Đặt \(x+\dfrac{1}{x}=a;y+\dfrac{1}{y}=b\left(\left|a\right|\ge2;\left|b\right|\ge2\right)\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{1}{x}+y+\dfrac{1}{y}=5\\x^3+y^3+\dfrac{1}{x^3}+\dfrac{1}{y^3}=15m-25\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{1}{x}+y+\dfrac{1}{y}=5\\\left(x^3+\dfrac{1}{x^3}\right)+\left(y^3+\dfrac{1}{y^3}\right)=15m-25\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{1}{x}+y+\dfrac{1}{y}=5\\\left(x+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)^3-3\left(x+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)+\left(y+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)^3-3\left(y+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)=15m-25\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{1}{x}+y+\dfrac{1}{y}=5\\\left(x+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)^3+\left(y+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)^3-3\left(x+\dfrac{1}{x}+y+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)=15m-25\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{1}{x}+y+\dfrac{1}{y}=5\\\left(x+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)^3+\left(y+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)^3=15m-10\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=5\\a^3+b^3=15m-10\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=5\\\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)=15m-10\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=5\\125-15ab=15m-10\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=5\\ab=9-m\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow a,b\) là nghiệm của phương trình \(t^2-5t+9-m=0\left(1\right)\)

a, Nếu \(m=3\), phương trình \(\left(1\right)\) trở thành

\(t^2-5t+6=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=2\\t=3\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=2\\b=3\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=3\\b=2\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)

TH1: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{1}{x}=2\\y+\dfrac{1}{y}=3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-1\right)^2=0\\y^2-3y+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=\dfrac{3\pm\sqrt{5}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

TH2: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{1}{x}=3\\y+\dfrac{1}{y}=2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{3\pm\sqrt{5}}{2}\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy ...

b, \(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow t=\dfrac{5\pm\sqrt{4m-11}}{2}\left(m\ge\dfrac{11}{4}\right)\)

\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{5\pm\sqrt{4m-11}}{2}\\b=\dfrac{5\mp\sqrt{4m-11}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{1}{x}=\dfrac{5\pm\sqrt{4m-11}}{2}\\y+\dfrac{1}{y}=\dfrac{5\mp\sqrt{4m-11}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x^2-\left(5\pm\sqrt{4m-11}\right)+2=0\left(2\right)\\2y^2-\left(5\mp\sqrt{4m-11}\right)+2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

Yêu cầu bài toán thỏa mãn khi phương trình \(\left(2\right)\) có nghiệm dương

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\Delta=\left(5\pm\sqrt{4m-11}\right)^2-16\ge0\\\dfrac{5\pm\sqrt{4m-11}}{2}>0\\1>0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow...\)

1: =>2(x+2)>3x+1

=>2x+4-3x-1>0

=>-x+3>0

=>-x>-3

=>x<3

2: =>12x^2-2x>12x^2+9x-8x-6

=>-2x>-x-6

=>-x>-6

=>x<6

3: =>4(x+1)-12>=3(x-2)

=>4x+4-12>=3x-6

=>4x-8>=3x-6

=>x>=2

4: =>-5x<=15

=>x>=-3

5: =>3(x+2)-5(x-2)<30

=>3x+6-5x+10<30

=>-2x+16<30

=>-2x<14

=>x>-7

6: =>5(x+2)<3(3-2x)

=>5x+10<9-6x

=>11x<-1

=>x<-1/11

\(\dfrac{20x-20}{5}\)-\(\dfrac{2-x}{15}\)<\(\dfrac{30x-9}{15}\)

=20x-20-2+x<30x-9

=21x-22<30x-9

điều này đúng vs mọi x

10) \(\dfrac{8x+12}{28}\)>\(\dfrac{7x-35}{28}\)

    =>8x+12>x-5 (đpcm)

