Read the passage carefully, then choose the correct answers: Richard Ryan is stuck in traffic. There must be an accident somewhere up ahead because he's been sitting in the same spot for the last few minutes. The cars aren't moving at all. It looks like it's going to be another slow commute. Even though he left his house early to beat the traffic, if the cars don't start to move soon, Richard will be late for a very important meeting. Richard is the president of a big company. If he's late, he won't get in trouble, but he hates to be late for anything. Sergey is stuck in the same traffic jam, and he's headed to the same meeting that Richard is going to. He's worried about being late, so he gets out his cell phone and calls one of his co-workers to tell her that traffic is bad. Sergey doesn't know that his boss, Richard, is in the same traffic jam. If he knew that, he wouldn't be so tense. Both Richard and Sergey live in California where traffic congestion and delays are common problems. Richard is thinking about moving his business to a new location that's closer to the downtown business district where most of his employees live. If he did that, Sergey could ride his bike to work and forget about getting stuck in a traffic jam. 1. What is most likely the reason why Richard Ryan is stuck in traffic? A. His car is broken down B. He doesn’t know the traffic rule. C. He got up late. D. There must be an accident up ahead. 2. Which position of Richard Ryan in his company? A. Richard is the president of a company. B. He is a secretary C. He is a sale manager D. Richard is a worker 3. Where does Sergey live? A. He lives in New York City. B. He lives in California. C. He lives in Washington D.C. D. He lives in Boston. 4. Why does Sergey call his co-workers? To ask about the time of the meeting To ask Richard’s phone number C. To tell her how bad traffic is D. To tell her that he will come back home 5. What could Sergey do if Richard moved his business to a new location that's closer to where most of his employees live? He could run to work. He could be late again. C. He could drive his car to work. D. He could forget about getting stuck in a traffic jam.

III. Read the text carefully, then do the tasks.

Large cities often have problems that small towns and rural areas do not have. Two of the biggest problems are heavy traffic and the pollution that cars create. Of course. Traffic problems and pollution are not only found in big cities. However, the higher populations and larger number of cars on the roads in cities can make the problems happen more often and with more noticeable effects.

One of the most common traffic problems the large cities have is congestion. As the population of a city increases, so does the number of cars on the road. Cities cannot always improve the number and size of their roads and highways to keep up with the number of cars. The result is traffic congestion, or traffic jams.

When traffic jams happen, cars that are stuck in the congestion continue to run their engines. This creates pollution and is a big problems. Pollution causes health problems for the people in cities and also hurts the environment.

A. Match the words with their meanings.

1. rural a. being too crowded or too full

2. noticeable b. unable to move

3. congestion c. easy to see or recognize

4. traffic jam d. in the countryside, not in the city

5. stuck e. too many vehicles in one place prevents

B. Choose the correct answers.

1. Where do traffic problems and pollution frequently happen?

a. small towns b. rural areas c. big cities d. remote villages

2. According to the passage, what causes traffic congestion in big cities?

a. A lot of city dwellers b. Too many cars on the roads

c. Careless drivers d. Less traffic signs on the streets

3. The high number of cars is caused by_________

a. urban planning b. traffic congestion

c. environmental pollution d. the population

4. The highway and road network is ________ of meeting the requirement of increasing number of vehicles.

a. full b. aware c. incapable d. uncertain

5. Which of the followings is NOT true?

a. Only big cities have the problem of pollution.

b. Traffic jams cause pollution

c. Pollution is a major problem in big cities.

d. Pollution causes health and environmental problems.

II. Choose the word which best fits each gap.

Staying safe on foot and bike

Look out for yourself and your friends when out (1)________ foot and bike. Choose the (2) ________ routes you can like quieter, slower roads, with pavements if you’re walking or (3) ________ if you’re going by bike.

It’s easy to get distracted by your phone or by friends, but you need to be (4)________ to traffic. Put your phone away and take your earphones (5)________ when crossing the road. Don’t trust that drivers (6)_______ spot you and be able to stop in time – many drivers go too fast and don’t (7) ________ enough attention, (8)________ anything you can do to protect yourself is a good thing.

1. a. on b. in c. by d. with

2. a. safe b. safer c. safest d. safely

3. a. zebra crossings b. cycle paths c. footpaths d. bumpy roads

4. a. risky b. warning c. serious d. alert

5. a. off b. over c. out d. down

6. a. must b. will c. could d. should

7. a. pay b. make c. turn d. take

8. a. but b. so c. though d. because

32. After school, children queue up and wait for the bus __________ on the pavement in front of the school.

A. safe B. bumpy C. safety D. safely

33. Because my school is close to my house, I go to school on __________.

A. foot B. bike C.car D. bus

34. I often go to work late because of __________.

A. berry jam B. traffic jam C. jam pot D. cherry jam

35. My father goes to work by driving a __________.

A. horse B. bicycle C. motorbike D. car

36. How __________ is it from here to the nearest supermarket? – It’s about 500 meters.

A. far B. long C. difficult D. nice

37. My English teacher, Mr. Nam, often drives his car __________ on the way to school.

A. careful B. caring C. carefully D. careless

38. It is about three kilometers from my house __________ the hospital.

A. with B. on C. in D. to

39. We must obey the traffic rules __________ our safety.

A. to B. for C. on D. into

40. __________ my way to school, there is a big supermarket.

