Ta có : \(m_{H_2SO_4}=14\%.200=28\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=\frac{28}{98}=\frac{2}{7}\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH : \(2Al+3H_2SO_4=Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\uparrow\)

(mol)                2/7             2/21

\(\Rightarrow m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\frac{2}{21}.342=\frac{228}{7}\left(g\right)\)

Sửa: \(14,7\%\)

\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{200.14,7\%}{100\%.98}=0,3(mol)\\ a,PTHH:2Al+3H_2SO_4\to Al_2(SO_4)_3+3H_2\\ \Rightarrow n_{H_2}=0,3(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72(l)\\ b,n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2SO_4}=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4(g)\\ c,n_{Al_2(SO_4)_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al}=0,1(mol)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{Al_2(SO_4)_3}=\dfrac{0,1.342}{200+5,4-0,3.2}.100\%=16,7\%\\ c,m_{Al_2(SO_4)_3}=0,1.342=34,2(g)\)

mH2SO4 = 9,8%.200=19,6(g) -> nH2SO4=0,2(mol)

nAl=0,1(mol)

PTHH: 2Al +3 H2SO4 -> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2

Ta có: 0,1/2 < 0,2/3 => H2SO4 dư, Al hết, tính heo nAl

nAl2(SO4)3=mAl/2=0,1/2=0,05(mol)

mAl2(SO4)3 (LT)= 0,05.342=17,1(g)

Vì: H=75%

=>mAl2(SO4)3 (TT)=75%. 17,1=12,825(g)

Bài 1:

\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{200.14,7\%}{98}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ 2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\\ n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{3}.0,3=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=342.0,1=34,2\left(g\right)\)

Bài 2:

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\\ n_{Mg}=n_{H_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Mg}=0,15.24=3,6\left(g\right)\\ \%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{3,6}{10}.100=36\%\\ \%m_{Cu}=100\%-36\%=64\%\)

PTHH: \(2Al\left(OH\right)_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+6H_2O\)

Ta có: \(n_{Al\left(OH\right)_3}=\dfrac{7,8}{78}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2SO_4}=0,15mol\\n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,05mol\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{H_2SO_4}=0,15\cdot98=14,7\left(g\right)\\m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,05\cdot342=17,1\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

14, mấy % á em?

Ta có: mH\(_2\)SO\(_4\)= 200 . 14% = 28g

=> nH\(_2\)SO\(_4\)= 28/98 = 0,285 (mol)

PTHH :     3H\(_2\)SO\(_4\)   +   2 Al ---->    Al\(_2\)(SO\(_4\))\(_3\)  +    3H\(_2\)

n H\(_2\)SO\(_4\)= 3nAl\(_2\)(SO\(_4\))\(_3\)

=> nAl\(_2\)(SO\(_4\))\(_3\)= 0,285 : 3 =0,095 (mol)

=> mAl\(_2\)(SO\(_4\))\(_3\)= 0,095 . 342 = 32,49 g 

PTHH: \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\)

Ta có: \(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{4,8}{160}=0,03\left(mol\right)\) 

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2SO_4}=0,09\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,03\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,09\cdot98}{9,8\%}=90\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,03\cdot400=12\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)