2. Sơ đồ tổ chức bộ máy chính quyền thời Lê sơ:

3. chính sách "ngụ binh ư nông" có nghĩa là gửi binh ở nhà nông và là sự liên kết giữa nông nghiệp và quân sự. bên cạnh sự phát triển của nông nghiệp, nhà Lý cũng cần phải phát triển quân sự để phòng bị nước bạn xâm chiếm nhưng do dân nước Đại Cồ Việt không thể đông, nhiều và hùng mạnh như ở nước bạn và cung không đủ lương thực để phục vụ đời sống của nhân dân nên nhà Lý đã thực hiện chính sách "ngụ binh ư nông". Có thể nói chính sách này rất hợp lí sau đó được áp dụng với các triều đại nhà Trần,.... nhưng đến triều đại Hậu Lê thì bị xóa bỏ

- Ta có thể phân chia các quả đó thành 2 nhóm :

+ Qủa khô

+ Qủa thịt

- Đặc điểm em đã dùng

* Qủa khô : khi chín vỏ : khô ,cứng ,mỏng

Ta có thể chia qủa khô thành 2 loại :

+ Qủa khô nẻ : khi chín ,vỏ quả tự tách ra được

+ Qủa khô không nẻ : khi chín ,vỏ quả không tự tách ra được

* Qủa thịt : khi chín mềm ,vỏ dày ,chứa đầy thịt quả

Ta có thể chia quả thịt thành 2 loại :

+ Qủa mọng : quả khi chín gồm toàn thịt quả

+ Qủa hạch : quả có hạch cứng bọc lấy hạt

Chúc bạn học ngày càng giỏi !

Dựa vào đặc điểm của vỏ quả có thể chia các quả thành hai nhóm là quả khô và quả thịt.

Đặc điểm dùng để phân chia:

+ Quả khô khi chín thì vỏ khô,cứng và mỏng.Có 2 loại quả khô:

-Quả khô nẻ.VD:quả cải,quả đậu Hà Lan,...

-Quả khô không nẻ:quả thìa là,quả chò,...

+Quả thịt khi chín thì mềm,vỏ dày chứa đầy thịt quả.

-Quả toàn thịt gọi là quả mọng.VD:quả cà chua,quả đu đủ,...

-Quả có hạch cứng bọc lấy hạt là quả hạch.VD:quả mơ,quả táo,...

Last summer, I went to Cua lo with my family. We went there by car, it is very far from my house, it is about 400 km, so we were very tired, but at one we felt better when we saw the sea.

Cua lo beach is really interesting, the beach is very large, flat, and it has a lot of sand. Waves are very strong, you will be very excited when you play with it. There are a lot of beauty spots, and good seafood there

We stayed in Binh Minh hotel. It was a very nice and comfortable hotel, it’s also rather near the sea.

The weather was hot and sunny all day. The sea was cool and clear, because it was very windy in the afternoon. We went swimming twice a day. My children was excited about it. The food was extremely delicious but not very expensive.

We took a lot of Photograps of the sea, bought a lot of seafood especially octopus and some sea present for our relatives

After a week in Cua lo beach we felt happy and stronger.

We hope to go there again.

Viết lại câu mà nghĩa ko đổi:

1, I'm free on Monday evening.

=> I'm not busy on Monday evening

2, I have a plan to see a detective movie tonight.

=> I'm going to see a detective movie tonight

3, I want to see the movie.

=> I would like to see the movie

4, This kind of music is very popular among teenagers.

=> Many teenagers like this kind of music

5, Life in the past isn't as comfortable as life now adays.

=> Life nowadays is more comfortable than life in the past

6, He's a skillful volleyball player

=> He plays volleyball skillfully

7, This cinema shows very good films

=> There are very good films at this cinema

8, Don't play near the water

=> You should not play near the water

9, It's fun to walk outdoors

=> Walking outdoors is fun

10, Radios are cheaper than TV sets

=> TV sets are more expensive than radios

85. Good afternoon. Can I help you? – Yes. I (bring)……brought………...my watch to youfor repair 3 weeks ago. Is it ready yet?

86. I wanted to be the first to teel her the news, but I was too late. Someone (already tell)……had already told………………her.

