PTHH: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\uparrow\)

Làm gộp các phần còn lại

Ta có: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,1mol\\n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=0,3mol\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{H_2}=0,3\cdot22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\\m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,1\cdot342=34,2\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2SO_4}=0,3\cdot98=29,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) 

\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2,5}{27}=\dfrac{25}{270}=\dfrac{5}{54}\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ a,2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\\ b,Vì:\dfrac{\dfrac{5}{54}}{2}< \dfrac{0,5}{4}\Rightarrow H_2SO_4dư\\ b,n_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,5-\dfrac{3}{2}.\dfrac{5}{54}=\dfrac{13}{36}\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{13}{36}.98=\dfrac{637}{18}\left(g\right)\\ c,n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}.n_{Al}=\dfrac{3}{2}.\dfrac{5}{54}=\dfrac{5}{36}\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=\dfrac{5}{36}.22,4=\dfrac{28}{9}\left(l\right)\)

Tóm tắt:

m_Al= 2,5(g)

\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

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a) PTHH?

b) Chất dư? m?

c) Thể tích khí sau phản ứng?

Anh ít tóm tắt lắm nên không biết tóm tắt như ri ổn không, vì em cần nên anh tóm tắt ra thử

a: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)

b: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2.5}{27}< \dfrac{1}{4}\)

=>H₂SO₄ dư, Al đủ

\(m_{H_2SO_4}=0.25\cdot98=24.5\left(g\right)\)

c: \(n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{2.5}{54}=\dfrac{5}{108}\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5}{36}\left(mol\right)\)

\(V_{H_2}=\dfrac{5}{36}\cdot22.4=\dfrac{28}{9}\left(lít\right)\)

Mình thấy bạn Thịnh tính lượng dư sai

Đây là bài mình từng làm, bạn tham khảo nhé!

\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{28}{56}=0,5mol\)

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

0,5    1                           0,5

\(V_{H_2}=0,5\cdot22,4=11,2l\)

\(m_{HCl}=1\cdot36,5=36,5g\)

PTHH: \(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Zn}=\dfrac{26}{65}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{980\cdot10\%}{98}=1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\) Axit còn dư, Kẽm p/ứ hết

\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,4\cdot22,4=8,96\left(l\right)\)

\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{10,8}{27}=0,4\left(mol\right);n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{98}{98}=1\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2Al + 3H₂SO₄ --> Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 3H₂

Xét tỉ lệ \(\dfrac{0,4}{2}< \dfrac{1}{3}\) => Al hết, H₂SO₄ dư

PTHH: 2Al + 3H₂SO₄ --> Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 3H₂

_____0,4--->0,6------------------------->0,6

=> n_{H2SO4 dư} = 1-0,6=0,4(mol)

=> V_H2 = 0,6.22,4 = 13,44(l)

nAl = 5.4/27 = 0.2 mol 

2Al + 3H2SO4 => Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2 

0.2______________0.1________0.3 

VH2 = 0.3*22.4 = 6.72 (l) 

mAl2(SO4)3 = 0.1*342 = 34.2 g 

\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{22,4}{56}=0,4\left(mol\right);n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{24,5}{98}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\\ Vì:\dfrac{0,4}{1}>\dfrac{0,25}{1}\Rightarrow Fe.dư\\ n_{H_2}=n_{Fe\left(p.ứ\right)}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ a,V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,25.22,4=5,6\left(l\right)\\ b,n_{Fe\left(dư\right)}=0,4-0,25=0,15\left(g\right)\\ m_{Fe\left(dư\right)}=0,14.56=8,4\left(g\right)\)