bài 1 : a,ta có 3/x-1 =4/y-2=5/z-3 =>  x-1/3=y-2/4=z-3/5 

áp dụng .... => x-1+y-2+z-3 / 3+4+5 = x+y+z-1-2-3/3+4+5 = 12/12=1

do x-1/3 = 1 => x-1 = 3 => x= 4 ( tìm y,z tương tự

Bài 1: 

a) Ta có: 3/x - 1 = 4/y - 2 = 5/z - 3 => x - 1/3 = y - 2/4 = z - 3/5 áp dụng ... =>x - 1 + y - 2 + z - 3/3 + 4 + 5 = x + y + z - 1 - 2 - 3/3 + 4 + 5 = 12/12 = 1 do x - 1/3 = 1 => x - 1 = 3 => x = 4 ( tìm y, z tương tự )

cũng dễ thôi

a) y = 5/14 : 6/7

y = 5/12 

vậy y = 5/12

b) y = 4/9 x 2/3 

y = 8/27 

vậy t = 8/27

c) y = 1/2 - 3/10 

y = 1/5

vậy y = 1/5

d) y = 5/6 - 1/3

y = 1/2

vậy y = 1/2

\(a,y+\dfrac{2}{3}=\dfrac{5}{2}\)

\(y=\dfrac{5}{2}-\dfrac{2}{3}\)

\(y=\dfrac{15}{6}-\dfrac{4}{6}\)

\(y=\dfrac{11}{6}\)

\(b,3\dfrac{4}{5}-y=\dfrac{18}{5}\)

\(y=3\dfrac{4}{5}-\dfrac{18}{5}\)

\(y=\dfrac{19}{5}-\dfrac{18}{5}\)

\(y=\dfrac{1}{5}\)

\(c,y-4\dfrac{5}{6}=2\dfrac{1}{6}+\dfrac{5}{6}\)

\(y-\dfrac{29}{6}=\dfrac{13}{6}+\dfrac{5}{6}\)

\(y-\dfrac{29}{6}=\dfrac{18}{6}\)

\(y=\dfrac{18}{6}+\dfrac{29}{6}\)

\(y=\dfrac{47}{6}\)

2:

a: 5/x-y/3=1/6

=>\(\dfrac{15-xy}{3x}=\dfrac{1}{6}\)

=>\(\dfrac{30-2xy}{6x}=\dfrac{x}{6x}\)

=>30-2xy=x

=>x(2y+1)=30

=>(x;2y+1) thuộc {(30;1); (-30;-1); (10;3); (-10;-3); (6;5); (-6;-5)}

=>(x,y) thuộc {(30;0); (-30;-1); (10;1); (-10;-2); (6;2); (-6;-3)}

b: x/6-2/y=1/30

=>\(\dfrac{xy-12}{6y}=\dfrac{1}{30}\)

=>\(\dfrac{5xy-60}{30y}=\dfrac{y}{30y}\)

=>5xy-60=y

=>y(5x-1)=60

=>(5x-1;y) thuộc {(-1;-60); (4;15); (-6;-10)}(Vì x,y là số nguyên)

=>(x,y) thuộc {(0;-60); (1;15); (-1;-10)}

1/ (x+1)(y+2) =5

Do x;y thuộc N nên x+1 ; y+2 cũng thuộc N

\(TH1:\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+1=1\\y+2=5\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=1-1\\y=5-2\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}x=0\\y=3\end{cases}}}\\\)

\(TH2:\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+1=5\\y+2=1\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=5-1\\y=1-2\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}x=4\\y=-1\end{cases}}}\)

mà x;y\(\in\)N nên x;y=0;3

Các bài khác bạn làm tương tự nha! (vì mk viết rất chậm )

\(\left(x+1\right)\left(y+3\right)=6\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x+1;y+3\inƯ\left(6\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm2;\pm3;\pm6\right\}\)

Theo đề ra, ta có: \(\frac{x-1}{y+2}=\frac{3}{5}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{x-1}{3}=\frac{y+2}{5}=\frac{x-1+y+2}{8}=\frac{23-1+2}{8}=\frac{24}{8}=3\)

\(\frac{x-1}{3}=3\Rightarrow x=3.3+1=10\)

\(\frac{y+2}{5}=3\Rightarrow y=5.3-2=13\)