Cho cân bằng hóa học :

Biết phản ứng thuận là phản ứng thu nhiệt. Tác động nào sau đây vào hệ cân bằng để cân bằng đã cho chuyển dịch theo chiều thuận?

A. Giảm nhiệt độ

B. Tăng áp suất

C. Tăng nồng đột khí CO₂

D. Tăng nhiệt độ

Khi thiếu nguyên tố sắt (Fe) thì biểu hiện của cây lá là:

A. Lá vàng

B. Lá xanh đậm

C. Tăng số lượng lá

D. Tăng kích thước lá

Cho cân bằng hoá học: N₂ (k) + 3H₂ (k) ⇆  2NH₃ (k); phản ứng thuận là phản ứng toả nhiệt. Cân bằng hoá học không bị chuyển dịch khi 

A. thay đổi nhiệt độ

B. thay đổi áp suất của hệ

C. thêm chất xúc tác Fe

D. thay đổi nồng độ N₂

Khi một chùm sáng đơn sắc truyền qua các môi trường, đại lượng không thay đổi là

A. tần số

B. bước sóng

C. tốc độ

D. cường độ

Yếu tố nào sau đây của ánh sáng đơn sắc quyết định màu của nó?

A. Bước sóng trong môi trường

B. Tần số

C. Tốc độ truyền sóng

D. Cường độ của chùm ánh sáng

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions.

You can do any job. The only condition is that you have the right qualifications for it.

A. If you can do any job, you'll have the right qualifications for it.

B. Unless you have the right qualifications for it, you can do any job.

C. You can do any job providing you have the right qualifications for it.

D. Because of having the right qualifications for any job, you can do it.

Để pha loãng H₂SO₄ đặc, trong phòng thí nghiệm, người ta tiến hành theo cách nào trong các cách sau đây?

A. Cho nhanh nước vào axit và khuấy đều

B. Cho từ từ axit vào nước và khuấy đều

C. Cho từ từ nước vào axit và khuấy đều

D. Cho nhanh axit vào nước và khuấy đều

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 28 to 34.

  There are two basic types of glaciers, those that flow outward in all directions with little regard for any underlying terrain and those that are confined by terrain to a particular path.

The first category of glaciers includes those massive blankets that cover whole continents, appropriately called ice sheets. There must be over 50,000 square kilometers of land covered with ice for the glacier to qualify as an ice sheet. When portions of an ice sheet spread out over the ocean, they form ice shelves.

  About 20,000 years ago the Cordilleran Ice Sheet covered nearly all the mountains in southern Alaska, western Canada, and the western United States. It was about 3 kilometers deep at its thickest point in northern Alberta. Now there are only two sheets left on Earth, those covering Greenland and Antarctica.

  Any domelike body of ice that also flows out in all directions but covers less than 50,000 square kilometers is called an ice cap. Although ice caps are rare nowadays, there are a number in northeastern Canada, on Baffin Island, and on the Queen Elizabeth Islands.

  The second category of glaciers includes those of a variety of shapes and sizes generally called mountain or alpine glaciers. Mountain glaciers are typically identified by the landform that controls their flow. One form of mountain glacier that resembles an ice cap in that it flows outward in several directions is called an ice field. The difference between an ice field and an ice cap is subtle. Essentially, the flow of an ice field is somewhat controlled by surrounding terrain and thus does not have the domelike shape of a cap. There are several ice fields in the Wrangell, St. Elias, and Chugach mountains of Alaska and northern British Columbia.

  Less spectacular than large ice fields are the most common types of mountain glaciers : the cirque and valley glaciers. Cirque glaciers are found in depressions in the surface of the land and have a characteristic circular shape. The ice of valley glaciers, bound by terrain, flows down valleys, curves around their comers, and falls over cliffs.

The word “rare” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to _____________

A. small

B. unusual

C. valuable

D. widespread

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 28 to 34.

