\(a,n_{\left(NH_4\right)_3PO_4}=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_N=0,6.3=1,8\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_N=1,8.14=25,2\left(g\right)\\ n_H=4.3.0,6=7,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_H=7,2.1=7,2\left(g\right)\\ n_P=n_{hc}=0,6\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_P=0,6.31=18,6\left(g\right)\\ n_O=4.0,6=2,4\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_O=2,4.16=38,4\left(g\right)\)

\(b,n_S=\dfrac{6,4}{32}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{3}.0,2=\dfrac{1}{15}\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=342.\dfrac{1}{15}=22,8\left(g\right)\\ c,n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{20,52}{342}=0,06\left(mol\right)\\ n_O=4.3.0,06=0,72\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{0,72}{2}=0,36\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{CO_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,36.22,4=8,064\left(l\right)\)

a, \(n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{42,75}{342}=0,125\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_O=12n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=1,5\left(mol\right)\)

b, \(n_{O\left(Al_2O_3\right)}=3n_{Al_2O_3}=2n_{O\left(Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3\right)}=3\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{Al_2O_3}=1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Al_2O_3}=102\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{1,35}{27}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ 2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow2Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}.0,05=0,075\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,05}{2}=0,025\left(mol\right)\\ a,m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=342.0,025=8,55\left(g\right)\\ b,V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,075.22,4=1,68\left(l\right)\\ c,m_{H_2SO_4}=0,075.98=7,35\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{1,35}{27}=0,05mol\)

\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)

0,05      0,075        0,025           0,075

\(m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,025\cdot342=8,55g\)

\(V_{H_2}=0,075\cdot22,4=1,68l\)

\(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,075\cdot98=7,35g\)

n_Al2(SO4)3 = 34,2/342 = 0,1 mol

=> Số phân tử : 0,1.6,022.10^23 = 6,022.10^22 ( phân tử )

Số phân tử bằng nhau khi số mol bằng nhau => n_O2 = 0,1 mol

=> V_O2 = 0,1.22,4= 2,24 (l)

Vậy 2,24 lít khí O₂ sẽ có số phân tử bằng số phân tử trong lượng chất đã cho.

Theo định luật bảo toàn khối lượng

⇒ \(m_{Al}+m_{H_2SO_4}=m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}+m_{H_2}\)

⇒ \(m_{H_2}=0,3\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{0,3}{2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

\(V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=n.22,4=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)

số phân tử khí H₂ trong phản ứng trên

\(=0,15.6.10^{23}=9.10^{22}\)(phân tử)

Theo ĐLBTKL: m_Al + m_H2SO4 = m_Al2(SO4)3 + m_H2

=> m_H2 = 2,7 + 14,7 - 17,1 = 0,3(g)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,3}{2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

\(V_{H_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)

Số phân tử H₂ = 0,15.6.10²³ = 0,9.10²³