Tất cả các câu này đều có thể chứng minh bằng phép biến đổi tương đương:

a.

\(\Leftrightarrow a^{10}+b^{10}+a^4b^6+a^6b^4\le2a^{10}+2b^{10}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^{10}-a^6b^4+b^{10}-a^4b^6\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^6\left(a^4-b^4\right)-b^6\left(a^4-b^4\right)\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^6-b^6\right)\left(a^4-b^4\right)\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-b^2\right)\left(a^4+a^2b^2+b^4\right)\left(a^2-b^2\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-b^2\right)^2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(a^4+a^2b^2+b^4\right)\ge0\) (luôn đúng)

Vậy BĐT đã cho đúng

b.

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{a^2}{4}+b^2+c^2-ab+ac-2bc\right)+b^2-2b+1+c^2\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{a}{2}-b+c\right)^2+\left(b-1\right)^2+c^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)

c.

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+4b^2+4c^2-4ab-8bc+4ac\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-2b+2c\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)

d.

\(\Leftrightarrow4a^4-8a^3+4a^2+a^2-2a+1\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2a^2-2a\right)^2+\left(a-1\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)

\(4a^4+5a^2\ge8a^3+2a-1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4a^4+5a^2-8a^3-2a+1\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(4a^4-8a^3+4a^2\right)+\left(a^2-2a+1\right)\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2a^2-2a\right)^2+\left(a-1\right)^2\ge0\)

\("="\Leftrightarrow a=1\)

a; 4a + 3 và 2a + 3 

Gọi ƯCLN(4a + 3; 2a + 3) = d

Theo bài ra ta có:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4a+3⋮d\\2a+3⋮d\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇒ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4a+3⋮d\\4a+6⋮d\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇒ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4a+3⋮d\\4a+3-4a-6⋮d\end{matrix}\right.\) 

⇒ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4a+3⋮d\\\left(4a-4a\right)+\left(2-6\right)⋮d\end{matrix}\right.\)

⇒ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4a+3⋮d\\4⋮d\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇒ d \(\in\) Ư(4) = {1; 2; 4}

Nếu d = 2 ⇒ 4a + 3 ⋮ 2 ⇒ 3 ⋮ 2 (vô lý)

Nếu d = 4 ⇒ 4a + 3 ⋮  4 ⇒ 3 ⋮ 4 (vô lý)

Vậy d =  1 ⇒ (4a + 3; 2a + 3) = 1

Hay 4a + 3 và 2a + 3 là hai số nguyên tố cùng nhau với mọi giá trị của a.

\(E=\dfrac{1}{2a-1}\sqrt{5a^4\left(1-4a+4a^2\right)}\left(a\ne\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{2a-1}\sqrt{5\left(a^2\right)^2\left(1-2a\right)^2}=\dfrac{1}{2a-1}\sqrt{5}.a^2.\left|1-2a\right|\)

Xét \(a>\dfrac{1}{2}\Rightarrow1-2a< 0\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{2a-1}\sqrt{5}.a^2.\left|1-2a\right|\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{2a-1}\sqrt{5}.a^2.\left(2a-1\right)=\sqrt{5}a^2\)

Xét \(a< \dfrac{1}{2}\Rightarrow1-2a>0\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{2a-1}\sqrt{5}.a^2.\left|1-2a\right|\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{2a-1}\sqrt{5}.a^2.\left(1-2a\right)=-\sqrt{5}a^2\)

\(E=\dfrac{1}{2a-1}\sqrt{5a^4\left(2a-1\right)^2}=\dfrac{a^2.\left|2a-1\right|.\sqrt{5}}{2a-1}\)

- Với \(2a-1>0\Rightarrow a>\dfrac{1}{2}\) thì \(E=\dfrac{a^2\left(2a-1\right).\sqrt{5}}{2a-1}=a^2\sqrt{5}\)

- Với \(a< \dfrac{1}{2}\) thì \(E=\dfrac{-a^2.\left(2a-1\right).\sqrt{5}}{2a-1}=-a^2\sqrt{5}\)

Ta có: \(E=\dfrac{1}{2a-1}\cdot\sqrt{5a^4\cdot\left(4a^2-4a+1\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{2a-1}\cdot\dfrac{a^2\cdot\sqrt{5}\cdot\left(2a-1\right)}{1}\)

\(=a^2\sqrt{5}\)