a: \(A=\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}+1}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}}=\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}+1}{x+\sqrt{x}}\)

a. \(A=\left(\dfrac{x\sqrt{x}-1}{x-\sqrt{x}}-\dfrac{x\sqrt{x}+1}{x+\sqrt{x}}\right):\dfrac{2\left(x-2\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{x-1}\)

\(=\left(\dfrac{\left(x\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(x+\sqrt{x}\right)-\left(x\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(x-\sqrt{x}\right)}{\left(x-\sqrt{x}\right)\left(x+\sqrt{x}\right)}\right):\dfrac{2\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2}{x-1}\)

\(=\left(\dfrac{\left(x\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(x+\sqrt{x}\right)-\left(x\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(x-\sqrt{x}\right)}{x^2-x}\right).\dfrac{x-1}{2\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2}\)

\(=\left(\dfrac{x^2\sqrt{x}+x^2-x-\sqrt{x}-\left(x^2\sqrt{x}-x^2+x-\sqrt{x}\right)}{x^2-x}\right).\dfrac{x-1}{2\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2}\)

\(=\left(\dfrac{x^2\sqrt{x}+x^2-x-\sqrt{x}-x^2\sqrt{x}+x^2-x+\sqrt{x}}{x^2-x}\right).\dfrac{x-1}{2\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2}\)

\(=\dfrac{2x^2-2x}{x^2-x}.\dfrac{x-1}{2\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2}\)

\(=\dfrac{2\left(x^2-x\right)}{x^2-x}.\dfrac{x-1}{2\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2}\)

\(=2.\dfrac{x-1}{2\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2}=\dfrac{x-1}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2}=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)

b. \(A=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1+2}{\sqrt{x}-1}=1+\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)

Để A có giá trị nguyên \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x}-1}\in Z\) \(\Leftrightarrow2⋮\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\inƯ\left(2\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm2\right\}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}\in\left\{2;0;3;-1\right\}\)

Vì \(\sqrt{x}\ge0\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}\in\left\{2;0;3\right\}\Leftrightarrow x\in\left\{4;0;9\right\}\)

Vậy để A có giá trị nguyên thì \(x\in\left\{4;0;9\right\}\)

a)A=\(\dfrac{x-2\sqrt{x}+1-x-2\sqrt{x}-1-2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}.\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{-2}\)

=\(\dfrac{-2\left(2\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}.\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{-2}\)

=\(\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}\) 

b)Ta có A = \(\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)=2+\(\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)

Để A nguyên thì \(\sqrt{x}-1\)∈Ư₍₂₎

⇒x∈{4;0;9}

\(a,A=\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}-2-\sqrt{x}-1}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}:\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-3}{\sqrt{x}+1}\\ A=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-3}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-3}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}-1}\\ b,A< 0\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}-1}< 0\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}-1< 0\left(1>0\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow x< 1\\ c,A\in Z\Leftrightarrow1⋮\sqrt{x}-1\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}-1\inƯ\left(1\right)\left\{-1;1\right\}\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}\in\left\{0;2\right\}\\ \Leftrightarrow x\in\left\{0;4\right\}\)

a) \(A=\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}-2-\sqrt{x}-1}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}:\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1-4}{\sqrt{x}+1}\)

\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-3}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}.\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-3}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)

b) \(A=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}-1}< 0\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}-1< 0\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}< 1\)

Kết hợp đk: 

\(\Rightarrow0\le x< 1\)

c) \(A=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}-1}\in Z\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}-1\inƯ\left(1\right)=\left\{-1;1\right\}\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}\in\left\{0;2\right\}\)

\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{0;4\right\}\)

a: \(P=\left(\dfrac{2+\sqrt{x}-1}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\right):\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1-\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+1}\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}-1}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{1}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)

b: Để P nguyên thì \(\sqrt{x}+1⋮\sqrt{x}-1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}-1\in\left\{-1;1;2\right\}\)

hay \(x\in\left\{0;4;9\right\}\)

a: ĐKXĐ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x>0\\x\notin\left\{1;4\right\}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(A=\left(\dfrac{1}{x-4}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}+2}\right):\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{x+2\sqrt{x}}\)

\(=\left(\dfrac{1}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}+2}\right)\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)

\(=\dfrac{1+\sqrt{x}-2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)

