a) \(\frac{2}{3} = \frac{4}{6} = \frac{1}{6} + \frac{3}{6} = \frac{1}{6} + \frac{1}{2}\)

b) \(\frac{8}{{15}} = \frac{5}{{15}} + \frac{3}{{15}} = \frac{1}{5} + \frac{1}{3}\)

c) \(\frac{7}{8} = \frac{4}{8} + \frac{2}{8} + \frac{1}{8} = \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{4} + \frac{1}{8}\)

d) \(\frac{{17}}{{18}} = \frac{9}{{18}} + \frac{6}{{18}} + \frac{2}{{18}} = \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{3} + \frac{1}{9}\).

a)

\(\begin{array}{l}\frac{2}{3} + \frac{{ - 2}}{5} + \frac{{ - 5}}{6} - \frac{{13}}{{10}}\\ = \frac{2}{3} + \frac{{ - 5}}{6} + \frac{{ - 2}}{5} - \frac{{13}}{{10}}\\ = \left( {\frac{2}{3} + \frac{{ - 5}}{6}} \right) + \left( {\frac{{ - 2}}{5} - \frac{{13}}{{10}}} \right)\\ = \left( {\frac{4}{6} + \frac{{ - 5}}{6}} \right) + \left( {\frac{{ - 4}}{{10}} - \frac{{13}}{{10}}} \right)\\ = \frac{{ - 1}}{6} + \frac{{ - 17}}{{10}}\\ = \frac{{ - 5}}{{30}} + \frac{{ - 51}}{{30}}\\ = \frac{{ - 56}}{{30}}\\ = \frac{{ - 28}}{{15}}\end{array}\)

b)

\(\begin{array}{l}\frac{{ - 3}}{7}.\frac{{ - 1}}{9} + \frac{7}{{ - 18}}.\frac{{ - 3}}{7} + \frac{5}{6}.\frac{{ - 3}}{7}\\ = \frac{{ - 3}}{7}.\left( {\frac{{ - 1}}{9} + \frac{7}{{ - 18}} + \frac{5}{6}} \right)\\ = \frac{{ - 3}}{7}.\left( {\frac{{ - 2}}{{18}} + \frac{{ - 7}}{{18}} + \frac{{15}}{{18}}} \right)\\ = \frac{{ - 3}}{7}.\frac{{ 6}}{{18}}\\ = \frac{-1}{7}\end{array}\).

\(\frac{1}{5}=\frac{1.3}{5.3}=\frac{3}{15}\)

\(\frac{-10}{55}=\frac{-10\div5}{55\div5}=\frac{-2}{11}\)

Vậy ba cặp số phân số bằng nhau sau khi sử dụng tính chất cơ bản

2 .

\(\frac{-12}{-3}=\frac{-12:3}{-3:3}=\frac{-4}{-1};\frac{7}{-35}=\frac{7:7}{-35:7}=\frac{1}{-5};\frac{-9}{27}=\frac{-9:9}{27:9}=\frac{-1}{3}\)

3 .

\(15min=\frac{1}{4}\)giờ

\(90min=\frac{3}{2}\)giờ

1

\(\frac{1}{5}=\frac{1.3}{5.3}=\frac{3}{15}\)

\(\frac{-10}{55}=\frac{-10:5}{55:5}=\frac{-2}{11}\)

Vậy có 2 cặp phân số bằng nhau

1/ \(\frac{7}{5}=1\frac{2}{5}\)

\(-\frac{18}{7}=-2\frac{4}{7}\)

2/\(4\frac{1}{7}=\frac{29}{7}\)

\(-2\frac{7}{11}=-\frac{29}{11}\)

a) Ta có: BCNN(15,10) = 30 nên ta chọn mẫu số chung là 30

\(\frac{11}{15}+\frac{9}{10}=\frac{22}{30}+\frac{27}{30}=\frac{49}{30}\)

b) Ta có: BCNN(6,9,12) = 36 nên ta chọn mẫu số chung là 36

\(\frac{5}{6} + \frac{7}{9} + \frac{{11}}{{12}} = \frac{{30}}{{36}} + \frac{{28}}{{36}} + \frac{{33}}{{36}} = \frac{{91}}{{36}}\)

c) Ta có: BCNN(24,21) = 168 nên ta chọn mẫu số chung là 168

\(\frac{7}{{24}} - \frac{2}{{21}} = \frac{{49}}{{168}} - \frac{{16}}{{168}} = \frac{{33}}{{168}}=\frac{11}{56}\)

d) Ta có: BCNN(36,24) = 72 nên ta chọn mẫu số chung là 72

\(\frac{{11}}{{36}} - \frac{7}{{24}} = \frac{{22}}{{72}} - \frac{{21}}{{72}} = \frac{1}{{72}}\)

Phân số hữu hạn:

5/8 =0,265vì 8=2^3

-3/20=-0,15 vì 2^.5

14/25=0,56 vì 25=5^2

Phấn số thập phân vô hạn tuần hoàn là:

4/11=0,(36)  vì 11=11

15/22 =0,68(18)vì 22=2.11

-7/12=-0,58(3) vì 12=2^2.3

a) $2 \times \frac{3}{{14}} = \frac{2}{1} \times \frac{3}{{14}} = \frac{{2 \times 3}}{{1 \times 14}} = \frac{6}{{14}} = \frac{3}{7}$                     

b) $3 \times \frac{4}{9} = \frac{3}{1} \times \frac{4}{9} = \frac{{3 \times 4}}{{1 \times 9}} = \frac{{12}}{9} = \frac{4}{3}$

c) $\frac{7}{{18}} \times 6 = \frac{7}{{18}} \times \frac{6}{1} = \frac{{7 \times 6}}{{18 \times 1}} = \frac{{42}}{{18}} = \frac{7}{3}$                 

d) $\frac{{19}}{{12}} \times 0 = \frac{{19}}{{12}} \times \frac{0}{1} = \frac{{19 \times 0}}{{12 \times 1}} = 0$