1.When you save energy, you not only save money, you also reduce the demand for ___________ such as coal, oil, and natural gas and that is a great way to play a part in saving the planet. A. carbon footprint B. electricity C. fossil fuels D. biogas 2.In India, the demand for ___________ has always been more than the supply. A. shortage B. sources C. slogan D. electricity 3.___________ energy is produced by collecting sunlight and converting it into electricity. A. Hydro B. Nuclear C. Solar D. Wind 4.There are many available ___________ power sources in Vietnam including sun, wind, water, etc. A. nuclear B. hydro C. renewable D. solar 5.Laos and Cambodia have big plans for building up to 11 ___________ on the lower Mekong. A. dams B. slogans C. energy D. coals 6.___________ can be an excellent source of free, renewable energy for poor farmers. A. Turbine B. Biogas C. Solar panel D. Bulb 7.The government has warned that Britain will face power ___________ in the coming winters. A. coal B. shortages C. slogans D. energy

1. When you save energy, you not only save money, you also reduce the demand for ................. such as coal, oil, and natural gas and that is a great way to play a part in saving the planet.

A. carbon footprint B. electricity

C. fossil fuels D. biogas

2. In India, the demand for ................. has always been more than the supply.

A. shortage B. sources C. slogan D. electricity

3. ................. energy is produced by collecting sunlight and converting it into electricity.

A. Hydro B. Nuclear C. Solar D. Wind

4. There are many available ................. power sources in Vietnam including sun, wind, water, etc.

A. nuclear B. hydro C. renewable D. solar

5. Laos and Cambodia have big plans for building up to 11 .......... on the lower Mekong.

A. dams B. slogans C. energy D. coals

6. ................. can be an excellent source of free, renewable energy for poor farmers.

A. Turbine B. Biogas C. Solar panel D. Bulb

7. The government has warned that Britain will face power ................. in the coming winters.

A. coal B. shortages C. slogans D. energy

8. Wind power is one of the earliest ................. sources of energy used by humankind.

A. alternative B. polluted C. harmful D. exhausted

9. Nobody can predict exactly when supplies of fossil fuels will be ................. However, we all know they quickly reduce in quantity.

A. installed B. polluted C. harmful D. exhausted

10. Biogas can be used to ................. natural gas in cooking, heating, or electrical generation.

A. use up B. replace C. pollute D. install

11. Solar energy can be used for ................. electricity, and for hot water heating.

A. investing B. polluting C. generating D. installing

12. The non-renewable sources of energy that we are using are ................. and are bound to expire one day.

A. limited B. plentiful C. abundant D. alternative

13. Shall I say hello to Sharon? I ................. to her today.

A. write B. be writing C. will be writing

14. Can I help you? I ................. you that blouse.

A. will be showing B. will show C. won’t show

15. Good Lord! The engine has stopped. - No problem. Bill ................. a look at it.

A. is having B. will have C. will be having

16. Why don’t you have dinner with us? I ................. anyway.

A. will be cooking B. am cooking C. cook

17. This time next week we ................. round the Aegean Sea.

A. sail B. will be sailing C. will sail

18. If you take three cassettes, you ................. one cassette free.

A. are going to get B. are getting C. will get

19. I ................. my work before they arrive.

A. will be finishing B. finish C. will finish

20. By the end of this century everyone ................. English.

A. will be speaking B. is going to speak C. speaks

Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.

1. The wind, the sun, and the wave are some types of __________ sources of energy.

A. changeable B. alternative C. cheap D. costly

2. Remember to __________ the lights before going to bed.

A. turn B. turn on C. turn off D. stop

3. People will reduce energy __________ as much as possible.

A. consume B. consumption C. expense D. expenses

4. Nuclear power is expensive and dangerous __________ our environment.

A. for B. to C. in D. with

5. Human is looking for a clean, cheap and __________ sources of energy.

A. effective B. effect C. effectively D. effectiveness

6. Low energy light bulbs should be used to __________ electricity.

A. spend B. buy C. convert D. save

7. We must __________ the amount of water our family used every day.

A. lower B. reduce C. lessen D. narrow

8. At this time next month we __________ to Ha Long Bay for a holiday.

A. will go B. will going C. will be gone D. will be going

9. By the middle of the 21st century, people in developing countries __________ more renewable energy.

A. uses B. will be using C. used D. have

10. Fossil fuels are very common in our society but they __________ the environment.

A. renew B. provide C. waste D. pollute

11. When you save energy, you not only save money, you also reduce the demand for __________ such as coal, oil, and natural gas and that is a great way to play a part in saving the planet.