điều này đúng vs mọi x

`đk:x ne 2,y ne 1/2`

ĐẶt `a=1/(x-2),b=1/(2y-1)`

`hpt<=>` $\begin{cases}a+5b=3\\3a-b=1\\\end{cases}$

`<=>` $\begin{cases}3a+15b=9\\3a-b=1\\\end{cases}$

`<=>` $\begin{cases}16b=8\\a=3-5b\\\end{cases}$

`<=>` $\begin{cases}b=\dfrac12\\a=\dfrac12\\\end{cases}$

`<=>` $\begin{cases}x-2=2\\2y-1=2\\\end{cases}$

`<=>` $\begin{cases}x=4\\y=\dfrac32\\\end{cases}$

Đk: \(x\ne2;y\ne\dfrac{1}{2}\)

Đặt \(a=\dfrac{1}{x-2},b=\dfrac{1}{2y-1}\) (a,b khác 0)

Có hệ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+5b=3\\3a-b=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+5b=3\\15a-5b=5\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}16a=8\\3a-b=1\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{1}{2}\\b=3a-1=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)(tm)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x-2}=\dfrac{1}{2}\\\dfrac{1}{2y-1}=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=4\\y=\dfrac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)(tm)

Ta có: \(\dfrac{x-1}{3}-\dfrac{3x+5}{2}\ge1-\dfrac{4x+5}{6}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x-1\right)-3\left(3x+5\right)\ge6-4x-5\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x-2-9x-15-6+4x+5\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-3x\ge18\)

hay \(x\le-6\)

1: Ta có: \(\dfrac{5x^2-12}{x^2-1}+\dfrac{3}{x-1}=\dfrac{5x}{x+1}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{5x^2-12}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}+\dfrac{3x+3}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}=\dfrac{5x^2-5x}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)}\)

Suy ra: \(5x^2+3x-9=5x^2-5x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow8x=9\)

hay \(x=\dfrac{9}{8}\left(tm\right)\)

2: Ta có: \(\dfrac{3}{x-5}-\dfrac{15-3x}{x^2-25}=\dfrac{3}{x+5}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3x+15}{\left(x-5\right)\left(x+5\right)}+\dfrac{3x-15}{\left(x-5\right)\left(x+5\right)}=\dfrac{3x-15}{\left(x+5\right)\left(x-5\right)}\)

Suy ra: \(6x=3x-15\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3x=-15\)

hay \(x=-5\left(loại\right)\)

2. ĐKXĐ: $x\neq \pm 5$
PT \(\Leftrightarrow \frac{3}{x-5}+\frac{3x-15}{x^2-25}=\frac{3}{x+5}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{3}{x-5}+\frac{3(x-5)}{(x-5)(x+5)}=\frac{3}{x+5}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{3}{x-5}+\frac{3}{x+5}=\frac{3}{x+5}\Leftrightarrow \frac{3}{x-5}=0\) (vô lý)

Vậy pt vô nghiệm.

3. ĐKXĐ: $x\neq \pm 4$
PT \(\Leftrightarrow \frac{-3(x+4)}{(x-4)(x+4)}-\frac{3-5x}{(x-4)(x+4)}=\frac{x-4}{(x-4)(x+4)}\)

\(\Rightarrow -3(x+4)-(3-5x)=x-4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow 2x-15=x-4\Leftrightarrow x=11\) (thỏa mãn)

`1+(x-2)/(1-x)+(2x^2-5)/(x^3-1)=4/(x^2+x+1)(x ne 1)`

`<=>(x^3-1)/(x^3-1)-((x-2)(x^2+x+1))/(x^3-1)+(2x^2-5)/(x^3-1)=(4(x-1))/(x^3-1)`

`<=>x^3-1-(x-2)(x^2+x+1)+2x^2-5=4(x-1)`

`<=>x^3-1-(x^3-x^2-x-2)+2x^2-5=4x-4`

`<=>x^3-1-x^3+x^2+x+2+2x^2-5-4x+4=0`

`<=>3x^2-3x+2=0`

`<=>x^2-2/3 x+2/3=0`

`<=>x^2-2.x. 1/3+1/9+5/9=0`

`<=>(x-1/3)^2=-5/9` vô lý

Vậy phương trình vô nghiệm.