  There are two basic types of glaciers, those that flow outward in all directions with little regard for any underlying terrain and those that are confined by terrain to a particular path.

The first category of glaciers includes those massive blankets that cover whole continents, appropriately called ice sheets. There must be over 50,000 square kilometers of land covered with ice for the glacier to qualify as an ice sheet. When portions of an ice sheet spread out over the ocean, they form ice shelves.

  About 20,000 years ago the Cordilleran Ice Sheet covered nearly all the mountains in southern Alaska, western Canada, and the western United States. It was about 3 kilometers deep at its thickest point in northern Alberta. Now there are only two sheets left on Earth, those covering Greenland and Antarctica.

  Any domelike body of ice that also flows out in all directions but covers less than 50,000 square kilometers is called an ice cap. Although ice caps are rare nowadays, there are a number in northeastern Canada, on Baffin Island, and on the Queen Elizabeth Islands.

  The second category of glaciers includes those of a variety of shapes and sizes generally called mountain or alpine glaciers. Mountain glaciers are typically identified by the landform that controls their flow. One form of mountain glacier that resembles an ice cap in that it flows outward in several directions is called an ice field. The difference between an ice field and an ice cap is subtle. Essentially, the flow of an ice field is somewhat controlled by surrounding terrain and thus does not have the domelike shape of a cap. There are several ice fields in the Wrangell, St. Elias, and Chugach mountains of Alaska and northern British Columbia.

  Less spectacular than large ice fields are the most common types of mountain glaciers : the cirque and valley glaciers. Cirque glaciers are found in depressions in the surface of the land and have a characteristic circular shape. The ice of valley glaciers, bound by terrain, flows down valleys, curves around their comers, and falls over cliffs.

According to the passage, where was the Cordilleran Ice Sheet thickest?

A. Alaska

B. Greenland

C. Alberta

D. Antarctica

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 35 to 42.

        Industrialization came to the United State after 1790 as North American entrepreneurs increased productivity by reorganizing work and building factories. These innovations in manufacturing boosted output and living standards to an unprecedented extent; the average per capita wealth increased by nearly 1 percent per year - 30 percent over the course of a generation. Goods that had once been luxury items became part of everyday life.

        The impressive gain in output stemmed primarily from the way in which workers made goods, since the 1790’s, North American entrepreneurs - even without technological improvements - had broadened the scope of the outwork system that made manufacturing more efficient by distributing materials to a succession of workers who each performed a single step of the production process. For example, during the 1820’s and 1830’s the shoe industry greatly expanded the scale of the outwork system. Tens of thousands of rural women, paid according to the amount they produced, fabricated the “uppers” of shoes, which were bound to the soles by wage-earning journeymen shoemakers in dozens of Massachusetts towns, whereas previously journeymen would have made the enduring shoe. This system of production made the employer a powerful “shoe boss” and eroded workers’ control over the pace and conditions of labor. However, it also dramatically increased the output of shoes while cutting their price.

                   For tasks that were not suited to the outwork system, entrepreneurs created an even more important new organization, the modem factory, which used power-driven machines and assembly­line techniques to turn out large quantities of well-made goods. As early as 1782 the prolific Delaware inventor Oliver Evans had built a highly automated, laborsaving flour mill driven by water power. His machinery lifted the grain to the top of the milt, cleaned it as it fell into containers known as hoppers, ground the grain into flour, and then conveyed the flour back to the top of the mill to allow it to cool as it descended into barrels. Subsequently, manufacturers made use of new improved stationary steam engines to power their mills. This new technology enabled them to build factories in the nation’s largest cities, taking advantage of urban concentrations of inexpensive labor, good transportation networks, and eager customers.

The passage mentions which of the following as a result of improvements in factory machinery?

A. It become easier for factory’ owners to find workers and customers.

B. Manufacturers had to employ more highly skilled workers.

C. The amount of power required for factories operate was reduced.

D. Factories could operate more than one engine at a time.