\(ĐKXĐ:\) \(x\ne0\)
Đặt \(x+\frac{1}{x}=y\) \(\left(\text{*}\right)\), thì khi đó \(x^2+\frac{1}{x^2}=y^2-2\)
Do đó, \(y^2-2-\frac{9}{2}y+7=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(y^2-\frac{9}{2}y+5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(2y^2-9y+10=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(2y^2-4y-5y+10=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(2y\left(y-2\right)-5\left(y-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left(y-2\right)\left(2y-5\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(^{y-2=0}_{2y-5=0}\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(^{y=2}_{y=\frac{5}{2}}\)
\(\text{*)}\) Với trường hợp \(y=2\) thì khi đó, \(\left(\text{*}\right)\) \(\Rightarrow\) \(x+\frac{1}{x}=2\) \(\left(1\right)\)
Vì \(x\ne0\) nên từ \(\left(1\right)\) suy ra \(x^2+1=2x\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(x^2-2x+1=0\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left(x-1\right)^2=0\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(x-1=0\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(x=1\) ( thỏa mãn điều kiện xác định)
\(\text{*)}\) Với \(y=\frac{5}{2}\) thì \(\left(\text{*}\right)\) \(\Rightarrow\) \(x+\frac{1}{x}=\frac{5}{2}\) \(\left(2\right)\)
Từ \(\left(2\right)\) \(\Rightarrow\) \(2x^2+2=5x\) (do \(x\ne0\) )
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(2x^2-5x+2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(2x^2-4x-x+2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(2x\left(x-2\right)-\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left(x-2\right)\left(2x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(^{x-2=0}_{2x-1=0}\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(^{x=2}_{x=\frac{1}{2}}\) (t/mãn điều kiện xác định)
Vậy, \(S=\left\{1;2;\frac{1}{2}\right\}\)