Cho\(\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\)Chứng minh rằng \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{a-c}{c-b}\)
a) Cho \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=0\)
Chứng minh rằng: \(x^2+y^2+z^2=\left(x+y+z\right)^2\)
b) Cho a, b, c khác nhau đôi một. Chứng minh rằng:
\(\frac{1}{\left(a-b\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(b-c\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(c-a\right)^2}=\left(\frac{1}{a-b}+\frac{1}{b-c}+\frac{1}{c-a}\right)^2\)
\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=0\)
\(\frac{yz}{xyz}+\frac{xz}{xyz}+\frac{xy}{xyz}=0\)
\(\frac{yz+xz+xy}{xyz}=0\)
yz + xz + xy = 0
\(\left(x+y+z\right)^2=x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy+2xz+2yz=x^2+y^2+z^2+2\times\left(xy+xz+yz\right)=x^2+y^2+z^2+2\times0=x^2+y^2+z^2\left(\text{đ}pcm\right)\)
a) Từ giả thiết suy ra: xy + yz + zx = 0
Do đó:
\(\left(x+y+z\right)^2=x^2+y^2+z^2+2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)=x^2+y^2+z^2\)
b) Đặt \(\frac{1}{a-b}=x\); \(\frac{1}{b-c}=y\); \(\frac{1}{c-a}=z\)
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=a-b+b-c+c-a=0\)
Theo câu a ta có: \(x^2+y^2+z^2=\left(x+y+z\right)^2\)
Suy ra điều phải chứng minh
a)
\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{xy+yz+xz}{xyz}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow xy+yz+xz=0\)
\(x^2+y^2+z^2=\left(x+y+z\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2=x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy+2yz+2xz\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2=x^2+y^2+z^2+2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\)
Do \(xy+yz+xz=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2=x^2+y^2+z^2\) ( đpcm )
b)
\(\frac{1}{\left(a-b\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(b-c\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(c-a\right)^2}=\left(\frac{1}{a-b}+\frac{1}{b-c}+\frac{1}{c-a}\right)^2\)
\(\frac{1}{\left(a-b\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(b-c\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(c-a\right)^2}=\frac{1}{\left(a-b\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(b-c\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(c-a\right)^2}+\frac{2}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)}+\frac{2}{\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}+\frac{2}{\left(a-b\right)\left(c-a\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)}+\frac{2}{\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}+\frac{2}{\left(a-b\right)\left(c-a\right)}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(\frac{1}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(a-b\right)\left(c-a\right)}\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(a-b\right)\left(c-a\right)}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{\left(c-a\right)^2\left(b-c\right)\left(a-b\right)+\left(a-b\right)^2\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)+\left(b-c\right)^2\left(a-b\right)\left(c-a\right)}{\left(a-b\right)^2\left(b-c\right)^2\left(c-a\right)^2}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{\left(c-a\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-b\right)\left[\left(a-b\right)+\left(b-c\right)+\left(c-a\right)\right]}{\left(a-b\right)^2\left(b-c\right)^2\left(c-a\right)^2}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{\left(c-a\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-b\right)\left[\left(-a+a\right)+\left(-b+b\right)+\left(-c+c\right)\right]}{\left(a-b\right)^2\left(b-c\right)^2\left(c-a\right)^2}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{\left(c-a\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-b\right).0}{\left(a-b\right)^2\left(b-c\right)^2\left(c-a\right)^2}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow0=0\) ( đpcm )
1, cho a,b,c là các số thực dương chứng minh rằng \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{2a+b}{a\left(a+2b\right)}+\frac{2b+c}{b\left(b+2c\right)}+\frac{2c+a}{c\left(a+2c\right)}\)
2,cho x,y,z thỏa mãn x+y+z=5 và xy+yz+xz=8 chứng minh rằng \(1\le x\le\frac{7}{3}\)
3, cho a,b,c>0 chứng minh rằng\(\frac{a^2}{2a^2+\left(b+c-a\right)^2}+\frac{b^2}{2b^2+\left(b+c-a\right)^2}+\frac{c^2}{2c^2+\left(b+a-c\right)^2}\le1\)
4,cho a,b,c là các số thực bất kỳ chứng minh rằng \(\left(a^2+1\right)\left(b^2+1\right)\left(c^2+1\right)\ge\left(ab+bc+ac-1\right)^2\)
5, cho a,b,c > 1 và \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=2\)chứng minh rằng \(\sqrt{a-1}+\sqrt{b-1}+\sqrt{c-1}\le\sqrt{a+b+c}\)
Đặt \(\left(\frac{1}{a},\frac{1}{b},\frac{1}{c}\right)=\left(x,y,z\right)\)
\(x+y+z\ge\frac{x^2+2xy}{2x+y}+\frac{y^2+2yz}{2y+z}+\frac{z^2+2zx}{2z+x}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+y+z\ge\frac{3xy}{2x+y}+\frac{3yz}{2y+z}+\frac{3zx}{2z+x}\)
\(\frac{3xy}{2x+y}\le\frac{3}{9}xy\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)=\frac{1}{3}\left(x+2y\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{3xy}{2x+y}\le\frac{1}{3}\left[\left(x+2y\right)+\left(y+2z\right)+\left(z+2x\right)\right]=x+y+z\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=y=z
Cho a, b, c khác nhau đôi một. Chứng minh rằng: \(\frac{1}{\left(a-b\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(b-c\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(c-a\right)^2}=\left(\frac{1}{a-b}+\frac{1}{b-c}+\frac{1}{c-a}\right)^2\)
đặt x=a-b;y=b-c;z=c-a
ta có x+y+z=0
nên ta có ĐPCM
\(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}=\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2\)
<=> \(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}=\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}+2\left(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{zx}\right)\)
<=> \(2\left(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{zx}\right)=0\)
<=> \(\frac{z}{xyz}+\frac{y}{xyz}+\frac{x}{xyz}=0\)
<=> \(\frac{x+y+z}{xyz}=0\) (luôn đúng )
Cho 3 số thực dương a, b, c.
