Phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử:
a) x^2y + 2xy^2 + xy
b) x^3 + x^2 – 4x – 4
c) x^2 – 2x – 15
d) x^2 – 4 + (x – 2)^2
e) x^2 – y^2 + 2x + 1
g) (x + 9)^2 – 36x^2
h) x^2 – 2xy + y^2 – z^2 + 2zt – t^2
i) x^3 – 3x^2 + 3x – 1 – y^3
bài 1: phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử
a)x^2-y^2+2x+1
b)(x+9)^2-36x^2
c)x^2-2xy+y^2-z^2+2zt-t^2
d)x^3-3x^2+3x+1-y^3
a)\(=\left(x^2+2x+1\right)-y^2=\left(x+1\right)^2-y^2=\left(x+1+y\right)\left(x+1-y\right)\)
b)\(=\left(x+9\right)^2-\left(6x\right)^2=\left(x+9-6x\right)\left(x+9+6x\right)=\left(-5x+9\right)\left(7x+9\right)\)
c)\(=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)-\left(z^2-2zt+t^2\right)=\left(x-y\right)^2-\left(z-t\right)^2\\ =\left(x-y+z-t\right)\left(x-y-z+t\right)\)
Phân tích các đa thức sau thành nhân tử:
a) x^3-4x^2+4x
b) x^2-2xy+y^2-9
c)2x^3-x^2-8x+4
d) x^2-y^2-5x+5y
e) 3x^2-6xy+3y^2-12z^2
f) x^3-4x^2+4x-xy^2
g) x^3-2x^2y+xy^2-25x
h) x^3-3x+2
i) 3x^2-7x-10
\(a,=x\left(x-2\right)^2\\ b,=\left(x-y\right)^2-9=\left(x-y-3\right)\left(x-y+3\right)\\ c,=x^2\left(2x-1\right)-4\left(2x-1\right)=\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(2x-1\right)\\ d,=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-5\left(x-y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y-5\right)\\ e,=3\left[\left(x-y\right)^2-4z^2\right]=3\left(x-y-2z\right)\left(x-y+2z\right)\\ f,=x\left[\left(x-2\right)^2-y^2\right]=x\left(x-y-2\right)\left(x+y-2\right)\\ g,=x\left[\left(x-y\right)^2-25\right]=x\left(x-y-5\right)\left(x-y+5\right)\\ h,=x^3-x-2x+2=x\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)-2\left(x-1\right)\\ =\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x-2\right)=\left(x-1\right)^2\left(x+2\right)\\ i,=3x^2+3x-10x-10=\left(x+1\right)\left(3x-10\right)\)
bài 1 phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử
a)3x(x-7)+2xy-14y
b)9(2x-5)^2+15x-6x^2
c)6x^2 -12x+6
d)-20x^2+60xy-45y^2
e)2xy^3-16x^4
f)3x^4-48
g)x^2-z^2+4xy+4y^2
h)x^2-z^2+2xy-6zt+y^2-9t^2
baif2 pt đa thức thanhhf nhân tử
a)x^2-12x+20
b)2x^2-x-15
c)x^3-x^2+x-1
d)2x^3-5x-6
e)4y^4+1
f)x^7+x^5+x^3
g)(x^2+x)^2-5(x^2+x)+6
h)(x^2+2x)^2-2(x+1)^2-1
i)x^2+4xy+4y^2-4(x+2y)+3
j)x(x+1)(x+2)(x+3)-3
2:
a: \(x^2-12x+20\)
\(=x^2-2x-10x+20\)
=x(x-2)-10(x-2)
=(x-2)(x-10)
b: \(2x^2-x-15\)
=2x^2-6x+5x-15
=2x(x-3)+5(x-3)
=(x-3)(2x+5)
c: \(x^3-x^2+x-1\)
=x^2(x-1)+(x-1)
=(x-1)(x^2+1)
d: \(2x^3-5x-6\)
\(=2x^3-4x^2+4x^2-8x+3x-6\)
\(=2x^2\left(x-2\right)+4x\left(x-2\right)+3\left(x-2\right)\)
\(=\left(x-2\right)\left(2x^2+4x+3\right)\)
e: \(4y^4+1\)
\(=4y^4+4y^2+1-4y^2\)
\(=\left(2y^2+1\right)^2-\left(2y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(2y^2+1-2y\right)\left(2y^2+1+2y\right)\)
f; \(x^7+x^5+x^3\)
\(=x^3\left(x^4+x^2+1\right)\)
\(=x^3\left(x^4+2x^2+1-x^2\right)\)
\(=x^3\left[\left(x^2+1\right)^2-x^2\right]\)
\(=x^3\left(x^2-x+1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)
g: \(\left(x^2+x\right)^2-5\left(x^2+x\right)+6\)
\(=\left(x^2+x\right)^2-2\left(x^2+x\right)-3\left(x^2+x\right)+6\)
