x = 1/8 - y/4 = (1-2y)/8
<=> x = 5*8/(1-2y) ; thấy 1-2y là số lẻ nên UCLN(8,1-2y) = 1
do đó x/8 = 5/(1-2y) (*)
x, y nguyên khi 1-2y phải là ước của 5
* 1-2y = -1 => y = 1 => x = -40
* 1-2y = 1 => y = 0 => x = 40
* 1-2y = -5 => y = 3 => x = -8
* 1-2y = 5 => y = -2 => x = 8
vậy có 4 cặp (x,y) nguyên (-40,1) ; (40, 0) ; (-8, -5) ; (8, 5)
\(\frac{5}{x}+\frac{y}{4}=\frac{1}{8}\)
Ta có:\(\frac{20}{4x}+\frac{xy}{4x}=\frac{1}{8}\)
\(\frac{2xy}{4x}=\frac{1}{8}\)
\(\frac{2x.y}{2x.2}=\frac{1}{8}\)
\(\frac{y}{2}=\frac{1}{8}\)
\(\Rightarrow y.8=2.1\)
\(\Rightarrow y=2:8\)
\(\Rightarrow y=\frac{2}{8}=\frac{1}{4}\)
Thay \(\frac{5}{x}+\frac{y}{4}=\frac{1}{8}\) ta có:
\(\frac{5}{x}+\frac{\frac{1}{4}}{4}=\frac{1}{8}\)
\(\frac{5}{x}+1=\frac{1}{8}\)
\(\frac{5}{x}=\frac{1}{8}-1\)
\(\frac{5}{x}=\frac{7}{8}\)
\(\Rightarrow7.x=5.8\)
\(\Rightarrow7.x=40\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\frac{40}{7}\)
Vậy x=\(\frac{40}{7}\);y=\(\frac{1}{4}\)