Ta có:

\(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}=-\dfrac{1}{z}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)^3=\left(-\dfrac{1}{z}\right)^3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{x^3}+3\dfrac{1}{x^2}\dfrac{1}{y}+3\dfrac{1}{x}\dfrac{1}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^3}=-\dfrac{1}{z^3}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{x^3}+\dfrac{1}{y^3}+\dfrac{1}{z^3}+3\dfrac{1}{x}\dfrac{1}{y}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{x^3}+\dfrac{1}{y^3}+\dfrac{1}{z^3}+3\dfrac{1}{x}\dfrac{1}{y}.\left(-\dfrac{1}{z}\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{x^3}+\dfrac{1}{y^3}+\dfrac{1}{z^3}=\dfrac{3}{xyz}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow xyz\left(\dfrac{1}{x^3}+\dfrac{1}{y^3}+\dfrac{1}{z^3}\right)=\dfrac{3}{xyz}.xyz\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{yz}{x^2}+\dfrac{xz}{y^2}+\dfrac{xy}{z^2}=3\)

Vậy...

Đặt x = 1 -a và x + y = 3 + b, từ giả thiết ta suy ra a, b \(\ge0\).

Ta có: y = 2 + a + b. Từ đó:

\(B=3x^2+y^2+3xy\)

\(B=3\left(1-a\right)^2+\left(2+a+b\right)^2+3\left(1-a\right)\left(2+a+b\right)\)

\(B=a^2+b^2-5a+7b-ab+13\)

\(B=\left(a-\dfrac{b}{2}-\dfrac{5}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}b^2+\dfrac{9}{2}b+\dfrac{27}{4}\ge\dfrac{27}{4}\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{5}{2}\\b=0\end{matrix}\right.\), tức là \(x=\dfrac{-3}{2}\) và \(y=\dfrac{9}{2}\)

Vậy B đạt GTNN bằng \(\dfrac{27}{2}\) khi \(x=-\dfrac{3}{2}\) và \(y=\dfrac{9}{2}\).

123123.123123=123123^2

456456.456456=456456^2

789789.789789=789789^2

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