ĐKXĐ: \(x\ne1\)

Ta có: \(1+\dfrac{x-2}{1-x}+\dfrac{2x^2-5}{x^3-1}=\dfrac{4}{x^2+x+1}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x^3-1}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}-\dfrac{\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}+\dfrac{2x^2-5}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}=\dfrac{4\left(x-1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)

Suy ra: \(x^3-1-\left(x^3+x^2+x-2x^2-2x-2\right)+2x^2-5=4x-4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-1-x^3+x^2+x+2+2x^2-5-4x+4=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3x^2-3x=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3x\left(x-1\right)=0\)

mà 3>0

nên x(x-1)=0

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\left(nhận\right)\\x=1\left(loại\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy: S={0}

`(3x-1)/(x-1)-(2x+5)/(x+3)+4/(x^2+2x-3)=1(x ne 1,-3)`

`<=>((3x-1)(x+3))/(x^2+2x-3)-((2x+5)(x-1))/(x^2+2x-3)+4/(x^2+2x-3)=(x^2+2x-3)/(x^2+2x-3)`

`<=>(3x-1)(x+3)-(2x+5)(x-1)+4=x^2+2x-3`

`<=>3x^2+8x-3-2x^2-3x+5+4=x^2+2x-3`

`<=>x^2+5x+6=x^2+2x-3`

`<=>3x=-9`

`<=>x=-3(loại)`

Vậy `S={cancel0}`

ĐKXĐ: \(x\notin\left\{1;-3\right\}\)

Ta có: \(\dfrac{3x-1}{x-1}-\dfrac{2x+5}{x+3}+\dfrac{4}{x^2+2x-3}=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(3x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)}-\dfrac{\left(2x+5\right)\left(x-1\right)}{\left(x+3\right)\left(x-1\right)}+\dfrac{4}{\left(x+3\right)\left(x-1\right)}=\dfrac{x^2+2x-3}{\left(x+3\right)\left(x-1\right)}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3x^2+9x-x-3-\left(2x^2-2x+5x-5\right)+4}{\left(x+3\right)\left(x-1\right)}=\dfrac{x^2+2x-3}{\left(x+3\right)\left(x-1\right)}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3x^2+8x-3-\left(2x^2+3x-5\right)+4}{\left(x+3\right)\left(x-1\right)}=\dfrac{x^2+2x-3}{\left(x+3\right)\left(x-1\right)}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3x^2+8x+1-2x^2-3x+5}{\left(x+3\right)\left(x-1\right)}=\dfrac{x^2+2x-3}{\left(x+3\right)\left(x-1\right)}\)

Suy ra: \(x^2+5x+6-x^2-2x+3=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3x+9=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3x=-9\)

hay x=-3(Không nhận)

Vậy: \(S=\varnothing\)

1,\(3x-1=0\Leftrightarrow3x=-1\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{1}{3}\)

2,\(2-x=3x+1\Leftrightarrow2-1=3x+x\rightarrow1=4x\Rightarrow x=-\dfrac{1}{4}\)

3,\(2\left(x-2\right)-1=5x\Leftrightarrow2x-4-1=5x\Leftrightarrow2x-5x=4+1\Rightarrow3x=5\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{5}{3}\)

4,\(\dfrac{x}{3}-\dfrac{x}{5}=4\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{5x}{15}-\dfrac{3x}{15}=\dfrac{60}{15}\Rightarrow5x-3x=60\Rightarrow2x=60\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{60}{2}=30\)

5,\(\dfrac{x-1}{4}+\dfrac{2x+1}{6}=\dfrac{3}{2}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3\left(x-1\right)}{12}+\dfrac{2\left(2x+1\right)}{12}=\dfrac{18}{12}\)

\(3\left(x-1\right)+2\left(2x+1\right)=18\Leftrightarrow3x-3+4x+2=18\Leftrightarrow3x+4x=3-2+18\Rightarrow7x=19\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{19}{2}\)