87. He (come) …came……in to the room a moment after I (get)…had got…. there.

88. I hardly (be)…was……there 5 minutes when Mrs . Brown (come)…came………in with the coffee.

89. Scarcely they (move)………had moved…….. into the new house when their friends (come)…came…..in.

90. I (meet)………had met……...John before I (be)…………have been….. a fortnight in Paris.

91. He had no sooner (reach)…reached…..the door than he (come)…came….back.

92. He (have)…had……a bad fall while he (repair)…was repairing……his roof.

93. By the end of this month, I hope, I (write)……will have written………………200 pages of my new novel.

94. It (take)…took….a moment before Nick (realise)……realized……...he (offer)……had offered… a cigarette by the stranger.

95. While he ( learn)…was learning…. to drive he (have)…had…… 25 accidents.

96. It’s no using getting inpatient.The plane (not arrive)…will not arrive…..until the weather (clear)…clears…up.

97. I (think) …have thought…..about you a lot lately and I (come)…came…… to the conclusion that I( not be) …am not…..able to live without you.

98. I don’t mind ( wait)…waiting……I’d rather (be)……be………….too early than too late.

99. Those students who (fail)…failed……the exam are going to take another one held in August.

100. “ I am just going out to get an evening paper.” “ But it (rain)……is raining….Why dont you (not wait)…wait…..till the rain (stop)…stops……?

101. I (think)…think…… your father’s health (improve)…has improved……so much since I (see)…saw…him last.

102. Don’t worry. We (finish)…will have finished…… ……..the report by 11.

103. Listen to this ! I think this news ( surprise)…will surprise………you.

104. When I first (come)…came….to this village, it was quiet place. But since then the population( double)…has doubled……and a lot of leisure facilities (build)…have been built…….

105. Hurry up or you (be)…will be…. ……….late for class.

106. The Ajax shoe company (employ)…will employ…. 25 new men next month.

107. Don’t talk to me . I (try)…am trying……… to learn this page by heart.

108. A:Call a doctor quickly! The old man (die)…is dying……..

B: The doctor is on the way. He (just leave)…has just left……..his house.

109. Don’t be upset.I ( understand)…understand……….perfectly.

110. We must take umbrella. It (rain)……is raining………….

111. Wood usually (float)……floats……. on the water.

112. Look out! The ceiling (fall)………is falling………in.

113. It’s too late. Nothing (matter)……matters…….. now.

114. I (listen) …was listening…… to the radio when you (ring)……rang……..the bell first time , and that’s why I (not hear)……didn't hear…….you.

115. At school, We (learn)……learn..two foreign languages.

116. As a boy , I (always read)……read…….I always (have)…have……..my nose in a book.

117. John (learn)…had learned…….English for seven years, and at last he (master)……mastered…the irregular verbs.

118. It (rain)……was raining… but it (stop)…stops……….. now.

119. When I (open)…opened…..the door this morning I (see)…saw… a man on his knees.

120. When I (ask)…asked……him what he (do)…did……, he (say)…said…. that he (drop)…had dropped……a 50p piece outside the door and (look)…was looking……for it.

