3) \(\left(x+2\right)^4+\left(x+4\right)^4=16\)
Đặt x + 3 = a, ta được
\(\left(a-1\right)^4+\left(a+1\right)^4=16\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[\left(a-1\right)^2\right]^2+\left[\left(a+1\right)^2\right]^2=16\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a^2-2a+1\right)^2+\left(a^2+2a+1\right)^2=16\)
\(\Rightarrow a^4+4a^2+1+2a^2-4a^3-4a+a^4+4a^2+1+2a^2+4a^3+4a=16\)
\(\Rightarrow2a^4+2.4a^2+2+2.2a^2=16\)
\(\Rightarrow2a^4+8a^2+4a^2+2=16\)
\(\Rightarrow2a^4+12a^2+2-16=0\)
\(\Rightarrow2a^4+12a^2-14=0\)
\(\Rightarrow2a^4-2a^2+14a^2-14=0\)
\(\Rightarrow2a^2\left(a^2-1\right)+14\left(a^2-1\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a^2-1\right)\left(2a^2+14\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a-1\right)\left(a+1\right).2\left(a^2+7\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a-1\right)\left(a+1\right)\left(a^2+7\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a-1=0\\a+1=0\\a^2+7=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vì \(a^2\ge0\) với mọi a
\(\Rightarrow a^2+7\ge7\) với mọi a
\(\Rightarrow a^2+7\) vô nghiệm
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a-1=0\\a+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+3-1=0\\x+3+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+2=0\\x+4=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\x=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)