\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}-2}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-1}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-2}\)

b: Để A là số nguyên thì \(\sqrt{x}⋮\sqrt{x}-2\)

=>\(\sqrt{x}-2+2⋮\sqrt{x}-2\)

=>\(\sqrt{x}-2\inƯ\left(2\right)\)

=>\(\sqrt{x}-2\in\left\{1;-1;2;-2\right\}\)

=>\(\sqrt{x}\in\left\{3;1;4;0\right\}\)

=>\(x\in\left\{9;1;16;0\right\}\)

Kết hợp ĐKXĐ, ta được: \(x\in\left\{9;16\right\}\)

c: A<0

=>\(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-2}< 0\)

=>\(\sqrt{x}-2< 0\)

=>\(\sqrt{x}< 2\)

=>0<=x<4

Kết hợp ĐKXĐ, ta được: 0<x<4 và x<>1

Lời giải:

ĐK: $x\geq 0; x\neq 4; x\neq 9$

a) 

\(P=\frac{2\sqrt{x}-9}{(\sqrt{x}-3)(\sqrt{x}-2)}+\frac{(2\sqrt{x}+1)(\sqrt{x}-2)}{(\sqrt{x}-3)(\sqrt{x}-2)}-\frac{(\sqrt{x}+3)(\sqrt{x}-3)}{(\sqrt{x}-3)(\sqrt{x}-2)}\)

\(=\frac{2\sqrt{x}-9+(2\sqrt{x}+1)(\sqrt{x}-2)-(\sqrt{x}+3)(\sqrt{x}-3)}{(\sqrt{x}-3)(\sqrt{x}-2)}=\frac{x-\sqrt{x}-2}{(\sqrt{x}-3)(\sqrt{x}-2)}\)

\(=\frac{(\sqrt{x}-2)(\sqrt{x}+1)}{(\sqrt{x}-3)(\sqrt{x}-2)}=\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-3}\)

b) \(P=\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-3}=1+\frac{4}{\sqrt{x}-3}\)

Với $x$ nguyên, để $P$ nguyên thì $\sqrt{x}-3$ phải là ước nguyên của $4$

Mà $\sqrt{x}-3\geq -3$ nên:

$\Rightarrow \sqrt{x}-3\in\left\{\pm 1;\pm 2;4\right\}$

$\Rightarrow x\in \left\{4;16;1;25;49\right\}$ (đều thỏa mãn.

\(B=\left[\dfrac{\sqrt{x-2}}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\right]\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)=\)

\(=\left[\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)-\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\right]\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)=\)

\(=\left[\dfrac{x+\sqrt{x}-2\sqrt{x}-2-x+\sqrt{x}-2\sqrt{x}+2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\right]\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)=\)

\(=\left[\dfrac{-2\sqrt{x}}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\right]\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)=\)

\(=\dfrac{-2x}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}=-\dfrac{2x}{x-1}\)

b/

\(B=-\dfrac{2\left(x-1\right)+2}{x-1}=-2+\dfrac{2}{x-1}\)

Để B nguyên

\(x-1=\left\{-1;-2;1;2\right\}\Rightarrow x=\left[0;-1;2;3\right]\)

Lời giải:ĐK: $x>0; x\neq 1$;

\(P=\left[\frac{(\sqrt{x}-1)(x+\sqrt{x}+1)}{\sqrt{x}(\sqrt{x}-1)}-\frac{(\sqrt{x}+1)(x-\sqrt{x}+1)}{\sqrt{x}(\sqrt{x}+1)}\right]:\frac{2(\sqrt{x}-1)^2}{(\sqrt{x}-1)(\sqrt{x}+1)}\)

\(=\left(\frac{x+\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}}-\frac{x-\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}}\right):\frac{2(\sqrt{x}-1)}{\sqrt{x}+1}\)

\(=2:\frac{2(\sqrt{x}-1)}{\sqrt{x}+1}=\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)

b) 

\(P=\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}=1+\frac{2}{\sqrt{x}-1}\). Để $P$ nguyên thì $\sqrt{x}-1$ là ước nguyên của $2$

$\Rightarrow \sqrt{x}-1\in\left\{\pm 1;\pm 2\right\}$

$\Rightarrow x\in\left\{0; 2; 9\right\}$

Kết hợp với ĐKXĐ suy ra $x\in\left\{2;9\right\}$