121. By the time I (recover)…recover……. from the shock he (disappear)……will have disappeared…round the corner.

122. I am going to write John as soon as I (have)…have…….spare moment.

123. The thief was arressted as he (leave)…left……. the bank.

124. We (send)…will send…… the money as soon as the goods are delivered.

125. Before we (go)…went…very far we found that we (lose)……had lost………. our way.

126. By the end of this year I (be)……will have been……..here for fifteen years.

127. After I (hear)…had heard……. the news yesterday evening I (hurry)……hurried…… to see him.

128. I (not give)………will not give……anather cake till you (finish)……have finished….your milk.

129. I’m busy at the moment. I (decorate)………am decorating…….the living room.

130. I see that Tom (write)……is writing………..his composition.

131. He says that he (look)……will look…….for a job next week.

132. They think he (be)……was………here last night.

133. He tells us that he (be)……has been………..to the mountains before.

134. I hoped that he (be)……would be…….. able to attend.

135. He wants to do it before his father (come)………comes………………

136. The student who answered the question (be)……is………..John.

137. This is the house that Jack (build)……built…………..three years ago.

138. Mary (have)……was having……….. dinner when her friend called.

139. John (live)……has lived………… in the same house since he left school.

140. Shut all the windows before you (go)………go………….out.

141. You may begin when you (be)……are………….ready.

142. I see that Henry (write)………is writing………… his composition now.

143. I had done what (be)…………was………necessary.

144. They had found that the road (be)……………was……………very long.

145. I saw that I (make)………had made……………..a mistake.

146. We find that we (take)……took……………….a wrong way.

147. I want to know how long she (live)………has lived………..here.

148. I didn’t know who (help)……helped………him.

149. Do you hear what she (just,say)………has just said…………….?

150. They believe that the police (capture)……will capture…………the thief soon.

151. Did John say he (call)…would call………….you again?

152. She has thought that the work (be)………was………….easy.

153. She said that she (get)……would get…………married soon.

154. He thinks that it (rain)………will rain………….tonight.

155. The students had thought that the English test (be)………was……….rather difficult.

157. Please be quiet! I (work)……………am working……

158. When I (be) ………was………..a child,I (want)……wanted………..to be a doctor

159. Up to now, the teacher (give)……………has given………. our class 5 tests

160. I (not send)…will not send…………..the parcel until I hear from you.

161. It (rain)……was raining……….when we arrived.

162. Bill said he (forget)……forgot………………to buy a dictionary

163. He felt asleep while he (do)………was doing………his homework.

164. At this time next week, we (live)……will be living…………..in USA.

165. John (watch)…………was watching………….TV at 8 last evening.

166. By the end of last March, I (study)………will have studied……………….English for 5 years.

167. By next month. I (finish)………will have finished………my first novel.

168. By this time next week, he (write)………will have written………..his novel for 6 months.

169. By the time you arrive, I (finish)…will have finished…………….writing an essay.

170. He might get fat if he (stop)…………didn't stop………..smoking.

171. If I had seen the movie, I (tell)………would have told………………you about it last night.

172. If she (work)………worked……………harder, she would probably get a better salary.

173. If I (find)……find………. The book, I shall give it to you.

174. If she ( not hurry)…doesn't hurry……….., she may be late.

Put each verb in brackets into a suitable tense.

1. He bought a Vietnamese-English dictionary and (give)………gave………..it to me.

2. The coffee was all right,but the cream (be)…………was………..sour.

3. He has a piano and a violin, but he ( not have)……doesn't have…….a flute.

4. He says that he (arrive)………will arrive……..on time tomorrow.

5. She says that she (arrive)……arrived……..on time yesterday.

6. I think that Victor (be)……will be………late.

7. He said that he (graduate)………had graduated……….from university in 1991.

8. We thought they ( move)……had moved………to Califoria.

9. The teacher said that water ( consist)……consists….. of hydrogen and oxygen.

10. I (be)…will be …….there when you arrive.

11. They were still waiting when I ( get)………​got……..there.

12. He has worked very hard since he ( be)………was………here.

13. We have just come in when you (call)……call……..

14. We’ll have already gone before you (get )……get………back.

15. We decided to go home because it ( be )………was…….very late.

16. We have been very busy while they ( be)……were……..here.

17. I haven’t seen him since he (arrive)……arrived……..

18. The teacher gave us too many assignments, that we (can not)…couldn't……go to the concert.

19. It was such a beautiful day that I (feel)……felt….like taking a walk.

20. He works on sundays so that he (can)…can……earn money to pay his tuition.

21. I (be)………have been……… busy since we last met.

22. I’m very fond of Jane but I (not see)………haven't seen……….muc of her lately.

23. There (be)……have been…..no guests at all since I left?

24. I have never(see)……seen…….anyone more beautifulthan your wife.

25. I (meet)………am going to meet………..your husband this afternoon at the station.

26. He solved the problem more quickly than I (do)……did…….

27. This one of the best books that I (ever read)………have ever read………….

28. She has already telephoned the people who (come)…will come……tomorrow.

29. I’ll never forget the kindness that you (show)………have showen………me.

30. Are they the Italians who (own)……own…… this store?

31. It was the Smiths who (call)……called…….you.

32. She left her home last week and nobody (see)…has seen…….her since.

33. The video film is so interesting that I (see)……have seen……it twice.

34. It is the first time I (meet)………have met………..him here.

35. It was at the age of 14 that Jack London (leave)……left……school and (become)……became……a sailor.

36. The video film was so interesting that I (see)……have seen……it twice.

37. It was the first time they (ever meet)………have ever met……….

38. The news (be)…was……quite alarming yesterday.

39. We (not live)……haven't been living….. in England for two years now.

40. I ( never forget)……will never forget……..what you (just tell)…have just told……….me.

41. They (prepare)……are preparing…….. the christmas dinner at the moment.

42. When I last (stay)…stayed…… in Cairo,I (ride)……rode…to the Pyramids on a camel that my friend (borrow)……had borrowed…… the day before.

