\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{49}{98}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\\ LTL:\dfrac{0,2}{1}< \dfrac{0,5}{1}\) 
=> H₂SO₄  dư 
\(n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
 

`a)PTHH:`

`Zn + H_2 SO_4 -> ZnSO_4 + H_2`

`0,2`        `0,2`                                `0,2`       `(mol)`

`b)n_[H_2 SO_4]=49/98=0,5(mol)`

Ta có:`[0,2]/1 < [0,5]/1`

   `=>H_2 SO_4` dư

`c)V_[H_2]=0,2.22,4=4,48(l)`

a) \(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\)

b) \(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{m_{H_2SO_4}}{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{49}{98}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PTHH ta thấy: 

\(\dfrac{n_{Zn}}{1}=\dfrac{0,2}{1}\)

\(\dfrac{n_{H_2SO_4}}{1}=\dfrac{0,5}{1}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{n_{Zn}}{1}< \dfrac{n_{H_2SO_4}}{1}\)

Vậy axit sunfuric dư 

c) Theo PTHH: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=n_{H_2}.22,4=0,2.22,4=4,48\)

a)\(PTHH:Zn+H_{ 2}SO_4\xrightarrow[]{}ZnSO_4+H_2\)

b)\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{49}{98}=0,5\left(m\right)\)

   \(PTHH:Zn+H_2SO_4\xrightarrow[]{}ZnSO_4+H_2\)

   tỉ lệ        :1       1                1              1

số mol bđ :0,2     0,5

ta có tỉ lệ : \(\dfrac{0,2}{1}< \dfrac{0,5}{1}=>H_2SO_4\)  \(dư\)

vậy sau phản ứng \(H_2SO_4\)  \(dư\)

 c)\(PTHH:Zn+H_2SO_4\xrightarrow[]{}ZnSO_4+H_2\)

tỉ lệ           :1        1               1               1

số mol      :0,2      0,2            0,2            0,2

\(V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)

PTHH: \(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{49}{98}=0,5\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\) Axit còn dư

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,3\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{H_2}=0,2\cdot22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\\m_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,3\cdot98=29,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

nH2SO4=0,5(mol)

nZn=0,2(mol)

a) PTHH: Zn + H2SO4 -> ZnSO4 + H2

ta có: 0,5/1 > 0,2/1

=> Zn hết, H2SO4 dư, tính theo nZn

b) m(H2SO4 dư)= (0,5-0,2).98=29,4(g)

c) nH2= nZn=0,2(mol)

=>V(H2,đktc)=0,2.22,4=4,48(l)

\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{1,6}{160}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{49.6\%}{98}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH:

\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\)

0,01         0,03                0,01   

\(C\%_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,01.400}{1,6+49}.100\%=7,91\left(\%\right)\)

c, axit phản ứng hết

\(a,n_{Fe}=\dfrac{22,4}{56}=0,4(mol)\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{24,5}{98}=0,25(mol)\\ Fe+H_2SO_4\to FeSO_4+H_2\\ LTL:\dfrac{0,4}{1}>\dfrac{0,25}{1}\Rightarrow Fe\text{ dư}\\ n_{Fe(dư)}=0,4-0,25=0,15(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Fe(dư)}=0,15.56=8,4(g)\\ \)

\(b,m_{dư}=m_{Fe(dư)}=8,4(g)\\ c,n_{H_2}=0,25(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,25.22,4=5,6(l)\\ d,n_{FeSO_4}=0,25(mol)\\\Rightarrow m_{FeSO_4}=0,25.152=38(g)\)

Ta có:\(n_{H_2SO_4\left(loãng\right)}=\dfrac{49}{98}=0.5\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH:H₂SO₄ (loãng) + Zn -> ZnSO₄ + H₂

Theo PTHH và đb, ta có:

\(\dfrac{n_{H_2SO_4\left(loãng\right)\left(đề\right)}}{n_{H_2SO_4\left(loãng\right)\left(PTHH\right)}}=\dfrac{0,5}{1}>\dfrac{n_{Zn\left(đề\right)}}{n_{Zn\left(PTHH\right)}}=\dfrac{0,2}{1}\)

=> H₂SO₄ loãng dư, Zn hết nên tính theo n_Zn.