\(=\left(x^2+x\right)\left(x^2+x-2\right)-3\left(x^2+x-2\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+x-2\right)\left(x^2+x-3\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+x-3\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x-1\right)\)
h: \(\left(x^2+2x\right)^2-2\left(x+1\right)^2-1\)
\(=\left(x^2+2x+1-1\right)^2-2\left(x+1\right)^2-1\)
\(=\left[\left(x+1\right)^2-1\right]^2-2\left(x+1\right)^2-1\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)^4-2\left(x+1\right)^2+1-2\left(x+1\right)^2-1\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)^4-4\left(x+1\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)^2\left[\left(x+1\right)^2-4\right]\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)^2\left(x+1+2\right)\left(x+1-2\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)^2\cdot\left(x+3\right)\left(x-1\right)\)
i: \(x^2+4xy+4y^2-4\left(x+2y\right)+3\)
\(=\left(x+2y\right)^2-4\left(x+2y\right)+3\)
\(=\left(x+2y\right)^2-\left(x+2y\right)-3\left(x+2y\right)+3\)
\(=\left(x+2y\right)\left(x+2y-1\right)-3\left(x+2y-1\right)\)
\(=\left(x+2y-1\right)\left(x+2y-3\right)\)
j: \(x\cdot\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)-3\)
\(=\left(x^2-3x\right)\left(x^2-3x+2\right)-3\)
\(=\left(x^2-3x\right)^2+2\left(x^2-3x\right)-3\)
\(=\left(x^2-3x+3\right)\left(x^2-3x-1\right)\)
Phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử:
a) x^3 - x^2 + 8x - 8
b) 8x^3 - 8x^2y + 2xy^2
c) (x^2 + y^2 - z^2)^2 - 4x^2y^2
d) (x^2 - y^2 - 5)^2 - 4(x^2y^2 + 4xy + 4)
e) x^3 - y^3 - 3x^2 + 3x - 1
a) (x3-x2)+(8x-8)=x(x-1)+8(x-1)=(x2+8)(x-1)
b) 8x3-8x2y+2xy2=2x(4x2-4xy+y2)
c) (x2+y2-z2)2 - 4x2y2=(x2+y2-z2)2 - (2xy)2=(x2+y2-z2-2xy)(x2+y2-z2+2xy)
phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử
a) x^2 -y^2+2x+1
b) (x^2+9)^2-36x^2
c)x^2- 2xy+ y^2- z^2+ 2zt- t^2
d) x^3- 3x^2+ 3x-1- y^3
e) x^2+ 7x +12
g) 3x^2 - 8x+ 5
h) x^4 +5x^2- 6
Phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử:
a) x - 2y + x^2- 4y^2
b) x^2 - 4x^2y^2 + y^2 + 2xy
c) x^6 - x^4 +2x^3 + 2x^2
d) x^3 + 3x^2 + 3x +1 - 8y^3
a) Ta có: \(x-2y+x^2-4y^2\)
\(=\left(x-2y\right)+\left(x-2y\right)\left(x+2y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-2y\right)\left(x+2y+1\right)\)
b) Ta có: \(x^2+2xy+y^2-4x^2y^2\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(2xy\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x+y+2xy\right)\left(x+y-2xy\right)\)
c) Ta có: \(x^6-x^4+2x^3+2x^2\)
\(=x^4\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)+2x^2\left(x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left[x^4\left(x-1\right)+2x^2\right]\)
\(=x^2\left(x+1\right)\left[x^2\left(x-1\right)+2\right]\)
\(=x^2\left(x+1\right)\cdot\left(x^3-x^2+2\right)\)
d) Ta có: \(x^3+3x^2+3x+1-8y^3\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)^3-\left(2y\right)^3\)
\(=\left(x+1-2y\right)\left[\left(x+1\right)^2+2y\left(x+1\right)+4y^2\right]\)
\(=\left(x-2y+1\right)\left(x^2+2x+1+2xy+2y+4y^2\right)\)
Phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử:
a) x - 2y + x^2 - 4y^2
b) x^2 - 4x^2y^2 + y^2 + 2xy
c) x^6 - x^4 + 2x^3 + 2x^2
d) x^3 + 3x^2 + 3x + 1 - 8y^3
a, \(x-2y+x^2-4y^2=\left(x-2y\right)+\left(x-2y\right)\left(x+2y\right)=\left(x-2y\right)\left(1+x+2y\right)\)