A. carbon footprint B. electricity

C. fossil fuels D. biogas

12. In India, the demand for __________ has always been more than the supply.

A. shortage B. sources C. slogan D. electricity

13. __________ energy is produced by collecting sunlight and converting it into electricity.

A. Hydro B. Nuclear C. Solar D. Wind

14. There are many available __________ power sources in Vietnam including sun, wind, water, etc.

A. nuclear B. hydro C. renewable D. solar

15. Laos and Cambodia have big plans for building up to 11__________ on the lower Mekong.

A. dams B. slogans C. energy D. coals

Read the following passage and write the letter A, B, C or D on the top of the first page to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

In the course of its history, human inventions have dramatically increased the average amount of energy available for use per person. Primitive peoples in cold regions burned wood and animal dung to heat their caves, cook food, and drive off animals by fire. The first step toward the developing of more efficient fuels was taken when people discovered that they could use vegetable oils and animal fats in lieu of gathered or cut wood. Charcoal gave off more intensive heat than wood and was more easily obtainable than organic fats. The Greeks first began to use coal for metal smelting in the 4th century, but it did not come into extensive use until the Industrial Revolution.

In the 1700s, at the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, most energy used in the United States and other nations undergoing industrialization was obtained from perpetual and renewable sources, such as wood, water streams, domesticated animal labor, and wind. These were predominantly locally available supplies. By mid-1800s, 91 percent of all commercial energy consumed in the United States and European countries was obtained from wood. However, at he beginning of the 20th century, coal became a major energy source and replaced wood in industrializing countries. Although in most regions and climate zones wood was more readily accessible than coal, the latter represents a more concentrated source of energy. In 1910, natural gas and oil firmly replaced coal as the main source of fuel because they are lighter and, therefore, cheaper to transport. They burned more cleanly than coal and polluted less. Unlike coal, oil could be refined to manufacture liquid fuels for vehicles, a very important consideration in the early 1900s, when the automobile arrived on the scene.

By 1984, non-renewable fossil fuels, such as oil, coal, and natural gas, provided over 82 percent of the commercial and industrial energy used in the world. Small amounts of energy were derived from nuclear fission, and the remaining 16 percent came from burning direct perpetual and renewable fuels, such as biomass. Between 1700 and 1986, a large number of countries shifted from the use of energy from local sources to a centralized generation of hydropower and solar energy converted to electricity. The energy derived from non-renewable fossil fuels has been increasingly produced in one location and transported to another, as is the case with most automobile fuels. In countries with private, rather than public transportation, the age of non-renewable fuels has created a dependency on a finite resource that will have to be replaced.

Alternative fuel sources are numerous, and shale oil and hydrocarbons are just two examples. The extraction of shale oil from large deposits in Asian and European regions has proven to be labor consuming and costly. The resulting product is sulfur-and nitrogen-rich, and large scale extractions are presently prohibitive. Similarly, the extraction of hydrocarbons from tar sands in Alberta and Utah is complex. Semi-solid hydrocarbons cannot be easily separated from the sandstone and limestone that carry them, and modern technology is not sufficiently versatile for a large-scale removal of the material. However, both sources of fuel may eventually be needed as petroleum prices continue to rise and limitations in fossil fuel availability make alternative deposits more attractive.
Question:The author of the passage implies that in the 1700s, sources of energy were

A. used for commercial purposes

B. used in various combination

C. not derived from mineral deposits

D. it could be converted to automobile fuel

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 30 to 37.