Chứng minh rằng: \(\frac{b}{a\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{c}{b\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{a}{c\left(c+a\right)}\ge\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
cho a,b,c>0. Chứng minh rằng \(\left(a+\frac{1}{b}-1\right)\left(b+\frac{1}{c}-1\right)+\left(b+\frac{1}{c}-1\right)\left(c+\frac{1}{a}-1\right)+\left(c+\frac{1}{a}-1\right)\left(a+\frac{1}{b}-1\right)>=3\)
Cho a, b, c là các số dương. Chứng minh rằng: \(\frac{b^2}{a\left(a^2+b^2\right)}+\frac{c^2}{b\left(b^2+c^2\right)}+\frac{a^2}{a\left(c^2+a^2\right)}\ge\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
Cho ba số thực dương a, b, c. Chứng minh rằng
\(\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}\right)^2\ge\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxky:
\(\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}\right)(ab+bc+ac)\geq (a+b+c)^2\)
\(\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}\right)\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ac}\right)\geq \left(\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}\right)^2\)
Nhân theo vế 2 BĐT trên:
\(\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}\right)^2(ab+bc+ac).\frac{a+b+c}{abc}\geq [(a+b+c)(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c})]^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}\right)^2(a+b+c)(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c})\geq [(a+b+c)(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c})]^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}\right)^2\geq (a+b+c)(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c})\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c$
Cho a,b,c>0
Chứng minh rằng:\(a\left(\frac{a}{2}+\frac{1}{bc}\right)+b\left(\frac{b}{2}+\frac{1}{ca}\right)+c\left(\frac{c}{2}+\frac{1}{ab}\right)\ge\frac{9}{2}\)
1) Cho a, b, c > 0. Chứng minh: \(\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}\right)^2\ge\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
2) Cho \(a,b,c\in R\).
a) Chứng minh: \(\left(a^2+3\right)\left(b^2+3\right)\left(c^2+3\right)\ge4\left(a+b+c+1\right)^2\)
b) Chứng minh: \(\left(a^2+1\right)\left(b^2+1\right)\left(c^2+1\right)\ge\frac{5}{16}\left(a+b+c+1\right)^2\)
3) Cho \(a,b,c\in R\)Chứng minh: \(\frac{a^3}{b^2}+\frac{b^3}{c^2}+\frac{c^3}{a^2}\ge\frac{a^2}{b}+\frac{b^2}{c}+\frac{c^2}{a}\)
2) Theo nguyên lí Dirichlet, trong ba số \(a^2-1;b^2-1;c^2-1\) có ít nhất hai số nằm cùng phía với 1.
Giả sử đó là a2 - 1 và b2 - 1. Khi đó \(\left(a^2-1\right)\left(b^2-1\right)\ge0\Leftrightarrow a^2b^2-a^2-b^2+1\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2b^2+3a^2+3b^2+9\ge4a^2+4b^2+8\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a^2+3\right)\left(b^2+3\right)\ge4\left(a^2+b^2+2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a^2+3\right)\left(b^2+3\right)\left(c^2+3\right)\ge4\left(a^2+b^2+1+1\right)\left(1+1+c^2+1\right)\) (2)
Mà \(4\left[\left(a^2+b^2+1+1\right)\left(1+1+c^2+1\right)\right]\ge4\left(a+b+c+1\right)^2\) (3)(Áp dụng Bunhicopxki và cái ngoặc vuông)
Từ (2) và (3) ta có đpcm.