43. Our teacher (tell)………told………… us yesterday that he (visit)…had visited……England in 1970.

44. George (work)…………has worked…………at the university so far.

45. When he lived in Manchester,he (work)……worked…..in a bank.

46. Birds (build)……build………their nests in the summer and (fly)…fly….to the south in winter.

47. I (lose)…………have lost…………my key. Can you help me look for it?

48. My father (not smoke)……………hasn't smoked………….for 5 years.

49. My teacher wasn’t at home when I (arrive)……arrived……He (just go)…has just gone….out

50. How long have Bod and Mary (be)……been……married?

51. Have You (receive)………received………….any letter from your parents yet?

52. My brother (join)……joined……the army when he (be)…was…….young.

53. I (see)…saw…. a car accident while I (wait)……was waiting…..for you at this corner yesterday.

54. Mr.John (be)……has been…..principal of our school since last year.

55. Mr. Smith (teach)……has taught……….at this school since he (graduate)………graduated………..in 1990.

56. My father (not watch)……doesn't watch….TV every night.

57. I (meet)………met…………. Arthur 3 weeks ago.

58. Yesterday the police (report)……reported……that they (capture)…………had captured…………..the thief.

59. My friend (thank)…………thanked………me for what I had done for him.

60. Someone (steal)……has stolen…….. my handbag on the bus.

61. The Browns (live)…has lived…. in Paris for 7 years when the second world war (break)……broke…. out.

62. Last month I (be)…………had been………….in the hospital for ten days.

63. Don’t call me in the afternoon. I am usually (be)………………...away in the afternoon.

64. John (drive)……has driven…..that car ever since I (know)……knew….him.

65. People (speak)……speak….English in most of Canada.

66. The dog (wag)…wags……his tail whenever he (see)…sees……me.

67. I (never see)……have never seen……anyone more punctual than your brother.

68. I (meet)…met…. your brother this afternoon at Green Street.

69. He (light)……lighted…. a cigarrette and (walk)…walked……to the window.

70. The performance (begin)……begins…….at 7 o’clock and (last)……lasts………..for 3 hours.

71. “Have You (be)…been….here before? ” - Yes, I (spend)…spent…..my holidays here last year.

72. He (leave)…left………for London 2 years ago and I (not see)…havrn't seen…..him since.

73. chiu You (be)…………………to the laboratory this week?

74. Thousands of people (see)……will have seen….. this exhibition by the end of the month.

75. By the time you (finish)……finish……. cooking they (do)………will have done……… their homework.

76. I don’t think he (change)…has changed……in the thirty years I (know)…has known..him.

77. Then about a year ago he (disappear)……disappeared…….and I (never hear)…have never heard…… from him since.

78. My father (fight)…………. for 4 years in the last war.

79. I’m taking my daughter out tonight. She (not have)………hasnt had…..fun for a long time.

80. When I (look)……looked…… at my suitcase,I could see that somebody (try)……trying….to open it.

81. When we (get)……got……. to the restaurant, we (find)……found….that nobody (remember)…………had remebered………..to reserve a table.

82. The doctor (examine)…examines…….him, and that he (break)……has broken…..his arm.

83. As soon as she arrived England, she (find)…found…..that the language (be)…was…quite different from the English that she (learn)……had learned…………..at school.

84. I’m going to bed. I (work)………have been working………..for hours and I’m tired.

85. Good afternoon. Can I help you? – Yes. I (bring)……brought………...my watch to youfor repair 3 weeks ago. Is it ready yet?

86. I wanted to be the first to teel her the news, but I was too late. Someone (already tell)……………has already told………her.