  In the course of its history, human inventions have dramatically increased the average amount of energy available for use per person. Primitive peoples in cold regions burned wood and animal dung to heat their caves, cook food, and drive off animals by fire. The first step toward the developing of more efficient fuels was taken when people discovered that they could use vegetable oils and animal fats in lieu of gathered or cut wood. Charcoal gave off more intensive heat than wood and was more easily obtainable than organic fats. The Greeks first began to use coal for metal smelting in the 4th century, but it did not come into extensive use until the Industrial Revolution.

  In the 1700s, at the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, most energy used in the United States and other nations undergoing industrialization was obtained from perpetual and renewable sources, such as wood, water streams, domesticated animal labor, and wind. These were predominantly locally available supplies. By mid-1800s, 91 percent of all commercial energy consumed in the United States and European countries was obtained from wood. However, at he beginning of the 20th century, coal became a major energy source and replaced wood in industrializing countries. Although in most regions and climate zones wood was more readily accessible than coal, the latter represents a more concentrated source of energy. In 1910, natural gas and oil firmly replaced coal as the main source of fuel because they are lighter and, therefore, cheaper to transport. They burned more cleanly than coal and polluted less. Unlike coal, oil could be refined to manufacture liquid fuels for vehicles, a very important consideration in the early 1900s, when the automobile arrived on the scene.

  By 1984, non-renewable fossil fuels, such as oil, coal, and natural gas, provided over 82 percent of the commercial and industrial energy used in the world. Small amounts of energy were derived from nuclear fission, and the remaining 16 percent came from burning direct perpetual and renewable fuels, such as biomass. Between 1700 and 1986, a large number of countries shifted from the use of energy from local sources to a centralized generation of hydropower and solar energy converted to electricity. The energy derived from non-renewable fossil fuels has been increasingly produced in one location and transported to another, as is the case with most automobile fuels. In countries with private, rather than public transportation, the age of non-renewable fuels has created a dependency on a finite resource that will have to be replaced.

  Alternative fuel sources are numerous, and shale oil and hydrocarbons are just two examples. The extraction of shale oil from large deposits in Asian and European regions has proven to be labor consuming and costly. The resulting product is sulfur-and nitrogen-rich, and large scale extractions are presently prohibitive. Similarly, the extraction of hydrocarbons from tar sands in Alberta and Utah is complex. Semi-solid hydrocarbons cannot be easily separated from the sandstone and limestone that carry them, and modern technology is not sufficiently versatile for a large-scale removal of the material. However, both sources of fuel may eventually be needed as petroleum prices continue to rise and limitations in fossil fuel availability make alternative deposits more attractive.

The author of the passage implies that in the 1700s, sources of energy were

A. used for commercial purposes

B. used in various combination 

C. not derived from mineral deposits

D. it could be converted to automobile fuel.

Read the following passage and write the letter A, B, C or D on the top of the first page to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

In the course of its history, human inventions have dramatically increased the average amount of energy available for use per person. Primitive peoples in cold regions burned wood and animal dung to heat their caves, cook food, and drive off animals by fire. The first step toward the developing of more efficient fuels was taken when people discovered that they could use vegetable oils and animal fats in lieu of gathered or cut wood. Charcoal gave off more intensive heat than wood and was more easily obtainable than organic fats. The Greeks first began to use coal for metal smelting in the 4th century, but it did not come into extensive use until the Industrial Revolution.

In the 1700s, at the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, most energy used in the United States and other nations undergoing industrialization was obtained from perpetual and renewable sources, such as wood, water streams, domesticated animal labor, and wind. These were predominantly locally available supplies. By mid-1800s, 91 percent of all commercial energy consumed in the United States and European countries was obtained from wood. However, at he beginning of the 20th century, coal became a major energy source and replaced wood in industrializing countries. Although in most regions and climate zones wood was more readily accessible than coal, the latter represents a more concentrated source of energy. In 1910, natural gas and oil firmly replaced coal as the main source of fuel because they are lighter and, therefore, cheaper to transport. They burned more cleanly than coal and polluted less. Unlike coal, oil could be refined to manufacture liquid fuels for vehicles, a very important consideration in the early 1900s, when the automobile arrived on the scene.