Sai thì chịu
Xí quên bài 2 b:v
b) Không mất tính tổng quát, giả sử \(\left(a^2-\frac{1}{4}\right)\left(b^2-\frac{1}{4}\right)\ge0\)
Suy ra \(a^2b^2-\frac{1}{4}a^2-\frac{1}{4}b^2+\frac{1}{16}\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2b^2+a^2+b^2+1\ge\frac{5}{4}a^2+\frac{5}{4}b^2+\frac{15}{16}\)
Hay \(\left(a^2+1\right)\left(b^2+1\right)\ge\frac{5}{4}\left(a^2+b^2+\frac{3}{4}\right)\)
Suy ra \(\left(a^2+1\right)\left(b^2+1\right)\left(c^2+1\right)\ge\frac{5}{4}\left(a^2+b^2+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{2}\right)\left(\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}+c^2+\frac{1}{2}\right)\)
\(\ge\frac{5}{4}\left(\frac{1}{2}a+\frac{1}{2}b+\frac{1}{2}c+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2=\frac{5}{16}\left(a+b+c+1\right)^2\) (Bunhiacopxki) (đpcm)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{2}\)
Cách nữa cho bài 2:
2a) Ta có: \(4\left(a^2+1+2\right)\left(1+1+\frac{\left(b+c\right)^2}{2}\right)\ge4\left(a+b+c+1\right)^2\)
Hay \(4\left(a^2+3\right)\left(2+\frac{\left(b+c\right)^2}{2}\right)\ge4\left(a+b+c+1\right)^2=VP\)
Như vậy ta quy bài toán về chứng minh: \(\left(b^2+3\right)\left(c^2+3\right)\ge4\left(2+\frac{\left(b+c\right)^2}{2}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow b^2c^2+b^2+c^2+1\ge4bc\Leftrightarrow\left(bc-1\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2\ge0\)(đúng)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = c = 1
b) Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxki:\(\left(a^2+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{2}\right)\left(\frac{1}{4}+b^2+c^2+\frac{1}{2}\right)\ge\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b+c+1\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{5}{4}\left(a^2+1\right)\left(b^2+c^2+\frac{3}{4}\right)\ge\frac{5}{16}\left(a+b+c+1\right)^2\)
Từ đó ta có thể quy bài toán về chứng minh: \(\left(b^2+1\right)\left(c^2+1\right)\ge\frac{5}{4}\left(b^2+c^2+\frac{3}{4}\right)\)
...
Bài 3:Sửa đề a, b, c >0
Có: \(\frac{a^3}{b^2}+\frac{a^3}{b^2}+b\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{a^6}{b^3}}=\frac{3a^2}{b}\)
Tương tự: \(\frac{2b^3}{c^2}+c\ge\frac{3b^2}{c};\frac{2c^3}{a^2}+a\ge\frac{3c^2}{a}\)
Cộng theo vế 3 BĐT trên: \(2\left(\frac{a^3}{b^2}+\frac{b^3}{c^2}+\frac{c^3}{a^2}\right)+a+b+c\ge3\left(\frac{a^2}{b}+\frac{b^2}{c}+\frac{c^2}{a}\right)\)
\(=2\left(\frac{a^2}{b}+\frac{b^2}{c}+\frac{c^2}{a}\right)+\left(\frac{a^2}{b}+\frac{b^2}{c}+\frac{c^2}{a}\right)\)
\(\ge2\left(\frac{a^2}{b}+\frac{b^2}{c}+\frac{c^2}{a}\right)+a+b+c\)
Từ đó ta có đpcm.
Cho ba số a; b; c đôi một phân biệt. Chứng Minh Rằng:
\(\frac{b-c}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}+\frac{c-a}{\left(b-c\right)\left(b-a\right)}+\frac{a-b}{\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)}=2\left(\frac{1}{a-b}+\frac{1}{b-c}+\frac{1}{c-a}\right).\)
Ta có:\(\frac{b-c}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}=\frac{\left(a-c\right)-\left(a-b\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}=\frac{a-c}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}-\frac{a-b}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}=\frac{1}{a-b}-\frac{1}{a-c}=\frac{1}{a-b}+\frac{1}{c-a}\left(1\right)\)Chứng minh tương tự,ta có:\(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{c-a}{\left(b-c\right)\left(b-a\right)}=\frac{1}{b-c}+\frac{1}{a-b}\left(2\right)\\\frac{a-b}{\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)}=\frac{1}{c-a}+\frac{1}{b-c}\left(3\right)\end{cases}}\)
Từ (1);(2);(3) suy ra:\(\frac{b-c}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}+\frac{c-a}{\left(b-c\right)\left(b-a\right)}+\frac{a-b}{\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)}\)
\(=\frac{1}{a-b}+\frac{1}{c-a}+\frac{1}{b-c}+\frac{1}{a-b}+\frac{1}{c-a}+\frac{1}{b-c}\)
\(=2\left(\frac{1}{a-b}+\frac{1}{b-c}+\frac{1}{c-a}\right)^{đpcm}\)