b, \(x^2-4x^2y^2+y^2+2xy=\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(2xy\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x+y-2xy\right)\left(x+y+2xy\right)\)
c, \(x^6-x^4+2x^3+2x^2=x^6+2x^3+1-x^4+2x^2-1\)
\(=\left(x^3+1\right)^2-\left(x^2-1\right)^2=\left(x^3-x^2+2\right)\left(x^3+x^2\right)\)
\(=x^2\left(x+1\right)\left(x^3-x^2+2\right)\)
d, \(x^3+3x^2+3x+1-8y^3=\left(x+1\right)^3-\left(2y\right)^3=\left(x+1-2y\right)\left(x+1+2y\right)\)
a) Ta có: \(x-2y+x^2-4y^2\)
\(=\left(x-2y\right)+\left(x-2y\right)\left(x+2y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-2y\right)\left(1+x+2y\right)\)
b: Ta có: \(x^2-4x^2y^2+y^2+2xy\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(2xy\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x+y-2xy\right)\left(x+y+2xy\right)\)
Bài 2: Phân tích đa thức sau thành nhân tử:
a) x4 - y4
b) x2 - 3y2
c) (3x - 2y)2 - (2x - 3y)2
d) 9(x - y)2 - 4(x + y)2
e) (4x2 - 4x + 1) - (x + 1)2
f) x3 + 27
g) 27x3 - 0,001
h) 125x3 - 1
a) \(x^4-y^4\)
\(=\left(x^2\right)^2-\left(y^2\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x^2-y^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)\)
b) \(x^2-3y^2\)
\(=x^2-\left(y\sqrt{3}\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x-y\sqrt{3}\right)\left(x+y\sqrt{3}\right)\)
c) \(\left(3x-2y\right)^2-\left(2x-3y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(3x-2y+2x-3y\right)\left(3x-2y-3x+2y\right)\)
\(=0\cdot0\)
\(=0\)
d) \(9\left(x-y\right)^2-4\left(x+y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(3x-3y\right)^2-\left(2x+2y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(3x-3y-2x-2y\right)\left(3x-3y+2x+2y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-5y\right)\left(5x-y\right)\)
e) \(\left(4x^2-4x+1\right)-\left(x+1\right)^2\)
\(=\left(2x-1\right)^2-\left(x+1\right)^2\)
\(=\left(2x-1+x+1\right)\left(2x-1-x-1\right)\)
\(=3x\left(x-2\right)\)
f) \(x^3+27\)
\(=x^3+3^3\)
\(=\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2-3x+9\right)\)
g) \(27x^3-0,001\)
\(=\left(3x\right)^3-\left(0,1\right)^3\)
\(=\left(3x-0,1\right)\left(9x^2+0,3x+0,01\right)\)
h) \(125x^3-1\)
\(=\left(5x\right)^3-1^3\)
\(=\left(5x-1\right)\left(25x^2+5x+1\right)\)
Phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử( bằng mọi phương pháp đã học)a, x^2 - 2x - 4y^2 - 4y b, x^2-4x^2y^2+y^2+2xy c, x^6-x^4+2x^3+2x^2 d, x^3+3x^2+3x+1-8y^3
a) \(x^2-2x-4y^2-4y=\left(x^2-2x+1\right)-\left(4y^2+4y+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2-\left(2y+1\right)^2=\left(x-1-2y-1\right)\left(x-1+2y+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x-2y-3\right)\left(x+2y\right)\)
b) \(x^2-4x^2y^2+y^2+2xy=\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)-4x^2y^2\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)^2-4x^2y^2=\left(x+y-2xy\right)\left(x+y+2xy\right)\)
c) \(x^6-x^4+2x^3+2x^2=\left(x^6+2x^3+1\right)-\left(x^4-2x^2+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x^3+1\right)^2-\left(x^2-1\right)^2=\left(x^3+1-x^2+1\right)\left(x^3+1+x^2-1\right)=x^2\left(x^3-x^2+2\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
d) \(x^3+3x^2+3x+1-8y^3=\left(x+1\right)^3-8y^3=\left(x+1-2y\right)\left(x^2+2x+1+2xy+2y+4y^2\right)\)