By 1984, non-renewable fossil fuels, such as oil, coal, and natural gas, provided over 82 percent of the commercial and industrial energy used in the world. Small amounts of energy were derived from nuclear fission, and the remaining 16 percent came from burning direct perpetual and renewable fuels, such as biomass. Between 1700 and 1986, a large number of countries shifted from the use of energy from local sources to a centralized generation of hydropower and solar energy converted to electricity. The energy derived from non-renewable fossil fuels has been increasingly produced in one location and transported to another, as is the case with most automobile fuels. In countries with private, rather than public transportation, the age of non-renewable fuels has created a dependency on a finite resource that will have to be replaced.

Alternative fuel sources are numerous, and shale oil and hydrocarbons are just two examples. The extraction of shale oil from large deposits in Asian and European regions has proven to be labor consuming and costly. The resulting product is sulfur-and nitrogen-rich, and large scale extractions are presently prohibitive. Similarly, the extraction of hydrocarbons from tar sands in Alberta and Utah is complex. Semi-solid hydrocarbons cannot be easily separated from the sandstone and limestone that carry them, and modern technology is not sufficiently versatile for a large-scale removal of the material. However, both sources of fuel may eventually be needed as petroleum prices continue to rise and limitations in fossil fuel availability make alternative deposits more attractive.
Question:The author of the passage implies that alternative sources of fuel are curently

A. being used for consumption

B. available in few locations

C. being explored

D. examined on a large scale

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 30 to 37.

  In the course of its history, human inventions have dramatically increased the average amount of energy available for use per person. Primitive peoples in cold regions burned wood and animal dung to heat their caves, cook food, and drive off animals by fire. The first step toward the developing of more efficient fuels was taken when people discovered that they could use vegetable oils and animal fats in lieu of gathered or cut wood. Charcoal gave off more intensive heat than wood and was more easily obtainable than organic fats. The Greeks first began to use coal for metal smelting in the 4th century, but it did not come into extensive use until the Industrial Revolution.

  In the 1700s, at the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, most energy used in the United States and other nations undergoing industrialization was obtained from perpetual and renewable sources, such as wood, water streams, domesticated animal labor, and wind. These were predominantly locally available supplies. By mid-1800s, 91 percent of all commercial energy consumed in the United States and European countries was obtained from wood. However, at he beginning of the 20th century, coal became a major energy source and replaced wood in industrializing countries. Although in most regions and climate zones wood was more readily accessible than coal, the latter represents a more concentrated source of energy. In 1910, natural gas and oil firmly replaced coal as the main source of fuel because they are lighter and, therefore, cheaper to transport. They burned more cleanly than coal and polluted less. Unlike coal, oil could be refined to manufacture liquid fuels for vehicles, a very important consideration in the early 1900s, when the automobile arrived on the scene.

  By 1984, non-renewable fossil fuels, such as oil, coal, and natural gas, provided over 82 percent of the commercial and industrial energy used in the world. Small amounts of energy were derived from nuclear fission, and the remaining 16 percent came from burning direct perpetual and renewable fuels, such as biomass. Between 1700 and 1986, a large number of countries shifted from the use of energy from local sources to a centralized generation of hydropower and solar energy converted to electricity. The energy derived from non-renewable fossil fuels has been increasingly produced in one location and transported to another, as is the case with most automobile fuels. In countries with private, rather than public transportation, the age of non-renewable fuels has created a dependency on a finite resource that will have to be replaced.

  Alternative fuel sources are numerous, and shale oil and hydrocarbons are just two examples. The extraction of shale oil from large deposits in Asian and European regions has proven to be labor consuming and costly. The resulting product is sulfur-and nitrogen-rich, and large scale extractions are presently prohibitive. Similarly, the extraction of hydrocarbons from tar sands in Alberta and Utah is complex. Semi-solid hydrocarbons cannot be easily separated from the sandstone and limestone that carry them, and modern technology is not sufficiently versatile for a large-scale removal of the material. However, both sources of fuel may eventually be needed as petroleum prices continue to rise and limitations in fossil fuel availability make alternative deposits more attractive.

The author of the passage implies that alternative sources of fuel are curently

A. being used for consumption

B. available in few locations 

C. being explored

D. examined on a large scale