a/ \(A=4+2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{20}=2\left(4+2^2+2^3+...+2^{19}\right)\)
\(=2\left(4+2^2+2^3+...+2^{19}+2^{20}\right)-2^{21}\)
\(=2A-2^{21}\Rightarrow A=2A-2^{21}\Rightarrow2A-A=2^{21}\Rightarrow A=2^{21}\)
b/ \(\left(x+1\right)+\left(x+2\right)+...+\left(x+100\right)=5750\)
\(\Rightarrow100.x+\left(1+2+...+100\right)=5750\)
\(\Rightarrow100x=5750-\frac{100.101}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow100x=700\Rightarrow x=7\)