labour.

4. Teenagers enjoy (imitate)__________ their idol in many different ways.

5. The Negro expected (treat)__________ like human beings.

6. My new hi-fi kept (make)__________ a funny noise.

7. We hope (invite)_________ to discussions with the company.

8. Your teacher hopes you (not make) ___________ that mistake again.

9. I’m thinking of (invite)________ to Tom’s party.

10. Do you agree (lend)_________ me some money?

11. Do you agree (give)_________ one mark in that situation?

12. He was made (answer)________ the question by the police.

13. He allowed me ( use) ________ his typewriter.

14. The mail is supposed (deliver)_________ at noon.

15. I don’t appreciate (interrupt)__________ when I’m speaking.

16. Please quit (smoke) _______ right now. I can’t stand the smelling.

17. Mrs. Brown was sad about (steal)__________ a lot of precious jewelries.

18. She hates (look)________ at by the others.