\(n_{H_2SO_4\left(loãng,phảnứng\right)}=n_{H_2}=n_{ZnSO_4}=n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ =>n_{H_2SO_4\left(loãng,dư\right)}=0,5-0,2=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

Khối lượng H₂SO₄ loãng dư:

\(m_{H_2SO_4\left(loãng,dư\right)}=0,3.98=29,4\left(g\right)\)

b) Thể tích khí H₂ bay ra (đktc):

\(V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)

c) Khối lượng muối thu dc sau phản ứng:

\(m_{ZnSO_4}=161.0,2=32,2\left(g\right)\)

Ta co pthh

Zn + H2SO4 \(\rightarrow\)ZnSO4 + H2

Theo pthh

nH2SO4=\(\dfrac{49}{98}=0,5mol\)

a,Theo pthh

nZn=\(\dfrac{0,2}{1}mol< nH2SO4=\dfrac{0,5}{1}mol\)

\(\Rightarrow H2SO4\) du (tinh theo so mol cua Zn)

Theo pthh

nH2SO4=nZn=0,2 mol

\(\Rightarrow\) So gam H2SO4 du sau phan ung la

mH2SO4=(0,5-0,2).98=29,4 g

b, Theo pthh

nH2=nZn=0,2 mol

\(\Rightarrow VH2=0,2.22,4=4,48l\)

c, Theo pthh

nZnSO4=nZn=0,2 mol

\(\Rightarrow mZnSO4=0,2.161=32,2g\)

a,b,c)

\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\frac{49}{98}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:\\ Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)

(mol) 0.2 0,4

Tỉ lệ : 0,2 < 0,4

⇒ Zn hết, H2SO4 dư, bài toán tính theo Zn

Theo PTHH, ta có:

\(n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=0,2\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,2\cdot22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)

Đ/s:....

nH2SO4= 49/98=0.5 mol

Zn + H2SO4 --> ZnSO4 + H2

Ban đầu: 0.2___0.5

Phản ứng: 0.2___0.2___________0.2

Kết thúc: 0______0.3___________0.2

Sau phản ứng thì H2SO4 còn dư

VH2= 0.2*22.4=4.48l

+PTHH:

Zn + H2SO4 => ZnSO4 + H2

nH2SO4 = m/M = 49/98 = 0.5 (mol)

Lập tỉ số: 0.2/1 < 0.5/1 => H2SO4 dư, Zn tan hết

Suy ra: nH2 = 0.2 (mol)

===> VH2 = 22.4 x 0.2 = 4.48 (l)

\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{3,2}{80}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{100.20\%}{98}=0,204\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH:

\(CuO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CuSO_4+H_2O\)

0,04      0,04           0,04    

\(\dfrac{0,04}{1}< \dfrac{0,204}{1}\) --> H2SO4 dư

\(C\%_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{0,04.160}{3,2+100}.100\%=6,2\%\)

\(C\%_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,2.98}{3,2+100}.100\%=19\%\)

Câu 1:

CuO + H₂SO₄ → CuSO₄ + H₂O

\(n_{CuO}=\frac{3,2}{80}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{H_2SO_4}=200\times9,8\%=19,6\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=\frac{19,6}{98}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{CuO}=n_{H_2SO_4}\)

Theo bài: \(n_{CuO}=\frac{1}{5}n_{H_2SO_4}\)

Vì \(\frac{1}{5}< 1\) ⇒ H₂SO₄ dư

Dung dịch sau pư gồm: H₂SO₄ dư và CuSO₄

Ta có: \(m_{dd}saupư=3,2+200=203,2\left(g\right)\)

Theo Pt: \(n_{H_2SO_4}pư=n_{CuO}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}dư=0,2-0,04=0,16\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4}dư=0,16\times98=15,68\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{H_2SO_4}dư=\frac{15,68}{203,2}\times100\%=7,72\%\)

Theo Pt: \(n_{CuSO_4}=n_{CuO}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{CuSO_4}=0,04\times160=6,4\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{CuSO_4}=\frac{6,4}{203,2}\times100\%=3,15\%\)

Câu 2:

ZnO + H₂SO₄ → ZnSO₄ + H₂O

\(n_{ZnO}=\frac{8,1}{81}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{H_2SO_4}=200\times24,5\%=49\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=\frac{49}{98}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

Theo Pt: \(n_{ZnO}=n_{H_2SO_4}\)

Theo bài: \(n_{ZnO}=\frac{1}{5}n_{H_2SO_4}\)

Vì \(\frac{1}{5}< 1\) ⇒ H₂SO₄ dư

Dung dịch sau pư gồm: H₂SO₄ dư và ZnSO₄

Ta có: \(m_{dd}saupư=8,1+200=208,1\left(g\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}pư=n_{ZnO}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}dư=0,5-0,1=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4}=0,4\times98=39,2\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{H_2SO_4}=\frac{39,2}{208,1}\times100\%=18,84\%\)

Theo pT: \(n_{ZnSO_4}=n_{ZnO}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ZnSO_4}=0,1\times161=16,1\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{ZnSO_4}=\frac{16,1}{208,1}\times100\%=7,74\%\)