A. On B. During C. At D. In

41. You should walk across the street __________ the zebra crossing.

A. on B. at C. in D. from

42. My house is not far from my school, so I usually go __________.

A. on foot B. by foot C. by car D. by boat

43. This morning, I was __________ in a traffic jam and got to school fifteen minutes late.

A. catch B. block C. struck D. stuck

44. Turn on the left turn __________ before you make the turn and slow down.

A. sign B. direction C. signal D. crossing

45. It is __________ to use a hand-held mobile phone while driving or riding.

A. safe B. important C. illegal D. careful

46. __________ does it take you to ride to school? – About 30 minutes.

A. How long B. How far C. How often D. How much

47. A __________ is a part of a road that only bicycles are allowed to use.

A. cycle cross B. cycle lane C. cycle line D. cycle race

48. You __________ cross the street when the light is red.

A. should B. don’t have to C. can D. mustn’t

49. People __________ produce as much rubbish as we do now.

A. use to B. used to C. used to not D. didn’t use to

50. Why didn’t you __________ the bus I told you? – Because I changed my route.

A. catch B. get C. give D. go

21. There used to be fewer people and __________ on the roads.

A. roofs B. helmets C. helicopters D. vehicles

22. Do you know the __________ in the UK is to keep to the left?

A. traffic light B. traffic rule C. traffic jam D. speed limit

23. It is dangerous to ride a motorbike without a __________

A. helmet B. triangle C. tricycle D. circle

24. In Hanoi, during rush hour, some road users ride their motorbikes on the __________

A. driving licence B. lane C. pavement D. seat belt

25. Traffic is terrible during the __________ when everyone is in a hurry to get to work or come back home.

A. traffic light B. road sign C. traffic rule D. rush hour

26. The __________ for motorcycles is 40 km/h in towns and 60 km/h outside urban areas.

A. speed limit B. driving licence C. traffic rule D. traffic light

27. You must __________ the traffic rules in order to avoid accidents.

A. park B. obey C. reverse D. warn

28. It takes us more than three hours to drive across those __________ roads.

A. wide B. safely C. right-handed D. bumpy

29. You need a driving licence to __________

A. drive a car B. ride a bike C. get on the bus D. get off the train

30. The large supermarkets in Vietnam often let you __________ free.

A. park B. obey C. warn D. find

31. Some vehicles beep when they __________ to warn those behind.

A. ride B. reverse C. drive D. sail

32. After school, children queue up and wait for the bus __________ on the pavement in front of the school.

A. safe B. bumpy C. safety D. safely

33. Because my school is close to my house, I go to school on __________.

A. foot B. bike C.car D. bus

34. I often go to work late because of __________.

A. berry jam B. traffic jam C. jam pot D. cherry jam

35. My father goes to work by driving a __________.

A. horse B. bicycle C. motorbike D. car

36. How __________ is it from here to the nearest supermarket? – It’s about 500 meters.

A. far B. long C. difficult D. nice

37. My English teacher, Mr. Nam, often drives his car __________ on the way to school.

A. careful B. caring C. carefully D. careless

38. It is about three kilometers from my house __________ the hospital.

A. with B. on C. in D. to

39. We must obey the traffic rules __________ our safety.

A. to B. for C. on D. into

40. __________ my way to school, there is a big supermarket.

A. On B. During C. At D. In

41. You should walk across the street __________ the zebra crossing.

A. on B. at C. in D. from

42. My house is not far from my school, so I usually go __________.

A. on foot B. by foot C. by car D. by boat

43. This morning, I was __________ in a traffic jam and got to school fifteen minutes late.

A. catch B. block C. struck D. stuck

44. Turn on the left turn __________ before you make the turn and slow down.

A. sign B. direction C. signal D. crossing

45. It is __________ to use a hand-held mobile phone while driving or riding.

A. safe B. important C. illegal D. careful

46. __________ does it take you to ride to school? – About 30 minutes.

A. How long B. How far C. How often D. How much

47. A __________ is a part of a road that only bicycles are allowed to use.

A. cycle cross B. cycle lane C. cycle line D. cycle race

48. You __________ cross the street when the light is red.

A. should B. don’t have to C. can D. mustn’t

49. People __________ produce as much rubbish as we do now.

A. use to B. used to C. used to not D. didn’t use to

50. Why didn’t you __________ the bus I told you? – Because I changed my route.

A. catch B. get C. give D. go