1 slot tối làm cho :))
Bài này trích trong đề thi HSG Toán 9 tỉnh Thanh Hóa
Như đã hứa,giờ làm cho :))
BĐT\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{xz}{y^2+yz}+\frac{y}{xz+yz}+\frac{z}{x+z}\ge\frac{3}{2}\).Đặt \(\frac{x}{y}=a>0;\frac{y}{z}=b>0\)\(\Rightarrow ab=\frac{x}{z}\ge1\)
Ta có BĐT:\(\frac{1}{\frac{y^2}{xz}+\frac{y}{x}}+\frac{1}{\frac{xz}{y^2}+\frac{z}{y}}+\frac{1}{1+\frac{x}{z}}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\frac{b}{a}+\frac{1}{a}}+\frac{1}{\frac{a}{b}+\frac{1}{b}}+\frac{1}{ab+1}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a}{b+1}+\frac{b}{a+1}+\frac{1}{ab+1}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^2}{ab+a}+\frac{b^2}{ab+b}+\frac{1}{ab+1}\ge\frac{3}{2}\).Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxki mở rộng ta có:
\(\frac{a^2}{ab+a}+\frac{b^2}{ab+b}\ge\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2ab+a+b}\).Ta cần chứng minh:\(\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2ab+a+b}\ge\frac{2\left(a+b\right)}{a+b+2}\)(*).Thật vậy:
(*)\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+b}{2ab+a+b}\ge\frac{2}{a+b+2}\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(a+b+2\right)\ge2\left(2ab+a+b\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-2ab+b^2\ge0\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)(đúng)
Nên \(\frac{a^2}{ab+a}+\frac{b^2}{ab+b}+\frac{1}{ab+1}\ge\frac{2\left(a+b\right)}{a+b+2}+\frac{1}{ab+1}\)\(\ge\frac{2\left(a+b\right)}{a+b+2}+\frac{4}{4+\left(a+b\right)^2}\)
Đặt \(m=a+b\ge2\sqrt{ab}\ge2\).Ta cần chứng minh:\(\frac{2m}{m+2}+\frac{4}{4+m^2}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)(**).Thật vậy
(**)\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2m}{m+2}+\frac{3m^2+4}{2m^2+8}\ge0\)\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2m\left(2m^2+8\right)-\left(m+2\right)\left(3m^2+4\right)}{\left(m+2\right)\left(2m^2+8\right)}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(m-2\right)^3}{\left(m+2\right)\left(2m^2+8\right)}\ge0\) đúng với mọi \(m\ge2\)
Vậy BĐT đã được chứng minh.Dấu "=" xảy ra khi chỉ khi x=y=z