87. He (come) …will come…in to the room a moment after I (get)…get…. there.

88. I had hardly (be)…been……there 5 minutes when Mrs . Brown (come)……came……in with the coffee.

89. Scarcely they (move)………had moved…….. into the new house when their friends (come)…came…..in.

90. I (meet)………have met……...John before I (be)………was…….. a fortnight in Paris.

91. He no sooner (reach)…have reached…..the door than he (come)…comes….back.

92. He (have)…had……a bad fall while he (repair)……was repairing…his roof.

93. By the end of this month, I hope, I (write)…………will have written…………200 pages of my new novel.

94. It (take)…took….a moment before Nick (realise)………relised…...he (offer)…was being offered…… a cigarette by the stranger.

95. While he ( learn)…was learning…. to drive he (have)…had…… 25 accidents.

96. It’s no using getting inpatient.The plane (not arrive)…won't arrive…..until the weather (clear)…clears…up.

97. I (think) …have thought…..about you a lot lately and I (come)…had come…… to the conclusion that I( not be) …won't be…..able to live without you.

98. I don’t mind ( wait)…waiting……I’d rather (be)………to be……….too early than too late.

99. Those students who (fail)…faling……the exam are going to take another one held in August.

a, 2⁷ và 7²

2⁷ = 128                      ;              7² = 49

vậy 2⁷ > 7²

b, 3¹¹ và 17⁴

3¹¹ =  177147      ; 17⁴ = 83521

vậy 3¹¹ > 17⁴

Ex5: Rewrite these sentences

1. Lan learns Math very well.

=> Lan is very .good at math..

2. Lam has ten days off for this summer vacation.

=> Lam has a .ten-day off for this summer vacation..

3. Do you enjoy listening to music ?

=> Are .you interested in listening to music?.

4. I think that learning English is important.

=> I find .learning english important..

5. The tickets to the show are too expensive for us.

=> The tickets to the show cost ..too much for us.

6. The police questioned everybody in the house.

=> Everybody .was questioned in the house by the police..

7. They sell tickets at the gate of the tourist site.

=> Tickets .are sold by them at the gate of the tourist site..

8. Be careful or you'll hurt yourself.

=> If you are .be careless, you will hurt yourself..

9. Neither Mary or her sister studied arts at school. (either)

=> Mary never studied arts at school and ..her sister does, either.

10. I think Vinh acted better than Quang in that play. (as)

=> I think Quang didn't .as good as.. Vinh in that play.

11. Both Anna and her brother are fond of watching water puppet. (too)

=> Anna is fond of watching water puppet and .her brother is, too.. (too).

12. We couldn't keep on cleaning the streets because of the heavy rain.

=> Because it .rained hard,we couldn't keep on cleaning the street..

13. Both students and teachers can borrow books from the library.

=> The library ..lends books to both students and teachers.

14. Nobody plays this piece of music as beautifully as he does.

=> He plays this .piece of music is the most beautifully..

15. Mr. Binh started recycling rubbish two years ago.

=> Mr. Binh has .recycled for 2 years..

16. They haven't cleaned up the street for five months.

=> It's .five months since they last cleaned up the street..

17. We have donated books and clothes for ten years.

=> We began .donating books and clothes ten years ago..

18. Youre the best guitarist in the school.

=> No one .in the school is better at guitar than you..

19. He didn't remember anything about it, and i didn't either.

=> He forgot .everything about it, and i did, too..

20. School uniforms don't have to be worn at all times.

=> Students ..don't have to wear school uniforms at all the times.

21. With luck we will win the cookery competition.

=> If ..she is lucky, she will win the cookery competition.

II. Finish the second sentence in such a way that is similar to the original one: (0.4x 5=2.0)

81. We had to wait two hours for Donald.

-> Donald kept us waiting two hours.

82. "Have you been out at all this evening, Mr. Johnson?" The detective asked.

-> The detective wanted to find out if Mr. Johnson had been out at all that evening.

83. Does he know enough French to work as a translator?

-> Is his knowledge of French good enough for him to work as a translator?

84. A Spanish architect designed our house.

-> Our house was designed by a Spanish architect.

85. This is my first visit to Hue, the ancient capital city in Viet Nam.

-> This is the first time i have visited Hue, the ancient capital city in Vietnam.